Cultivar Identification in Olive Based on RAPD Markers
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One hundred and thirteen olive ( Olea europaea L.) accessions were characterized using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Forty-five polymorphic RAPD markers were obtained enabling us to distinguish 102 different RAPD profiles. The approximate estimation of the probability of obtaining the same RAPD profile for two different trees was between 6.75 × 10 -5 and 4.82 × 10 -14 . A dendrogram was constructed using Ward's minimum variance algorithm based on chi-square distances. This led to a more clear-cut classification of profiles than the classical approach of unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average. Twenty-four clusters of RAPD profiles were shown in Ward's dendrogram. Reliability of the dendrogram structure was checked using variance analysis. RAPD data exhibited an acceptable resolving power for cultivar identification. A combination of three primers was proposed for rapid molecular identification of cultivars in collections and in nurseries.Keywords:
Dendrogram
Olea
Identification
31 B.campestris L DNA samples from Jiangsu province were amplified with 20 random primers,312 RAPD alleles were obtained.There were 205 polymorphic alleles in the 312 RAPD alleles.The polymorphic rate was 65.7%.Using 312 marker alleles with UPMGA method,a dendrogram with 31 B.campestris L from Jiangsu province was constructed.Genetic distance among 31 varieties showed that the genetic distance between Nantong huangyoucai and Qingjiang dacaizi was the smallest,being 0.0577.The relationship between Nantong huangyoucai and Qingjiang dacaizi was the closest.RAPD dendrogram was consisted of two groups.GroupⅠ was made up of 5 varieties and Group Ⅱ was made up of 26 varieties.Genetic diversity index was analyzed using the RAPD band pattern.The result showed that the data of Shannon-Weaver index and Simpson index were consistent.
Dendrogram
Genetic distance
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Olea
Oleaceae
Olive trees
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One hundred and thirteen olive ( Olea europaea L.) accessions were characterized using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Forty-five polymorphic RAPD markers were obtained enabling us to distinguish 102 different RAPD profiles. The approximate estimation of the probability of obtaining the same RAPD profile for two different trees was between 6.75 × 10 -5 and 4.82 × 10 -14 . A dendrogram was constructed using Ward's minimum variance algorithm based on chi-square distances. This led to a more clear-cut classification of profiles than the classical approach of unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average. Twenty-four clusters of RAPD profiles were shown in Ward's dendrogram. Reliability of the dendrogram structure was checked using variance analysis. RAPD data exhibited an acceptable resolving power for cultivar identification. A combination of three primers was proposed for rapid molecular identification of cultivars in collections and in nurseries.
Dendrogram
Olea
Identification
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Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is a simple technique used for genetic analysis in many crops. The effectiveness of 45 RAPD primers were evaluated based on polymorphism information content (PIC) and marker index (MI) for their use in coconut. Among the RAPD primers, maker index ranged from 6.280 to 0.031. The primer OPBE 06 had the higher MI and accordingly other primers were ranked. Five, 10 and 15 primers were identified as informative primers. The dendrograms were constructed separately for informative primers and 45 primers using software NTSYS pc. The dendrogram obtained using 15 informative primers was comparable to that of 45 primers.
Dendrogram
Primer (cosmetics)
Cocos nucifera
Adulterant
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Objective: Genetic diversity among 12 species of Clematis L.were analyzed,and the result was the foundation information for identification of medicinal plants.Methods: Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)technique was used to analyze genetic diversity,and the dendrogram was constructed by UPGM.Results: Ten RAPD primers were selected to apply for random amplification.A total of 89 DNA bands were detected,all which were polymorphic.The dendrogram by using UPGM claimed that the differences among most of species were dominant,and the differences among different distribution site of the same species could be identified,however,it was not easy to identify the same species at the same site.Conclusion: RAPD markers was suitable for identification of species of Clematis.But whether it was used for phylogenetics was not sure.
Dendrogram
Clematis
Identification
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The genetic interrelationship among all the popular vegetable cowpea varieties cultivated in Kerala was investigated through morphometric, RAPD and SSR analyses. High polymorphism was observed in RAPD (88.0 per cent of bands were polymorphic) and SSR (80.0 per cent of bands were polymorphic) analyses. Dendrogram based on morphological parameters has divided the genotypes into two main clusters which truncated at 68.0 per cent similarity, with purple and green poded varieties segregating into separate clusters. Morphometric analysis was successful to group the varieties with determinate and indeterminate growth habits whereas, RAPD and SSR markers could not make a clear division. However, distinction was apparent between purple poded and green poded types and purple poded varieties viz Vyjayanthi and Varun exhibited high similarity with each other in SSR analysis (80.0 per cent) when compared to RAPD (77.0 per cent). Dendrogram of pooled data of SSR and RAPD analyses has revealed maximum similarity between Vyjayanthi and Varun (77.0 per cent).
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Similarity (geometry)
Genetic similarity
Genetic relationship
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Genetic relationships among 42 grape accession of at least 15 species were estimated and compared using RAPD and isozyme techniques. These accessions were either hybrids or wild collections of the Asiatic species, the American species, the European grape ( V. vinifera ), and muscadine grape ( V. rotundifolia ). A total of 196 RAPD fragments were generated from twenty 10-mer primers. The pairwise similarities among the accession ranged from 0.46 to 0.94. A dendrogram was generated based on the RAPD similarity coefficients. Species/accessions were basically grouped together in accordance with their geographic origins. The similarities and dendrogram resulted from the RAPD analysis were consistent with the ones generated from the isozyme data, and also consistent with the known taxonomic information. This result suggest that the RAPD method, like isozyme, is an useful tool for studying grape genetic relationship/diversity and origination.
Dendrogram
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Dendrogram
Genetic distance
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Six chickpea total DNAs were extracted by CTAB method and used for identification and cluster analysis was made based on RAPD method.Out of 113 random primers,7 were selected to generate stable and polymorphic DNA fragments.Total 29 RAPD fragments were amplified,16 of which were polymorphic.Each primer could generate 3 to 7 DNA fragments.The percentage of polymorphic loci was 55.17%.The results analyzed by DPS version software showed that Jaccard similarity coefficients ranged from 0.4286 to 0.8462,whose mean was 0.5416,indicating that the genetic variations existed among the six chickpea.A dendrogram was established,based on Hier archical cluster analysis could divide six chickpea cuhivars into 2 groups,among which there were some genetic relations.
Jaccard index
Dendrogram
Primer (cosmetics)
Similarity (geometry)
Genetic similarity
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