Potential Antioxidant Activity of Kedondong Leaves (Spondias dulcis Forst.) Using DPPH Method (1,1-Diphenyl-2- Pikril Hydrazil)
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Background: Antioxidants are substances that can reduce free radicals to protect the body's biological systems from adverse effects arising from processes or reactions that cause excess oxidants. Kedondong leaves (Spondias dulcis Forst.) contain flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids, which have the potential to act as antioxidants. Objective: To determine the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate and 95% ethanol extracts from kedondong leaves. Methods: The antioxidant activity was tested using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, a free radical stable in an aqueous solution. Each extract was tested for its antioxidant activity with a comparison compound, vitamin C, using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results of the antioxidant activity test revealed the IC50 (inhibitory concentration) value, namely the concentration of antioxidant compounds capable of inhibiting DPPH free radical activity by 50%. Result: The ethyl acetate extract has weak antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 194.123 ppm, the 95% ethanol extract has very weak antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 553.3694 ppm, and vitamin C, as a comparison, has very strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 4.7805 ppm. Conclusion: Kedondong leaves have potential antioxidant activity but are very small.Keywords:
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Carissa spinarum has been traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases due to its different pharmacological activities. However, the active compounds responsible for its potentially specific activities have rarely been explored. To this end, the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction was screened out and selected for further phytochemical isolation because of its promising activities in preliminary 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and COX-2 inhibition assays. As a result, 10 compounds (1−10), including a new one (5), were isolated, with eight of these being identified as phenolic compounds, as expected. Compound 9 possessed an IC50 value of 16.5 ± 1.2 µM, which was lower than that of positive control (vitamin C, 25.5 ± 0.3 µM) in the DPPH assay, and compounds 2, 6, 7 and 9 showed better total antioxidant capacity than vitamin C in the FRAP assay. Meanwhile, compounds 1−6 and 9 also had IC50 values of less than 1.0 µM, which was even better than the positive control indomethacin in the COX-2 inhibition assay. In this context, compounds 2 and 9 were further evaluated to exhibit clear hepatoprotective activities by improving the L02 cell viability and reducing ROS production using a H2O2-induced L02 cell injury model. This study provides initial evidence revealing the most potent phenolic compounds from the root bark of C. spinarum responsible for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities.
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Anti-inflammatory
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Antioxidant substances were extracted from mulberry vinegar with methanol ,ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate respevtively. Their antioxidant activities were determined. The results show that the extracts of mulberry vinegar have more significant effects on DPPH radical scavenging than TBHQ. The different extracts have different antioxidant capacities, that is methanol extractantethanol extractant acetone extractantethyl acetate extractantTBHQ.
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Objective:Antioxidative activities of different polarity parts in extracts with ethanol from Ligustrum lucidum were studied in vitro to supply the separating base of antioxidative components.Method:The antioxidant properties of different parts in ethanol extracts of L.lucidum were evaluated by different antioxidant tests,including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical scavenging activity,superoxide anion radical scavenging activity in vitro chemical simulated systems.Result:The antioxidant results of petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and 1-butanol parts in ethanol extract show that the antioxidant effect of ethyl acetate parts wasthe strongest.Conclusion:Antioxidative components could be justified existing in the ethyl acetate parts initially.
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Abstract The antioxidant activity of white kapul (Baccaurea macrocarpa) fruit rinds was investigated in this research. Baccaurea macrocarpa fruit rinds were extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol, consecutively. All extracts were determined for their antioxidant activity based on the DPPH method. The yields from hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extract were 0.14%, 0.64%, and 0.94%, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in methanol extract (IC50 22.968 ppm), followed by the activity from ethyl acetate extract (IC50 29.741 ppm), and hexane extract (IC50 141.931 ppm). As a comparison, the IC50 of vitamin C was 5.019 ppm.
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The potential of antioxidant of crude ethanol extract and its fractions (water and ethyl acetate fraction) of leaves Coffee Arabica L. by 1,1-diphenyl-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging method, was investigated. The 450 g sample powder were prepared by using Soxhlet apparatus and ethanol 96% as solvent. The liquid extract was evaporated in vacuo to give ethanol crude extract. Ethanol crude extract then extracted with different organic solvents with different polarities, water, hexane and ethyl acetate to give ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction. Antioxidant activity assay used were 1,1-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) by radical scavenging method at different concentration of extract and fraction (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 µg/ml). The result of our study showed that the ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 28.2 µg/ml), compared to other, water fraction (IC50 82.8 µg/ml) and ethanol crude extract (IC50 39.7 µg/ml).
