Abstract A description is provided for Dilophospora alopecuri . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On culms, flowering shoots and leaves of grasses and cereals (wheat, oats, rye, barley). DISEASE: Twist of grasses. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Asia (India, Iraq, Pakistan), N. America (Canada, USA), Australia and New Zealand. TRANSMISSION: By splash-dispersed air-borne conidia during the growing season. Perennation by infected plant debris, soil and seed. Observations in the Netherlands (4, 140) and Russia (32, 415) led to the belief that nematodes ( Anguillulina spp.) were important vectors of the fungus, but evidence elsewhere shows that this is unlikely (8, 300; 13, 20; 14, 296).
Abstract A description is provided for Ramularia collo-cygni . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Glyceria grandis, Hordeum vulgare, Phalaris arundinacea, Triticum secalum (Triticale). DISEASE: Leaf and awn spot of Gramineae , especially winter and summer barley. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe: Austria. North America: Mexico, USA. TRANSMISSION: Wind and water dispersed.
Abstract A description is provided for Phaeocytostroma sacchari . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Saccharum spp. DISEASE: Rind disease and sour rot of sugarcane. Associated with a stalk rot of mature canes growing under unfavourable conditions; also on cuttings (setts) that have deteriorated after planting. Leaf sheaths and blades near the nodes may be infected resulting in premature yellowing and dessication. Conspicuous black pustules are developed on the shrivelled stalks which exude black, coiled, hair-like masses of conidia under moist conditions. The presence of the pathogen is a contributing factor to the inversion of sucrose in the stalks (Johnston, 1917; 1: 272). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Angola, Egypt, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Nigeria, Reunion, Rhodesia, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Tanzania, Uganda), Asia (Andaman Is., Burma, Borneo, Ceylon, China, Formosa (Taiwan), India, Indo-China, Japan, Java, Malaysia, Okinawa, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand), Australia & Oceania (Australia, Fiji, Hawaii, New Guinea, Tahiti); Europe (Portugal); North America (? Bermuda, Mexico, U.S.A.); Central America and the Carribean (Antigua, Barbados, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Nevis, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Tobago, Trinidad); South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, British Guiana, Colombia, Paraguay, Peru). (CMI Map 255, ed. 2, 1952 and Herb. IMI.) TRANSMISSION: The disease is spread principally by conidia carried by wind, rain or in irrigation water (Abbott et al. , 1964).
Abstract A description is provided for Phomopsis obscurans . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Fragaria chiloensis, Fragaria chiloensis var. ananassa, F. vesca, F. virginiana . DISEASE: Leaf blight of strawberry. Forming reddish-purple, almost circular lesions on older leaves and calyces which become elliptical or V-shaped when formed along veins, with the central portion drying out and turning brown. Delayed development of symptoms may lead to difficulties in distinguishing lesions in the field from those of leaf spot ( Mycosphaerella fragariae (Tul.) Lind.) and leaf scorch ( Diplocarpon earliana (Ellis & Everh.) Wolf). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Malawi, Mauritius, Rhodesia, Tanzania, Zambia); Asia (India, Nepal, Pakistan, U.S.S.R.); Australasia & Oceania (Australia, New Zealand, Tonga); North America (Canada, U.S.A.); South America (Argentina). TRANSMISSION: The pathogen overwinters as viable pycnidia in lesions on the old leaves which remain attached to the plant. Primary infection may occur early in the season by rain-splashed conidia.
The following in the Hyphomycetes are proposed: as new species Phaeostalagmus altissimus, P. arbusculus, Spadicoides catenulata, and S. constricta; a new genus Articulophora with type species A. varrispora, and a new combination Spadicoides aspera. Guedea novae-zelandiae and Rhinocladium dingleyae are new records for North America.
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