Net cover color influence nutritive quality of African nightshade and spiderplant
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Indigenous leafy vegetables play a major role in strategies to attain food and nutritional security for African households. However, the potential of these vegetables in meeting the nutritional requirements have not been adequately exploited. This study assessed effects of shadenets on nutritive value of African indigenous leafy vegetables. The vegetables African nightshade (Solanum scabrum Mill.) and spiderplant (Cleome gynandra L.) and net covers colored white, gray, blue, and yellow, with unnetted plants as a control were used. From the 7th week after sowing (spiderplant) and transplanting (African nightshade) and at 2-week intervals nutritive quality variables were determined. Compared to open field, white net produced higher leaf β-carotene at 13 weeks after planting by 6% and 17% for African nightshade and spiderplant, respectively. Use of blue net cover reduced leaf vitamin C content by 94.5% and 79% in African nightshade and spiderplant, respectively, compared to open field at 15 weeks after planting. Higher leaf calcium was consistently recorded for plants grown under yellow net cover for African nightshade and white nets for spiderplant; but was reduced under blue net for both species on most sampling dates. Leaf iron content was maximized under yellow net cover for both crops. Use of net covers reduced leaf crude fiber content compared to open field; high leaf phenolic content was obtained in crops grown under white net for both vegetables. The crop responses were attributed to spectral quality, light intensity, and environmental changes to which the crops were subjected. The different colored agronet covers differentially influenced crop leaf nutritive quality.Keywords:
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This study aims to determine the growth and productivity of low land rice, Inpari 14 variety managed under the integrated farming system (PTT) and to conduct its feasibility analysis with the same system. The research used Randomized Block Design (RBD) non factorial consisting of 9 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments used, namely: control (“square” style of plant spacing 20cm x 20cm, transplanting 17 days after sowing, 3 seedlings per planting hole, and no manure); PTT 1 (square plant spacing 20cm x 20cm, transplanting 15 days after sowing, one seedling per planting hole, and 1 t ha-1 manure); PTT 2 (“legowo style” of plant spacing of 2:1, transplanting 15 days after sowing, planting one seedling per planting hole, and 1 t ha-1 manure); PTT 3 (square plant spacing of 20cm x 20cm, transplanting 15 days after sowing, 2 seedlings, and 1 t ha-1 manure); PTT 4 (legowo spacing of 2:1, transplanting 15 days after sowing, planting 2 seeds per planting hole, and 1 t ha-1 manure); PTT 5 (square planting spacing of 20cm x 20cm, transplanting 15 days after sowing, planting one seed per planting hole , and 2 t ha-1 manure); PTT 6 (legowo spacing 2:1, transplanting 15 days after sowing, planting one seed per planting hole, and 2 t ha-1 manure); PTT 7 (square planting spacing of 20cm x 20cm, transplanting 15 days after sowing, 2 seeds per planting hole, and 2 t ha-1 manure), and PTT 8 (legowo spacing of 2:1, transplanting 15 days after sowing, 2 seeds per planting hole, and 2 t ha-1 manure). Results showed that an increase in production of 0.9 t ha-1 or 17.33 percent of the rice attained by PTT 8 treatment compared to the control with each production 5.25 t ha-1 and 4.34 t ha-1. There were trends that the dried husk rice results ha-1 of legowo cropping systems, namely PTT 2 (4.96 t ha-1), PTT 4 (5.21 t ha-1) , PTT 6 (4.13 t ha-1), and PTT 8 (5.25 t ha-1) had a higher yield than the PTT tile systems treatment, namely PTT 1 (3.18 t ha-1); PTT3 ( 4.13 t ha-1); PTT 5 (4.17 t ha-1), and PTT 7 (4.19 t ha-1). The PTT 8 treatment gave profit per hectare of Rp. 16,171,057 (Sixteen Million One Hundred Seventy One Thousand Fifty Seven Rupiah) that was higher compared to control of Rp. 13,002,557 (Thirteen Million Two Thousand Five Hundred Fifty Seven Rupiah) that mean the PTT 8 treatment provided increased revenue by 20%
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Among the various treatments, transplanting success was maximum (73.33%) when transplanting done with leaves detached + 200 ppm IBA. However, among different timings transplanting success was maximum (70.83%) in the month of February. Although the growth parameters of bud lings were found better when transplanting was done in the month of April and the leaves of bud ling were detached + treated with 200 ppm IBA. The bare rooted transplanting of aonla budlings can successfully done from mid of January to mid of February.
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The experiment was conducted at Plasticulture Farm, College of Technology and Engineering, MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan during May, 2018 to May, 2019 to observe the effect of different transplanting dates on growth and yield of tomato crop. Six different dates of transplanting viz. May 25, June 25, July 25, August 25, September 25 and October 25 were considered. The experiment was laid out in RBD with four replications. Early flowering (37.40 days) as well as earlyfruit harvesting (78.00 days) was occurred in August 25 transplanting, where astransplanting on May 25 resulted in delayed flowering (41.83 days) and fruit harvesting (83.00 days), respectively. Number of fruits per plant was also the highest (40.28) in August 25 transplanting and the lowest (31.75) was in October 25 transplanting. Individual fruit weight was higest in August 25 transplanting whereas lowest in May 25 transplanting. Transplanting on August 25 was found superior in respect of yield (119.11 tha-1) compared to other dates of transplanting.
