Isomeric sugar effects on thermal phase transition of aqueous PNIPA solutions, probed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy; insights to protein protection by sugars
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Attenuated total reflection
Denaturation (fissile materials)
Attenuated total reflection
Denaturation (fissile materials)
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Thermal denaturation of whey protein solutions was investigated from a structural perspective utilising attenuated total reflectance – Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy ( ATR ‐ FTIR ). Solutions (100 g protein/L, pH 7) of commercial whey protein isolate ( WPI ) powders and enriched protein fractions of β‐lactoglobulin (β‐lg) and α‐lactalbumin (α‐la) were heat‐treated at temperatures of 50–90 °C. Subsequent analysis by ATR ‐ FTIR highlighted the structural changes occurring as a direct result of heat treatments. Molecularly, WPI dispersions exhibited pronounced differences in denaturation behaviour depending on their method of manufacture. ATR ‐ FTIR is an informative tool to discern the structural molecular interactions not apparent through physical analysis of concentrated ingredients.
Attenuated total reflection
Denaturation (fissile materials)
Whey protein isolate
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W. N. Haworth and C. R. Porter, J. Chem. Soc., 1930, 151 DOI: 10.1039/JR9300000151
Arabinose
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คราบอสจจดเปนพยานทางชวภาพอยางหนงทสำคญ และมกจะพบในสถานทเกดเหต ในคดขมขน หรอคดคกคามทางเพศ ในการศกษานใชเทคนค Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) ในการตรวจวเคราะหคราบอสจทอยบนพนผววสด 3 ชนด คอ กระเบองผวขรขระ สำลพนกาน และผาชนดตาง ๆ จาก IR spectrum ของคราบอสจทขดออกมาจากพนผวกระเบอง แสดงพคทเดนชดของ amide I และ amide II ในตำแหนงท 1700 cm -1 และ 1480 cm -1 และพคของหมฟอสเฟตในชวง 1245 cm -1 – 1080 cm -1 อยางไรกตาม IR spectrum ทไดรบจากคราบอสจทอยบนสำลพนกานและผาฝายชนดตาง ๆ จะเหนแคกลมของพค amide เทานน ในขณะทหมฟอสเฟตจะถกบดบงดวยพคของ C-O ซงมาจากสำลพนกานและผา ในกรณของผาสงเคราะหและผาลนน IR spectra ของผาทงสองมพคทเดนชดในชวง amide และฟอสเฟต แตเมอใชเทคนคการหกลบสเปกตรมกจะสามารถพบพคของ amide ในคราบอสจบนผาได และเทคนคนสามารถใชตรวจวด amide พค ของคราบอสจทเกบไวบนตวอยางไดถง 30 วน ผลการทดลองจากการศกษาครงนแสดงใหเหนวา เทคนค ATR-FTIR สามารถใชในการตรวจสอบเบองตนของคราบอสจบนพนผววสดทใชในการทดลองนได และยงสามารถนำไปประยกตใชในการตรวจสถานทเกดเหตได เนองจากเปนเทคนคทสะดวก รวดเรว และไมทำลายตวอยาง A seminal stain is an important biological evidence that may be found at the crime scene of sexual assault. In this study, the technique of Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was employed to the analysis of seminal stains on three types of substrate namely, ceramic tiles of coarse surface, cotton swab and fabrics. The IR spectrum of the dry sample scraped from the tile surface displayed the profound bands of amide I and amide II in the region of 1700 cm -1 and 1480 cm -1 and a peaks of phosphate groups in the range of 1245 cm -1 – 1080 cm -1 . However, in the IR spectra of the stained samples of cotton swabs and cotton fabrics only the amide peaks were clearly observed while the peaks of phosphates overlapped with the peaks of C-O groups of the substrates. In the case of synthetic fabrics and linen sample, the IR spectra exhibited predominantly the characteristic bands of functional groups in the substrates especially in the amide and phosphate regions. However, by using the subtraction technique on the spectra, the amide peaks can be observed in those spectra of the stained sample. The method can detect the amide peaks of the seminal stains in all samples that were kept for the period of 30 days. The results from this study have demonstrates that the ATR-FTIR technique can be used as a preliminary test for the presence of seminal stains on the materials studied. The technique can be applied to the analysis of crime samples. It is a convenient method and non-destructive.
