Identification and chromosomal locations of novel genes for resistance to powdery mildew and stripe rust in a wheat line 101-3
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Keywords:
Blumeria graminis
Stripe rust
Common wheat
Rust (programming language)
Stem rust
Stem rust
Secale
Common wheat
Puccinia
Rust (programming language)
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A major gene for resistance to wheat powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici = Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici) has been successfully transferred into hexaploid common wheat (Triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) from wild einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum subsp. aegilopoides, 2n = 2x = 14, AA). NC96BGTA5 is a germ plasm line with the pedigree Saluda × 3/PI427662. The response patterns for powdery mildew resistance in NC96BGTA5 were tested with 30 differential isolates of B. graminis f. sp. tritici, and the line was resistant to all tested isolates. The analyses of P 1 , P 2 , F 1 , F 2 , and BC 1 F 1 populations derived from NC96BGTA5 revealed two genes for wheat powdery mildew resistance in the NC96BGTA5 line. One gene, Pm3a, was from its recurrent parent Saluda, and the second was a new gene introgressed from wild einkorn wheat. The gene was determined to be different from Pm1 to Pm21 by gene-for-gene and pedigree analyses. The new gene was identified as linked to the Pm3a gene based on the F 2 and BC 1 F 1 populations derived from a cross between NC96BGTA5 and a susceptible cultivar NK-Coker 68-15, and the data indicated that the gene was located on chromosome 1A. It is proposed that this new gene be designated Pm25 for wheat powdery mildew resistance in NC96BGTA5. Three random amplified polymorphic DNA markers, OPX06 1050 , OPAG04 950 , and OPAI14 600 , were found to be linked to this new gene.
Blumeria graminis
Common wheat
Triticeae
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Powdery mildew,caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici(Bgt),is one of the most important diseases of common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide.Common wheat cultivar Brock introduced from UK is highly resistant(IT:0;) to powdery mildew prevalent isolate E09 at the seedling and adult plant stages in North China.Genetic analysis using an F2 segregating population and F2:3 lines,derived from a cross between susceptible common wheat lines Xuezao and resistant common wheat line 3B529(Jing 4117//Nongda 015/Brock,F6),indicated that a single dominant gene,temporarily designated MlBrock,was responsible for the resistance of 3B529.By bulked segregant and molecular marker analyses,three polymorphic SSR markers(Xcfd81,Xcfd78,and Xgwm159) and two SCAR markers(SCAR203 and SCAR112) were found to be linked to MlBrock.Among these markers,Xcfd81 and SCAR203 were cosegregated with MlBrock,and SCAR112,Xcfd78,and Xgwm159 were linked to MlBrock with genetic distances of 0.5,5.5,and 12.7 cM,respectively.According to the available physical bin mapping result of MlBrock cosegregated SSR marker Xcfd81 and SCAR203 in Chinese Spring,MlBrock was further located on chromosome bin 0-0.63 of 5DS.According to the infection-type of E09 Bgt isolate and mapping results,MlBrock might be powdery mildew resistance gene Pm2.The molecular markers developed in this study are useful for marker-assisted selection(MAS) and gene pyramiding of powdery mildew resistance genes in wheat breeding programs.
Blumeria graminis
Common wheat
Bulked segregant analysis
Marker-Assisted Selection
Molecular marker
Genetic Analysis
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The single genes in the cultivars Morocco and Yalta conditioning resistance to stem rust culture 103-H-2, a somatic hybrid between wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis tritici) and rye stem rust (P. graminis secalis) which possesses unusual genes for avirulence on wheat, were each located by monosomic analysis on chromosome 3B. They were estimated to be approximately 9 map units apart.
Stem rust
Puccinia
Common wheat
Rust (programming language)
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The relative tolerances of two lines of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum), B19909 and I-17-40 and one cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare), cv. Prisma infected by Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (syn. Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei) were investigated by growth analysis. Mildew development was assessed as percentage leaf area colonised, and by numbers of conidia produced. At all stages of plant growth, the percentage leaf area colonised by the mildew was slightly higher on the wild line B19909 than on cv. Prisma and much more than on the wild line I-17-40. When mildew was measured as conidial production, line B19909 was found to support more fungal biomass than cv. Prisma and cv. Prisma much more than line I-17-40.
