The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of S-ketamine (S-KET) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) - induced liver damage and oxidative stress, as well as to elucidate the related underlying mechanisms. Blood was collected to measure biochemical parameters (alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB) and γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT)) and the liver was harvested for histopathological analysis of enzymes related to the antioxidant response (malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX)). Liver cell apoptosis was evaluated using the TUNEL assay. In addition, the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway were detected by Western blot analysis to explore potential mechanisms. S-KET protected the liver from CCl4-induced damage. The changes to the liver biochemical parameters (increased ALT, AST, ALP, TB, and γ-GT) and oxidative stress-related indicators (increased MDA; depleted SOD, GSH, and GSH-PX) induced by CCl4 were inhibited by S-KET. S-Ket also inhibited CCl4-induced cell apoptosis, the changes in expression of related proteins, and blocked CCl4-induced liver injury and oxidative stress via activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. S-KET effectively protected the liver by inhibition of CCl4-induced damage via upregulation the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
Abstract Background Malaria causes major public health problems globally and drug resistance hinders its control and elimination. Molecular markers associated with drug resistance are considered as a beneficial tool to monitor the disease trends, evolution and distribution so as to help improve drug policy. Methods We collected 148 Plasmodium falciparum and 20 Plasmodium vivax isolates imported into Hangzhou city, China between 2014 and 2019. k13 gene of P. falciparum and k12 of P. vivax were sequenced. Polymorphisms and prevalence of k13 and k12 were analyzed. Results Most (98.65%, 146/148) P. falciparum infections were imported from Africa, and half P. vivax cases came from Africa and the other half from Asia. Nucleotide mutation prevalence was 2.03% (3/148) and the proportion of amino acid mutations was 0.68% (1/148). The amino acid mutation, A676S, was observed in an isolate from Nigeria. No mutation of k12 was observed from the parasites from African and Asian countries. Conclusions Limited polymorphism in k13 gene of P. falciparum isolates imported from African countries, but no evidence for the polymorphism of k12 in P. vivax samples from African and Asian countries was found. These results provide information for drug policy update in study region.
Sweet maize was stored under different temperatures(4,15 and 25 ℃),and the changes of relative enzymes were evaluated.When the temperature of storage was lower,the increase of malondialdehyde(MDA) content was lower,the activity of superoxidedismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT) and peroxidae(APX) was higher,the quality was kept better.
Sweet maize was stored at different temperatures(4,15 and 25 ℃),and the changes of quality were evaluated.The results showed that when the temperature of storage was lower,the sugar content was higher,respiratory capacity and weight loss were lower,and the quality was better.
Objective To observe the effects of Compound Roughhaired Holly Mixture clinical in the treatment of acute pharyngitis.Methods 137 patients with acute pharyngitis were randomly divided into two groups,with 85 in treatment group and 52 in control one.Then the therapeutic effects of the two therapies on the disease were observed carefully and compared with each other.Results In the treatment group,the curative rate was 78.82%,with the effective rate of 97.65%.In comparison between two groups the differences of effective rate were significant(P0.01,0.05).Conclusion Compound Roughhaired Holly Mixture is a very effective medicine for the treatment of acute pharyngitis.
There are a variety of recipe recommendation methods based on user's preferences, nutrition balance, or user's health condition. However, there is little study on recipe recommendation considering flavor preferences of regional cuisines, which is helpful for a restaurant to plan on launching dishes from other regions, and to be well received by the local people. Therefore, we propose a method to recommend a restaurant the dishes of other regions in terms of flavor similarity among the regional cuisines in China. Firstly, we quantify ingredient preferences of a regional cuisine by TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency) and then score the dishes of regional cuisines by ingredients preference. Secondly, the cosine theorem is used to compute the flavor similarities between regional cuisines. Thirdly, inspired by the Tidal-Trust algorithm, we compose the score of regional recipes and the flavor similarity between regional cuisines into a recommendation. Lastly, the top N dishes of other regions are recommended to a restaurant. The results of our questionnaire evaluation for the dishes recommended using the proposed method were that the mean satisfaction degree of two professional chefs is 77%, and the satisfaction degrees of 75 percent of the rest respondents are all above 70%.
Objective
To analyze the application and accuracy of the diagnostic test methods used in China from 2004 to 2014.
Methods
A search was conducted in Chinese Journal of Zoonoses, Chinese Journal of Epidemiology, Chinese Journal of Endemiology, Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases and Disease Surveillance for papers on diagnostic test methods for human brucellosis in China published from 2004 - 2014. Application data and the validity of the test methods were extracted from the included papers, merged and analyzed.
