Cleaning up the mess: cell corpse clearance in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), a member of the phylum Nematoda, carries the evolutionarily conserved genes comparing to mammals. Due to its short lifespan and completely sequenced genome, C. elegans becomes a potentially powerful model for mechanistic studies in human diseases. In this mini review, we will outline the current understandings on C. elegans as a model organism for microRNA (miRNA)-related research in the pathogenesis of human diseases.
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Caenorhabditis elegans, a small free-living nematode worm, has been a particularlyuseful model organism for studying the genetics, behavior, and development of metazoan. The97Mb genomic sequence of C. elegans has been finished in 1998, more than 19 000 predicted geneshave been identified. This article reviews the progress in C. elegans genome research so far andthe influence of the project on life science.
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The small nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans, 1 mm in length) originally was introduced into the laboratory in 1965 by Brenner (1) and has since become an important model organism. Caenorhabditis elegans for a variety of reasons offers excellent conditions for the study of basic features of life (2). C. elegans is surrounded by a rigid cuticula, which is, however, completely transparent. The adult organism is composed of a constant number of somatic cells (959 in the adult hermaphrodite, 1031 in the adult male), of which the complete cell lineage during development is known in all details (3). Altogether, this makes C. elegans a very suitable model organism to approach fundamental problems in development and aging.
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Abstract Since its introduction as a laboratory organism 50 years ago, the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans has become one of the most widely used and versatile models for nearly all aspects of biological and genomic research. Many experiments in C. elegans begin with the generation and analysis of mutants that affect a specific biological process, so genetic techniques are the foundation of worm research. Many different aspects of biology are being studied in C. elegans , and three different recent Nobel Prizes have recognized six researchers working with worms. In addition, C. elegans was the first multicellular organism to have its genome sequenced, so many of the standard genomic methods have also been pioneered in C. elegans . In fact, many novel techniques and ideas are initially tested in C. elegans because of its versatility as a research organism. It is also appropriate for introducing undergraduate students to research, and some of its strengths and challenges for this purpose are discussed. © 2019 The Authors.
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Peptide hormones are conserved in living organisms to modulate homeostasis. To elucidate molecular mechanisms in the synthesis, secretion, and functions of peptide hormones, model organisms have been used. Caenorhabditis elegans, one of model organisms, is a good tool since: 1) genome size of the worm is small with over 40% homology to human genome, 2) numerous genetics methods are available, and 3) the worms are transparent throughout the life cycle, so that the secretion of peptide hormones can be followed at cellular level in living preparations by Green Fluorescent Protein tagged peptides. This review reports the structures, physiological functions, and secretion of insulin-like peptides, one family of peptide hormones, with our latest findings in the model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans.
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Abstract Genetic analysis in the small nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans has elucidated the mechanisms of many basic biological processes.
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The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an important, well-studied organism used in biomedical research as a model for human development, genetics, ageing, and disease. This paper reviews some basic information, recent progress and future challenges for functional genomics and bioinformatics in the area of alternative splicing. It also highlights the unique methodology adopted by us to study and to detect novel alternatively spliced transcripst from C. elegans genome. Keywords: Alternative splicing, Caenorhabditis elegans, gene/exon prediction, genome analysis.
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