Utilisation of Organic Waste as Bioethanol Raw Material with Variation of Yeast Concentration (Saccharomycess Cerevisiae)
0
Citation
0
Reference
10
Related Paper
Abstract:
In the midst of demands to reduce dependence on fossil energy sources that are decreasing, this research was conducted as an effort to make bioethanol as an alternative energy source. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of yeast variation on pH and bioethanol content. This research was conducted using the method of Completely Randomised Design (CRD) factorial pattern involving one main factor, namely yeast variation with three replicates for each treatment. Parameters in this study are pH testing and bioethanol content. The best results of both peremeter is the best pH contained in the 3rd treatment with an average amount of 4.84, in testing the bioethanol content of the best value contained in the 3rd treatment with the amount of yeast 6 grams of ethanol content average 0.9%. It can be concluded that bioethanol content is influenced by yeast, distillation, and fermentation time. the higher the yeast, the higher the pH, alcohol density, and yield produced.Keywords:
Waste material
Biodegradable waste
The contribution of biofuels is expected to continuously increase in the global fuel market, as they are environmentally-friendly and provide renewable energy. Four generations of biofuels are categorized and are primarily based on their feedstock sources and the production technologies that are used. The influence of promising feedstock types and the availability on the production technologies and the fuel properties of advanced-generation biofuels are not systematically examined in the literature. Hence, this research extensively reviews the potential impact of feedstock sources and their variability on the production and characteristics of biofuels. The approaches of theoretical analysis and inference referred to relevant works in the literature were applied. The findings suggest that the potency of the commercialized mass production of advanced-generation biofuels is facilitated by a much more flexible selection and the sufficient availability of promising feedstocks. Lignocellulose biomass is recognized as the most significant feedstock source for second-generation biofuels, while microalgae do the same for third-generation biofuels. Moreover, the microalgae of some strains are able to produce the highest amount of bio-alcohol of all available feedstock sources. The cell walls of lignocellulose biomass and microalgae mostly consist of lignin compounds and cellulose materials, respectively. Biological pretreatment is considered to be the most promising process, prior to biofuel production. The biofuel yields from lignocellulose biomass and microalgae, using biological pretreatments, could increase by 120% and 22-159%, respectively, in comparison with those of any other pretreatment process. Moreover, more double bonds and larger unsaturated fatty acids in raw lipids cause the inferior oxidative stability, but superior fluidity of biofuel. The possible impact of Genetically-Modified Crops (GMC) on the eco-environment and human genes remains a serious concern and requires further tracking and analysis. Genetically-modified technology is still immature to achieve the expected characteristics of biofuels from those modified crops. The unceasing exploitation of promising biomass feedstock sources is crucial for the rapid and steady development of advanced-generation biofuels.
Cite
Citations (6)
Several kinds of wastes which can be used in the production of foamed rigid polyurethane are introduced. Experimental study has shown that to use waste polyester bottles as one of the raw (materials) is entirely possible.
Waste material
Cite
Citations (0)
Material consumption of production of building materials is determined by the amount of raw materials used for their production, to the total output. One of the ways to reduce material consumption is the use of industrial waste as the main raw material for the production of new construction products. Most of the waste generated as a result of the activities of enterprises are man-made raw materials for the production of products such as brick, lime, cement, etc.Given that man-made raw materials are similar to the natural composition and physical properties and even has a number of advantages (heat treatment, increased dispersion, etc.), the manufacture of building materials from it is usually profitable and justified [4, 5].
Co-processing
Waste material
Brick
Industrial waste
Building material
Industrial Production
Natural materials
Cite
Citations (2)
Recycling means re-introducing waste material into theproduction process, as addition to primary resources. The useof waste as secondary raw material is economically justified. Byusing old material not only primary raw material is saved, butenergy as well.The paper presents the most frequent materials, the ways inwhich they are collected, and subsequent classification. Thesorting procedures have been mentioned, with throughput capacityan imp01tant parameter expressed in tonnes per hour.The higher the throughput capacity, the better the effect of sorting.
Waste material
Tonne
Cite
Citations (0)
Lignocellulosic Biomass
Cite
Citations (25)
Plastic Waste
Waste Recycling
Waste material
Cite
Citations (0)
Biofuels have been considerably developed as a probable alternative resource of fossil fuel. In recent times, the continuously increasingdemand and prices of fossil fuel as well asclimate change, makes biodiesel and bioethanol as the only key target for future energy market especially in transportation sector.A large amount of biodiesel and bioethanol productions cost belongs to feedstock that makes it to be as an essential issue for the future of biofuel. The significance of feedstock will be increased while it derives from food feedstock.The purpose of this paper is to describe various type of biodiesel and bioethanol feedstock. Apart from that, this paper will also attempt to compare the biodiesel and bioethanol respect to feedstock.
Cite
Citations (0)
Additive manufacturing (AM) has become one of the most revolutionary technologies in the manufacturing sector. AM technology is playing a vital role in Industry 4.0 because of its distinct advantages over conventional manufacturing, such as the ability to manufacture complex shapes with high efficiency, reduced lead time, waste minimization, fast prototyping, and in-house production. With the advancement in the field of AM technology, the size and cost of the printing machines are reduced; hence these techniques are becoming popular in various sectors like automobiles, aerospace, lab prototyping model, architectural models, printing electronics, and construction industry. Despite the recent research and developments in AM technology, there is still demand for improvements in feedstock materials and methods to match with the traditional manufacturing technologies for mass production. Manufacturing industrial waste, such as metal scrap and packing materials, is one of the biggest challenges for efficient production and environmental protection. Thus, the recycling of industrial waste as potential feedstock material for AM technology to produce useful products is highly desirable. This chapter provides an overview of the recycling and utilization of metallic and polymer waste as feedstock materials via AM technology.
Waste material
Cite
Citations (0)
The article discusses the possibility of using industrial waste and mineral raw materials in the Murmansk region to create new heat-insulating materials that contribute to energy saving in the Far North. Optimal conditions were established and compositions were determined for the production of foam silicates based on silica-containing waste.
Waste material
Cite
Citations (0)
Higher protection category luminaires for special areas of application cannot be designed by relying on a single family of polymer materials alone. Frequently design combinations of duroplastic, thermoplastic and elastomer materials are used. Environment aspects in connection with the worldwide shortage of raw materials in consideration of the crude oil raw material are important parameters when it comes to the development of new equipment. For synthetic materials waste, well proven material, raw material and energy-wise recycling alternatives are available.
Economic shortage
Thermoplastic elastomer
Waste material
Cite
Citations (0)