Blumeria graminis
Erysiphe graminis
Hordeum
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Blumeria graminis
Common wheat
Bulked segregant analysis
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Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a destructive fungal disease of wheat throughout the world. Utilization of effective powdery mildew resistance genes and cultivars is considered as the most economic, efficient, and environmental-friendly method to control this disease. Synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW), which was developed through hybridization of diploid Aegilops and tetraploid wheat, is a valuable genetic resource for resistance to powdery mildew. SHW line YAV249 showed high levels of resistance to powdery mildew at both the seedling and adult stages. Genetic analysis indicated that the resistance was controlled by a single dominant gene, temporarily designated PmYAV. Bulked segregant analysis with wheat 660K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array scanning and marker analysis showed that PmYAV was located on chromosome 2AL and flanked by markers Xgdm93 and Xwgrc763, respectively, with genetic distances of 0.8 cM and 1.2 cM corresponding to a physic interval of 1.89 Mb on the Chinese Spring reference genome sequence v1.0. Sequence alignment analysis demonstrated that the sequence of PmYAV was consistent with that of Pm4a but generated an extra splicing event. When inoculated with different Bgt isolates, PmYAV showed a significantly different spectrum from Pm4a, hence it might be a new resistant resource for improvement of powdery mildew resistance. The flanked markers GDM93 and WGRC763, and the co-segregated markers BCD1231 and JS717/JS718 were confirmed to be easily performed in marker-assisted selection (MAS) of PmYAV. Using MAS strategy, PmYAV was transferred into the commercial cultivar Kenong 199 (KN199) and a wheat line YK13 was derived at generation BC3F3 from the population of YAV249/4*KN199 due to its excellent agronomic traits and resistance to powdery mildew. In conclusion, an alternative splicing variant of Pm4 was identified in this study, which informed the regulation of Pm4 gene function.
Blumeria graminis
Common wheat
Bulked segregant analysis
Genetic Analysis
Molecular marker
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Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is one of the most devastating diseases of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The wheat line 92145E8-9 is immune to Bgt isolate E09. Genetic analysis reveals that the powdery mildew resistance in 92145E8-9 is controlled by a single dominant gene, temporarily designated Ml92145E8-9. Bulked-segregant analysis (BSA) with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers indicates that Ml92145E8-9 is located on chromosome 2AL. According to the reactions of 92145E8-9, VPM1 (Pm4b carrier), and Lankao 906 (PmLK906 carrier) to 14 Bgt isolates, the resistance spectrum of 92145E8-9 differs from those of Pm4b and PmLK906, both of which were previously localized to 2AL. To test the allelism among Ml92145E8-9, Pm4b and PmLK906, two F2 populations of 92145E8-9 × VPM1 (Pm4b) and 92145E8-9 × Lankao 906 (PmLK906) were developed in this study. Screening of 784 F2 progeny of 92145E8-9 × VPM1 and 973 F2 progeny of 92145E8-9 × Lankao 906 for Bgt isolate E09 identified 37 and 19 susceptible plants, respectively. These findings indicated that Ml92145E8-9 is non-allelic to either Pm4b or PmLK906. Thus, Ml92145E8-9 is likely to be a new powdery mildew resistance gene on 2AL. New polymorphic markers were developed based on the collinearity of genomic regions of Ml92145E8-9 with the reference sequences of the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC). Ml92145E8-9 was mapped to a 3.6 cM interval flanked by molecular markers Xsdauk13 and Xsdauk682. This study also developed five powdery mildew-resistant wheat lines (SDAU3561, SDAU3562, SDAU4173, SDAU4174, and SDAU4175) using flanking marker-aided selection. The markers closely linked to Ml92145E8-9 would be useful in marker-assisted selection for wheat powdery mildew resistance breeding.
Blumeria graminis
Common wheat
Bulked segregant analysis
Marker-Assisted Selection
Molecular marker
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Blumeria graminis
Stripe rust
Common wheat
Rust (programming language)
Stem rust
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Citations (11)