Unfolding the Types of Organizational Inertia in Information Systems Adoption
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Even though a company is willing to adopt an information system, there is often some organizational inertia associated with the adoption process. In this paper, we explore the types of inertia in IS adoption in the context of a specific business process. Drawing on seven case studies where inertia can be observed, we illustrate the inertia types found in earlier research and find indication for the existence of two new types of inertia: externality inertia and mimetic inertia.Keywords:
Externality
Recent empirical research on externalities from foreign direct investment (FDI) is engaged with the identification of externalities along the dimensions of industry and geographical space. In this paper I explore these externality dimensions in the context of estimating FDI externalities in regional Mexican manufacturing industries. The main findings indicate that the presence of FDI creates a variety of externality effects. Intraregional foreign participation creates negative intraindustry and positive interindustry externalities. Furthermore, the estimations identify negative intraindustry externalities across regions and positive spatial interindustry FDI externalities. In addition, the estimations identify three different regional characteristics that have a negative or positive effect on spatial externalities from FDI.
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Using the penal data of Chinese manufacturing industries from 2001 to 2008,this paper analyzes the influences,posed by the Marshallian externalities brought by specialized agglomeration and Jacob's externalities brought by diversified agglomeration,on the environmental and industrial coordination.It tries to find out the new policy-making support for ESER.The conclusion shows: both Marshallian externalities and Jacob's externalities show an reversed U curve with environmental technology efficiency;Marshallian externalities and Jacob's externalities both work on the environment and industrial coordination.Policy-makers should make use of the beneficial factors of two different externalities to realize ESER.
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Abstract This article examines the relationship between institutional externalities and an actor's ability to achieve their goals in the decision‐making forums that exist in polycentric governance systems. We argue that an actor's performance is largely a function of the transaction costs associated with participation in a variety of forums. Institutional externalities—instances where the decisions made in one forum impact another forum—may increase or decrease transaction costs in linked forums, subsequently impacting actor performance. Using survey data collected from forum participants in the California Delta and Tampa Bay watershed governance systems, we examine how the strength of perceived externalities generated between linked forums affects an individual's perceived performance in the forum receiving the externality. We find that externalities are prevalent in both systems, but have varying effects on performance. Externalities, on average, negatively impact actor performance in the California Delta, but neither increase nor decrease performance in Tampa Bay. Further analyses reveal that in both systems, the effect of externalities on performance in the externality‐receiving forum is largely conditional on their performance in the externality‐generating forum. Externalities are negatively associated with forum performance when actors exhibit low levels of performance in the externality‐generating forum. The negative effect is mitigated when actors exhibit higher levels of performance in the externality‐generating forum.
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Mining operations in Ghana and elsewhere have resulted in both positive and negative externalities in mining countries. Whilst the positive externalities have always been highlighted, not much attention has been paid to the negative externalities on mining communities despite several protestations from civil societies, NGOs and people living in mining areas. The impact of the negative externalities as manifested in health, social and environmental consequences have been borne by mining communities at huge cost. In the face of the consequences of the negative externalities, many have questioned whether CSR as a mechanism to address mining organizations’ negative impact on society should remain voluntary. This paper looks at the negative externalities of mining activities on communities and proposes that mining companies should internalise the cost of negative externalities arising out of their operations through CSR to avert future regulations of their impact on society. Keywords: Externalities, CSR, Mining, Investment, Cost
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Economics began to permeate through other disciplines in 1990s.This paper is trial to introducing externality,a concept in economics,into ideological and political education.The paper discusses the formation of externality of the behaviors of ideological and political education subjects,and the performance of positive externality and negative externality.
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Different amount of cultivated land reserved exists in different regions,from which the problem of the externality is discussed in this paper,focusing on the bad effect of externality on cultivated land protection, and proposals about externality rectification are put forward.
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Externality refers to the economic cost or benefit that is not reflected in price. Actions with positive externality are usually in shortage, while those with negative externality are often excessive. With the aid of the externality theory, we can deepen our understanding of the problem of excessive paperwork and meetings and can find out some possible solutions. The author of this paper thinks that hidden negative externality exists in excessive paperwork and meetings, and that bargaining and restriction by social criteria and moral rules might be feasible solutions for this problem.
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Based on differences of externalities’ reaches,rural environment problems are categorized into two major types: environment problems with weak externalities and those with strong externalities.These two types of environmental problems need to be managed through different approaches.The authors argue that rural environment problems with weak externalities should be solved by internal cooperation within small groups,while rural environmental problems with strong externalities should be solved by supervision that imposes outside rewards and punishments on small groups.
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As an effective way of resource allocation MA not only have an impact on companies' management that take part in the MA,but also create externality just like other economic behavior.In the paper,we mainly research the existence of externality in MA,externality's mpact on MA price and externality's explanation for the high premium in MA.
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Negative externalities are one of the main reasons for market failure. Negative externality rules are an important issue in public economics, and the economic efficiency in solving negative externalities is reflected in the costs and benefits in dealing with them. Through economic assumptions and cost-benefit analysis, we can seek the ways of optimizing the institutions for resolving externality problems.
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