EFFECTS OF VOLUME OF CARBON NANOTUBES ON THE ANGLED BALLISTIC IMPACT FOR CARBON KEVLAR HYBRID FABRICS
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Investigations of the angled ballistic impact behavior on Carbon Kevlar® Hybrid fabrics with assorted volumes of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into epoxy are presented. The ballistic impact behavior of the epoxy composites with/without CNTs is compared. Individual impact studies are conducted on the composite plate made-up of Carbon Kevlar Hybrid fabrics with diverse volumes of CNTs. The plate was fabricated with eight layers of equal thickness arranged in different percentages of CNTs. A conical steel projectile is considered for a high velocity impact. The projectile is placed very close to the plate, at the centre and impacted with sundry speeds. The variation of the kinetic energy, the increase in the internal energy of the laminate and the decrease in the velocity of the projectile with disparate angles are also studied. Based on the results, the percentage of CNTs for the ballistic impact of each angle is suggested. The solution is based on the target material properties at high ballistic impact resistance, the inclined impact and the CNT volumes. Using the ballistic limit velocity, contact duration at ballistic limit, surface thickness of target and the size of the damaged zone are predicted for fabric composites.Keywords:
Kevlar
Ballistic limit
Ballistic Impact
Carbon fibers
In this present work, the ballistic resistance of GFRP composite was investigated against 7.52 mm diameter hemispherical nose shaped projectile. The impact tests have been recreated by doing three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis on LS DYNA code. The numerical outcomes such as residual and ballistic limit velocity have been found to have close connection with the test results available in literature. The residual velocity of projectile, ballistic limit velocity and energy retaining limit and failure of the composite have additionally been discussed with changing target thickness and projectile impact angles. From the numerical outcomes, it is clear that the target thicknesses and impact angle of projectile shows critical contribution on the ballistic resistance of the target.
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Investigations of the angled ballistic impact behavior on Carbon Kevlar® Hybrid fabrics with assorted volumes of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into epoxy are presented. The ballistic impact behavior of the epoxy composites with/without CNTs is compared. Individual impact studies are conducted on the composite plate made-up of Carbon Kevlar Hybrid fabrics with diverse volumes of CNTs. The plate was fabricated with eight layers of equal thickness arranged in different percentages of CNTs. A conical steel projectile is considered for a high velocity impact. The projectile is placed very close to the plate, at the centre and impacted with sundry speeds. The variation of the kinetic energy, the increase in the internal energy of the laminate and the decrease in the velocity of the projectile with disparate angles are also studied. Based on the results, the percentage of CNTs for the ballistic impact of each angle is suggested. The solution is based on the target material properties at high ballistic impact resistance, the inclined impact and the CNT volumes. Using the ballistic limit velocity, contact duration at ballistic limit, surface thickness of target and the size of the damaged zone are predicted for fabric composites.
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The objective of the present study is to investigate the ballistic impact behavior of Kevlar/Polypropylene (PP) composites through hydrocode simulations performed in ANSYS AUTODYN-2D/3D. The studies are carried out based on the experimental and numerical investigation of ballistic impact response of Kevlar/PP composites reported in our recent work [Bandaru et al. Ballistic impact response of Kevlar® reinforced thermoplastic composite armors, Int J Impact Eng 2016;89:1-13]. The interface between the Kevlar and PP matrix is improved by adding polypropylene grafted with Maleic anhydride. The numerical model is validated by evaluating the ballistic impact performance of Kevlar/PP composites when impacted with STANAG-2920 fragment simulating projectile (FSP). Kevlar/PP showed improved ballistic impact performance than that of the Kevlar/Vinylester composite reported in the literature. Numerical simulations are further extended to study the influence of the mass of the projectile on the ballistic impact performance of Kevlar/PP composite armors in terms of ballistic limit, energy absorption and residual velocity. It is observed that shear plugging is the dominant failure mechanism in thermoplastic composites.
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This paper presents the results from experiments and numerical simulations on the ballistic impact of 10 mm thick aramid fabric-epoxy composite laminates by a 7.62 mm armor piercing projectile at varying impact velocities. Post perforated residual velocity (RV), contact duration of projectile with the target and ballistic limit (BL) of composite were simulated using a finite element code HyperWorks-Radioss. Interaction of projectile with composite laminates was captured by high speed video. The predicted ballistic parameter from simulation compared well with the precision experimental results. The simulated energy and stress distribution during impact of projectile on composite laminate showed marked difference with variation in impact velocities (SV). The magnitude and duration of stress as well as the contact force was found to increase when projectile impacted at lower SV thus enhancing the extent of delaminating and the core damage area and the trend was reversed for higher SV. The findings corroborate the bullet inflicted damage of composite laminates experimentally determined by ultrasonic C-scan.
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This paper focuses on the numerical analysis of the ballistic performance of Kevlar®-29 under impact of different double-nosed stepped cylindrical projectiles. Numerical modelling based on finite element method was carried out in order to predict the failure mode of the target as well as the ballistic limit. A detailed analysis of the ballistic limit, failure mode and deformation of the targets due to impact of double-nosed projectiles was developed, discussed and compared with those involved in penetration of single-nosed flat and conical projectiles. Significant influence of the projectile geometry was demonstrated: the lowest ballistic limit was obtained with the conical–conical nose shape projectiles.
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In the last few years, due to the superior mechanical qualities of Additive Manufacturing (AM) AlSi10Mg alloy to those of traditional casting process AlSi10Mg alloys, the application of AM technology has significantly increased. The ballistic impact research has a wide range of uses, notably in the mining, construction, spacecraft and defence sectors. This work focuses on analyzing the behavior of different projectile nose shapes on the AlSi10Mg alloy fabricated by AM. There are several projectile nose forms to consider, including blunt, hemispherical, conical, and ogive shapes. The impact of various projectile shapes on the ballistic limit of the additively created AlSi10Mg alloy is carefully examined in this study. All numerical simulations were carried out using LS-DYNA software, and the Johnson-Cook material and damage model were considered to assess the ballistic resistance behavior. The ballistic limit for various projectile shapes is computed using the Jonas-Lambert model, which describes the connection between residual velocity and starting projectile velocity. The results showed that, the ogive-shaped Projectile offers the highest ballistic limit, and the blunt projectile shows the lowest ballistic limit for a 5 mm thin target plate. The ballistic impact phenomenon showed plugging failure for the blunt nose projectile, the formation of plug and small fragments were observed in the case of hemispherical nose projectile, fragmenting failure is observed with radial necking in the case of conical nose projectile and petals are formed at the impacted zone in ogive nose shape projectile. Moreover, the ballistic limit of AM AlSi10Mg alloy was slightly higher compared to the ballistic limit of the die-cast AlSi10Mg alloy for the 7.62 mm AP bullet (core). Therefore, AM AlSi10Mg alloy may have equal or good ballistic properties compared to die-cast AlSi10Mg alloy.
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The aim of this paper is to review design and analysis of bullet resistance jacket projectile penetration. The main energy absorbing mechanisms during ballistic impact are different criteria considered. Delamination, analytical model formation, Experimental, projectile and penetration will be determine impact energy absorbed and initial kinetic energy of the projectile in to target. The material of Kevlar, Twaron, spectra, non-Newtonian’s fluid and natural fibers are used in making bullet proof jacket. Finally, the total energy absorbed by damaged plate is equal to the initial kinetic energy of projectile, ballistic limit of the plate obtained.
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Penetration (warfare)
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