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OBJECTIVE:To study the antioxidant activities of Plastrum Testudinis in vitro so as to provide references for the optimization of antiaging agents.METHODS:Extracts from different parts were extracted from Plastrum Testudinis with polarity progressive solvents in order:petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and 95% ethanol,respectively.Then in vitro antioxidant activities of the extracts were detected by DPPH method and compared with antiscorbic acid(Vit C).RESULTS:Significant differences were noted between the extracts by 95%ethanol ether and those by petroleum ether or ethyl acetate in antioxidant activities(P0.01),with that extracted by 95% ethanol showing the highest antioxidant activities.2.38orders of magnitude difference was noted compared to Vit C in terms of EC 50 .CONCLUSION:The extracts of Plastrum Testudinis extracted by95%ethanol exhibits a strong antioxidant activity in vitro,which remains to be further studied.
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Abstract The anti-oxidation activity of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts from ethanol extract of Uncaria scandens were studied, using DPPH free radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, and total reducing power determination. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Uncaria scandens has strong antioxidant activity, especially the DPPH free radical scavenging ability, which is similar to the positive control vitamin C.
Petroleum ether
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Hydroxyl radical
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Background: Antioxidants are substances that can reduce free radicals to protect the body's biological systems from adverse effects arising from processes or reactions that cause excess oxidants. Kedondong leaves (Spondias dulcis Forst.) contain flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids, which have the potential to act as antioxidants. Objective: To determine the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate and 95% ethanol extracts from kedondong leaves. Methods: The antioxidant activity was tested using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, a free radical stable in an aqueous solution. Each extract was tested for its antioxidant activity with a comparison compound, vitamin C, using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results of the antioxidant activity test revealed the IC50 (inhibitory concentration) value, namely the concentration of antioxidant compounds capable of inhibiting DPPH free radical activity by 50%. Result: The ethyl acetate extract has weak antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 194.123 ppm, the 95% ethanol extract has very weak antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 553.3694 ppm, and vitamin C, as a comparison, has very strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 4.7805 ppm. Conclusion: Kedondong leaves have potential antioxidant activity but are very small.
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Background. The leaves of Hagenia abyssinica have been used in the management of diabetes mellitus in Ethiopian folk medicine. Thus, this study is aimed at investigating the in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the crude extract and solvent fractions of H. abyssinica leaves. Methods. The in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the plant extract were assessed using 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA), p-nitro-phenyl-a-D glucopyranoside (p-NPG), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, respectively. Each value of percent inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and DPPH scavenging effect was presented as ( ). Results. The α-amylase inhibitory activity of the crude extract and solvent fractions was found to be concentration-dependent. The strongest activity was exhibited by the crude extract at the highest concentration with a percentage inhibition of 74.52% (IC50, 14.52 μg/ml) followed by water fraction 68.24% (IC50, 16.31 μg/ml), ethyl acetate fraction 61.57% (IC50, 18.73 μg/ml), and chloroform fraction 56.87% (IC50, 21.57 μg/ml) of H. abyssinica leaves. In the α-glucosidase inhibition assay, the maximum activity was exhibited by the aqueous fraction 62.54% (IC50, 11.67 μg/ml) followed by ethyl acetate fraction 54.97% (IC50, 15.89 μg/ml), crude extract 46.79% (IC50, >16.5 μg/ml), and chloroform fraction 36.44% (IC50, >16.5 μg/ml). In the antioxidant assay, the crude extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity 86.36% (IC50, 10.25 μg/ml) followed by water fraction 78.59% (IC50, 13.86 μg/ml), ethyl acetate fraction 71.58% (IC50, 16.34 μg/ml), and chloroform fraction 63.65% (IC50, 18.83 μg/ml). Conclusion. This study has revealed that H. abyssinica leaves possess noticeable in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities.
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The fruit of Reevesia glaucophylla Hsue were extracted using the ethanol as solvent and then extracted with ethyl acetate and n-butanol successively after vacuum concentration. Scavenging activity of DPPH radical was studied for evaluating antioxidant activity of the two parts. The results showed that radical scavenging rate was greater than 56% and IC50 equaled to 210.21 μg/mL when the part of ethyl acetate concentration was 280.80 μg/mL, and radical scavenging rate was greater than 68% and IC50 equaled to 291.03 μg/mL when the part of n-butanol concentration was 368.00 μg/mL. Antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate part is 1.4 times better than that of n-butanol part.
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