Results
One hundred and fifty-seven papers, published by 25 provinces, were included, containing up to 716 280 cases of samples, tested from 1954 - 2012 with 14 kinds of different diagnostic test methods. Standard tube agglutination test (SAT) was used in 256 050 cases, in 24 provinces; rose bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT), 224 699 cases, in 20 provinces; intradermic allergy test (CET), 184 787 cases, in 10 provinces; plate agglutination test (PAT), 33 018 cases; and Brucella strain was isolated in 7 provinces. The samples in each province were 114 031 in Henan, then, 104 287 in Inner Mongolia, and 93 484 in Zhejiang. The number of test methods used in each province was 9 in Zhejiang, 7 in Inner Mongolia, and 5 in Shandong and Heilongjiang, respectively. The agreement rate of gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) was 99.77% (9 811/9 834) controlled with SAT; PAT was 97.73% (86/88); double antigens sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAgS-ELISA) was 96.49% (110/114); RBPT was 94.55%(2 465/2 607); IgG ELISA was 86.38% (2 068/2 394); IgM ELISA was 76.23% (1 825/2 394); CFT was 69.17% (83/120); and CET was 56.36% (31/55).
Conclusions
SAT and RBPT are the most widely used test methods in China. Other tests are relatively less applied. GICA has good sensitivity and specificity, and easy to operate and can be applied in the field. The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA are not very high, but it can determine IgG and IgM levels, which has a certain reference value in diagnosis of chronic brucellosis.
Key words:
Brucellosis; Diagnostic tests, routine; Sensitivity and specificity; Systemic review
Objective
To assess the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) in suspected breast lesions.
Methods
A total of 97 patients with suspected breast cancer identified by clinical examination or screening underwent two-views CESM examination on the basis of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) combined with full-field digital mammography (FFDM), and they were finally confirmed by biopsy or pathology. Three senior radiologists analyzed images, including lesion visibility, lesion characteristics, enhancement type, degree of enhancement, BIRDS classification, etc. Finally, based on the pathology, we compared the CESM+DBT+FFDM and DBT+FFDM two models according to sensitivity, specificity and ROC for diagnostic performance.
Results
There were a total of 120 lesions. Eighty-nine lesions were malignant, 31 benign; CESM was not enhanced in 2 cases, mild enhancement was performed in 22 cases, moderately intensive in 15 cases, highly intensive in 81 cases, and 2 cases were not enhanced; mass-enhanced in 96 cases, including ring-enhanced in 12 cases, 22 cases of non-mass type. The sensitivities of the combination of CESM and not combination of CESM were 91.0% and 80.9%, respectively, and the specificities were 93.5% and 87.1%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve of combination of CESM was higher than the without combination of CESM (0.923 and 0.900, P<0.05), The difference was statistically significant.
Conclusion
For suspicious lesions, CESM examination can improve the diagnosis accuracy of breast cancer.
Key words:
Breast neoplasms; Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography; Digital breast tomosynthesis; Comparative study
Objective To investigate the urinary iodine level and thyroid function during different trimesters of pregnancy in Hangzhou residents and to provide evidence for monitoring iodine nutrition or screening thyroid function. Methods The urinary iodine level and thyroid function of 395 subjects from 5 hospitals in Hanzhou were investigated. The urinary iodine level was measured by arsenic-cerium contact process method. The serum TSH, FT3 and FT4 were measured by chemiluminescence method. Results (1) The urinary iodine median concentration during pregnancy in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters were 170.3, 170.2, 162.4 μ/L respectively, all significantly lower than that of non-pregnant women (251.9 μg/L, all P < 0.05); (2) The mean value of TSH during the 1st trimester of pregnancy was significantly lower than that of non-preguant women (P < 0.05). The mean values of FT4 and FT3 in the 2nd and the 3rd trimesters of pregnancy were significantly lower than those of the control (P < 0.05); (3) During 2nd trimester, there were 8.7% (9/104, in FT4) and 9.6% (10/104, in FT3) pregnant women below normal lower range while during 3rd trimester, these figures reached 22.7% (22/97) and 17.5% (17/97) resfectively. Conclusions More than half of the pregnant women in Hangzhou have good nutritional status of iodine. There are significant differences in thyroid hormone levels between the non-pregnant and pregnant women as well as between gestation periods. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a trimester-specific reference range of thyroid hormones for normal pregnancy. The screening for thyroid function is recommended for pregnant women besides monitoring routine urinary iodine.
Key words:
Pregnancy; Urinary iodine; Thyroid function
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