Experimental analysis of the evaporation process for gasoline
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Light hydrocarbons low temperature aromatization to high octane gasoline over ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst
Effects of reaction temperature,space velocity and L/D of the reactor on low temperature aromatization of light hydrocarbon to high octane gasoline over ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst were investigated.The experimental results showed that reaction temperature and space velocity had remarkable influence on aromatization of light hydrocarbons.Aromatics yield increased with reaction temperature. Aromatics yield declined from 71.4% to 50.1% when space velocity was raised from 0.5 h~(-1) to(2.0 h~(-1)),and secondary reactions of aromatics decreased,too.High octane gasoline was obtained from light hydrocarbon over ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst under 450 ℃ and 1.0 h~(-1),with IBP of 49 ℃,FBP of 203 ℃,olefin content of 13.42%,and aromatics content of 84.24%.
Aromatization
Space velocity
Octane rating
ZSM-5
Light crude oil
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Fraction (chemistry)
Flash point
Mass fraction
Flash evaporation
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If the content of olefins in the petrol is high,it will cause serious environmental problems.While the heavy oil upgrading pipe reactor of FCC(Fluid Catalytic Cracking) is normally preserved to use,a gasoline upgrading pipe reactor is designed to refine the recycled crude petrol.Under the participation of catalyst for further reducing the content of olefins,the olefins in the recycled crude petrol can further crack into small molecular olefins which are components of liquefied petroleum gas;In addition,olefins in hydrogen transferring reactions may turn into alkyls;Meanwhile olefins themselves can become into aromatic hydrocarbon.As a result,the content of olefins in the petrol is reduced to 35% below.The improved petrol can remain high octane number due to the produced aromatic hydrocarbon have high enough octane number.When we take some effective measures to prevent aromatic hydrocarbon from condensation problems,the improvement of process for reducing the content of olefins in the petrol is satisfying.
Octane rating
Fluid catalytic cracking
Aromatic hydrocarbon
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Octane rating
Sample (material)
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Octane rating
Motor fuel
Oxygenate
Environmentally Friendly
Carbon fibers
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Two gasoline samples of octane numbers 91 and 95 from Saudi Arabia petrol stations were studied statically and dynamically. This study was achieved at three different temperatures 20 o C, 30 o C and 50 o C representing the change in temperatures of the different seasons of the year. Both the evaporated gases and liquid paraffinic including light aromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX) of gasoline samples inside the tank were subjected to analyze qualitatively and quantitatively via capillary gas chromatography. The stream composition of each gasoline sample was calculated by the combination of the liberated gases and the liquid gasoline fuel inside the car tank. The detailed hydrocarbon composition and the octane number of the studied gasoline samples were determined using detailed hydrocarbon analyzer. The idea of research is indicating the impact of light aromatic compounds in gasoline on the toxic effect of human and environment on the one hand, and on octane number of gasoline on the other hand. Although the value of octane number will be reduced but this will have a positive impact on the environment as a way to produce clean fuel.
Octane rating
BTEX
Aromatic hydrocarbon
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Two gasoline samples were collected from Saudi Arabia petrol station and subjected for studying their quality as liquid fuel. Gasoline samples were characterized and compared by studying their physicochemical properties such as average molecular weight, relative density, percent carbon, percent hydrogen, total oxygen content, and octane number. In addition, it was performed to study the group analysis and detailed hydrocarbon composition of automotive gasoline samples via gas chromatographic (GC) fingerprints as a practical method for quality detection.
Octane rating
Hydrocarbon mixtures
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