Serine Rejuvenated Degenerated Volvariella volvacea by Enhancing ROS Scavenging Ability and Mitochondrial Function
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Serine is a functional amino acid that effectively regulates the physiological functions of an organism. This study investigates the effects of adding exogenous serine to a culture medium to explore a feasible method for the rejuvenation of V. volvacea degenerated strains. The tissue isolation subcultured strains T6, T12, and T19 of V. volvacea were used as test strains, and the commercially cultivated strain V844 (T0) was used as a control. The results revealed that the addition of serine had no significant effect on non-degenerated strains T0 and T6, but could effectively restore the production characteristics of degenerated strains T12 and T19. Serine increased the biological efficiency of T12 and even helped the severely degenerated T19 to regrow its fruiting body. Moreover, exogenous serine up-regulated the expression of some antioxidant enzyme genes, improved antioxidase activity, reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lowered malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and restored mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and mitochondrial morphology. Meanwhile, serine treatment increased lignocellulase and mycelial energy levels. These findings form a theoretical basis and technical support for the rejuvenation of V. volvacea degenerated strains and other edible fungi.Keywords:
Volvariella volvacea
Malondialdehyde
Lentinula
Pleurotus eryngii
Volvariella volvacea
Agaricus bisporus
Pleurotus ostreatus
Edible mushroom
Pleurotus
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The effect of pH and temperature variations on the growth of Volvariella volvaceacultivated on various agricultural wastes singly and in various combinations was studied. A pH range of 5.5 to 8.5 recorded the maximum mycelia yield and the highest mycelia weight was recorded at pH 6.5. The mycelia yield decreased at pH above 6.5 while poor mycelia growth of the mushroom and the least mycelia weight was recorded at pH 2.0. High mycelia growth of the mushroom was also observed between 25°C and30°C with the highest mycelia dry weight of 80.0 mg obtained at 30°C, and the least mycelia dry weight of 0.5 mg obtained at 10°C. The use of these wastes in mushroom cultivation enhances the biological recycling of nutrients.
Key words: Agricultural wastes, temperature, pH, Volvariella volvacea.
Volvariella volvacea
Dry weight
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The objective of this study was to improve the seed production of Volvariellavolvaceain Daloa(central-west Cote dIvoire). Tissue fragments were cultured on PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar)medium for the production of mycelium. Once the mycelium was obtained, it was inoculated into jars containing pre-cooked cereals (maize, sorghum) and legumes and sterilized (at 121°C). When the jars are completely covered with mycelium, the different parameters are measured. The results obtained showed that the mycelium of Volvariellavolvaceacan propagate on PDA medium, legumes and also cereals. The seed production of Volvariellavolvaceais susceptible to contamination. Results after 10 days of incubation showed that the mycelium grows best on the following substrates: sorghum (14.1 cm), soybean (13.4) and bean (12.9 cm). Corn showed low values (6.3 cm) for mycelial growth.
Volvariella volvacea
Potato dextrose agar
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Pleurotus
Edible mushroom
Volvariella volvacea
Aqueous extract
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Abstract Leading the palm oil industry, Malaysia strives to become the powerhouse of palm oil producers. However, it is crucial that the industry does not influence the environment negatively in any way. Thus, reusing and repurposing palm oil residues in mushroom farming is one of the potential solutions for agricultural waste management. In this study, the objective of this study is to determine the mycelial performance of V. volvacea in palm oil empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibre as substrate and to evaluate the mycelial growth performance of V. volvacea in two different substrate treatment. The substrate treatment involved the non-treated EFB fibres (N substrate) and EFB fibres treated with 10% Calcium Carbonate (CaCO 3 ) (T substrate), and mycelium treatment involved in gamma-irradiated mycelium (G sample) and non-irradiated mycelium (NG sample). Results shows that mycelium inoculated on treated EFB fibres exhibited a higher growth rate compared to non-treated EFB fibres. The full colonization days of mycelial run-on substrate using treated substrate was found reduced from 15 days to 9 days, as compared to the non-treated substrate. However, gamma irradiated mycelium was found giving no significant changes to the rate of mycelial run. In conclusion, substrate treated with CaCO 3 , increased the growth of mycelium. In future, it is suggested to measure the effect of irradiation using different gamma irradiation exposure.
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Volvariella volvacea (Family: Plutaceae), also more commonly known as paddy straw mushroom, is an edible mushroom with high nutritional content. It is usually cultivated using lignocellulosic-based materials for enhanced production. However, V. volvacea is highly perishable and easily deteriorates in terms of quality and appearance after harvest. The present paper thus aimed to provide a critical review on aspects related to the production of V. volvacea using palm oil empty fruit bunch as cultivation substrate. The different stages of V. volvacea development are also highlighted. The present review also provides some information on the preservation techniques and appropriate postharvest management in extending V. volvacea shelf life to further boost the paddy straw mushroom industry.
Volvariella volvacea
Pleurotus
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The cultivation experiment of Volvariella volvacea indicated That different kinds of Nitrogen source in cultivation Materials would make the Biological efficiency of Volvariella volvacea increased 10.6%～18.7%,And it was demonstrated in our tests that the harvesting time of Volvariella volvacea was shorted 2 days.It also showed that the Volvariella volvacea yield could increase obviously by covering on cultivation Materials.
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Key features associated with the cultivation of Volvariella volvacea, the edible straw mushroom, in a modern Chinese cultivation facility are described. Our current understanding of the biochemistry and molecular biology of V. volvacea cellulases and laccases, and the evidence supporting important roles for these enzymes in substrate utilization and fruit body development, is presented. Problems arising from low temperature-associated autolysis of the mushroom mycelium and fruit body and changes in gene expression that occur in V. volvacea mycelium during cold shock are detailed and analyzed. Various bioactive components isolated from V. volvacea are identified and ascribed medicinal properties reviewed.
Volvariella volvacea
Edible mushroom
Autolysis (biology)
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The effect of pH and temperature variations on the growth of Volvariella volvacea cultivated on various agricultural wastes singly and in various combinations was studied. A pH range of 5.5 to 8.5 recorded the maximum mycelia yield and the highest mycelia weight was recorded at pH 6.5. The mycelia yield decreased at pH above 6.5 while poor mycelia growth of the mushroom and the least mycelia weight was recorded at pH 2.0. High mycelia growth of the mushroom was also observed between 25°C and 30°C with the highest mycelia dry weight of 80.0 mg obtained at 30°C, and the least mycelia dry weight of 0.5 mg obtained at 10°C . The use of these wastes in mushroom cultivation enhances the biological recycling of nutrients.
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Dry weight
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We used waste cotton?cottonseed shell?rice straw and wheat straw as culture media and cultured the volvariella volvacea.The result showed that the hyphae of volvariella volvacea grew the fastest and the output was the highest in the waste cotton(the biological efficiency was 32.02%).But in the wheat straw the hyphae of Volvariella Volvacea grew the slowest and the output was the lowest(The biological efficiency was 8.82%).So we could think that the waste cotton was the best medium for the growth of volvariella volvacea.
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