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Parachute transplanting method of rice as compared to line transplanting and farmer’s method of random transplanting was studied at 10 different locations viz., Kamonki, Wazirabad, Daska, Pasroor, Gujranwala, Sialkot, Lahore, Hafizabad and Sheikhupura during 2003 and 2004. Super Basmati was used as test variety. Yield and yield components of three transplanting techniques, averaged across 10 locations, were found significantly different from each other. The line transplanting gave the highest yield of 4.34 t/ha followed by the parachute transplanting method. The conventional transplanting method practiced by farmers gave the minimum yield of 3.79 t/ha. The line transplanting also produced maximum value for number of tillers /plant (25.30), number of grains/ panicle (65.50). In parachute transplanting method the plant population (213530) was maximum followed by line transplanting and farmer’s practice of random transplanting.
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Effects of Different Transplanting Time on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Lancang County
[Objective]The aim was to determine the best transplanting time of flue-cured tobacco in Lancang County. [Method]Three transplanting time,April 20,30 and May 10,was designed,and then investigated their growth,development and yield. [Result]Transplanting in April 20 had the longest growth period,was in favor of tobacco root growth,promoted the growth of overground parts of tobacco plants,had the better agronomic traits,promoted the synthesis of tobacco internal compounds,and then yield improved. Otherwise,transplanting in April 20 had stronger tobacco plants because of longer growth period,so the disease was relative lighter; the mature time of transplanting in April 20 was earlier because tobacco plants was transplanted earlier,so they avoided parts of rain weather at later growth period to decrease the later stage diseases; the mosaic of transplanting in April 20 was less at the earlier stage,so brown spot was decreased effectively at the later stage. [Conclusion]In the suitable time,early transplanting improves yield and internal quality of tobacco leaves. The suitable transplanting time of flue-cured tobacco was April 20 in Lancang County.
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Abstract Regrowth of the root system of transplanted sod has become a major concern in turf production. Since nitrogen is used on most turf sod installations, the amount of nitrogen applied and the time of its application may have important effects on the regeneration of roots from sods. Re‐rooting of Merion Kentucky bluegrass sods given surface applications of N before transplanting, at the time of transplanting, and after transplanting to root observation containers in spring and summer was compared with that of sods given no N. Measurements included dry weights of roots grown from sods, rate of new root appearance, and color ratings. Applications of 98 and 293 kg/ha of N to the surface of Merion Kentucky bluegrass sod before transplanting and at the time of transplanting increased re‐rooting compared with sods given no N. Proper timing is important for the best use of N in root regrowth from sods. Applications of N dose to the time of transplanting were more beneficial to rerooting than applications at longer intervals before or after transplanting. N decreased the carbohydrate content of topgrowth of sods by 20 to 25% at 23 days after transplanting in the summer test compared with sods given no N. Increased root regrowth was associated with decreased carbohydrates of topgrowth of sods given N at 4 days before transplanting and at the time of transplanting, but this did not occur when N was applied 9 days after transplanting.
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The experiment was conducted to study the performance of Kukje self-propelled rice transplanter and to study the economic feasibility of mechanical transplanting method over manual transplanting method. Each of the transplanting method had three unit plots of sized 20 m x 10 m. The field efficiency and planting efficiency of the transplanter were 83.33% and 95%, respectively. Percent damaged (3.33%) and missing (5.33%) hills were higher in mechanical transplanting method and percent floating (4.33%) hill was higher in case of manual transplanting method. The average labor input in mechanical transplanting was 1.4 man-day/ha where 25 man-day/ha was in case of manual transplanting. The total production costs were 53612 tk/ha and 49304 tk/ha for manual transplanting and mechanical transplanting methods, respectively. Crop established with mechanical transplanting method resulted in higher average grain yield of 6.66 t/ha than manual transplanting method resulted average grain yield of 5.83 t/ha. The net return of manual and mechanical transplanting method were 42310 and 61080 tk/ha, respectively. The benefit cost ratios (BCR) were 2.24 and 1.78 for mechanical transplanting method and manual transplanting method, respectively. Kukje self-propelled rice transplanter should have break-even area coverage more than 10 ha/yr for economic transplanting. The above result showed that the mechanical transplanting method is more economic than the manual transplanting method. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v12i1.21406 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(1): 161-166, June 2014
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Effects of different transplanting methods in mechanized rice transplanting on grain yield and its components were studied.The result showed that the number of effective panicle and the unit yield were the highest in mechanized rice transplanting with 1.29cm2 area of grasping seedling,11.7cm plant spacing and 5mm planting depth.
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In order to explore the best transplanting method for tobacco in Linyi area,the effects of three methods of different transplanting such as down-film transplanting of the ′ Well-cellar′,down-film transplanting of the small seeding and the ordinary spring tobacco transplanting on the growth condition in field were studied through randomized block tests of Zhongyan 100.The results showed that compared with ordinary spring tobacco transplanting,down-film transplanting of the′Well-cellar′ and down-film transplanting of the small seeding were earlier than 13～16 d,tobacco seedling survival rate was improved,prolong the growth period of flue-cured tobacco in the field was prolonged for 4～8 d;agronomic characters of that downfilm transplanting of the ′Well-cellar′ and down-film transplanting of the small seeding were better than the ordinary spring tobacco transplanting,and had strong disease resistance,the disease incidence were relatively low.
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Determining the Best Planting Density in Mechanized Transplanting of Rice Compared to Manual Transplanting in Conditions of High Seedling Age
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