Attenuated total reflection
Amide
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The most important Colombian coals were studied using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) Spectroscopy. The ATR-FTIR spectra were used to obtain structural parameters of coal and correlating these structural parameters with the rank of the coal. The structural parameters, methylene-methyl ratio (CH 2 /CH 3 ), aromaticity factor (f a ), aliphatic-aromatic ratio (H al /H ar ) were determined directly from the ATR-FTIR spectra and f a was evaluated from spectra data and an elemental analysis in coals studied here. The aliphatic and aromatic regions were considered between 3000 - 2800 cm -1 and 912 - 670 cm -1 , respectively.
Attenuated total reflection
Diffuse reflection
Methylene
Coal rank
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Infrared spectral analysis is a commonly used means to research the characteristics of mineral material. Attenuated total internal reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR -FTIR) is widely used dues to its advantages such as rapidness, non-destructiveness and micro region detection. This paper focuses on different areas of amber, copal resin, coated amber to further study its ATR-FTIR through the BRUKER LUMOS independent type infrared microscope. The result shows: the two infrared absorption spectrum which are 1 643 cm-1 due to stretching vibration of ν(CC) and 889 cm-1 due to deformation vibration of δ(arene C—H)are present in the amber originated in Dominica and Russia; the infrared absorption spectrum band lies at 1 300～925 cm-1 due to stretching vibration of ν(C—O) has a certain instruction significance for the origin of amber; the three absorption spectrum of 3 080 cm-1 which is due to dis-symmetry stretching vibration of νas(CH2), 1 643 and 887 cm-1 can be used as characteristic of copal resin and have identification significance; coated amber displays amber and artificial resin mixing infrared spectrum, which besides the characteristic infrared spectrum of amber, 760 and 702 cm-1 infrared spectrum are caused by out-plane bending vibration of γ(arene C—H) of resin. ATR-FTIR has important significance in the identification of cause, origin and enhancement varieties of amber.
Attenuated total reflection
Absorption band
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Attenuated total reflection
Miscibility
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The infrared spectral characteristics of three different types of disaccharides (trehalose, maltose, and sucrose) and four different types of monosaccharides (glucose, mannose, galactose, and fructose) in aqueous solutions with sodium chloride (NaCl) were determined. The infrared spectra were obtained using the FT-IR/ATR method and the absorption intensities respected the interaction between the saccharide and water with NaCl were determined. This study also focused on not only the glycosidic linkage position and the constituent monosaccharides, but also the concentration of the saccharides and NaCl and found that they have a significant influence on the infrared spectroscopic characterization of the disaccharides in an aqueous solution with NaCl. The absorption intensities representing the interaction between a saccharide and water with NaCl were spectroscopically determined. Additionally, the applications of MIR spectroscopy to obtain information about saccharide-NaCl interactions in foods and biosystems were suggested.
Monosaccharide
Glycosidic bond
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The attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectra of several aqueous solutions have been measured by using a newly developed heatable rod-type ATR cell. The OH stretching bands showed systematic change with increasing solute concentrations and these changes can be explained by four different OH components based on curve-fitting results. NaCl solutions show longer H-bond distance character, while carbonate solutions present shorter ones. The Na 2 CO 3 1 M solution conserves this shorter H-bond nature up to 100 °C. On the other hand, the loose nature of NaCl solutions becomes less pronounced at higher temperatures because of the dissociation of pure water clusters. These in situ observations of water structures are generally in agreement with the expected nature of fluids within the earth.
Attenuated total reflection
Liquid water
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The attenuated total refraction infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR)is an important experimental method,it greatly expands the application fields of infrared spectroscopy.Several kinds of polymer materials were analysed by ATR-FTIR.The infrared spectrum characteristic peaks can effecticely determine the type of polymer.Infrared spectroscopy can also be applied in the composition determination of the copolymer or blend.
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