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    Novel transparent high-entropy sesquioxide ceramics with high physicochemical plasma etching resistance
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    Abstract:
    High-entropy ceramics exhibit novel intrinsic properties. Hence, they have been explored for a wide range of applications ranging from thermal insulation and energy storage to advanced optical components. Recently, the semiconductor industry has faced a demand for higher-performance chips, necessitating higher aspect ratios in wafer fabrication and further miniaturization of linewidths. Therefore, there is a need to develop novel materials exhibiting high plasma etching resistance and minimized contaminant generation. The plasma-etching resistance displayed by high-entropy ceramics can an innovative solution to this emerging challenge. In this study, we successfully fabricated single-phase high-entropy sesquioxide ceramics with high optical transparency, dense microstructure, and minimal residual pores. A structural analysis of the fabricated samples revealed a single-phase structure with excellent phase homogeneity. An evaluation of the plasma-etching resistance of high-entropy ceramics for the first time revealed a low etching rate of 8 nm/h compared to conventional plasma-resistant materials. These comprehensive characterizations of high-entropy ceramics indicate that they are promising candidates for significantly improving the production yield of semiconductors and for a wide range of potential applications, such as next-generation active optical ceramics.
    Keywords:
    Sesquioxide
    Transparent ceramics
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    Transparent ceramics
    Opacity
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    The effect factors on transmittance of transparent ceramics were summarized in this paper. Some important transparent ceramics such as infrared ceramics,laser ceramics and scintillator ceramic were introduced and the developing trends were overviewed briefly.
    Transparent ceramics
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    Transparent ceramics
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    Transparent sesquioxide ceramics, e.g. Y2O3 and Sc2O3 are being developed as alternatives to yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) for high-power solid-state laser systems. In this work, we present the synthesis of these sesquioxide nanopowders by precipitation techniques and the subsequent processing of these nanopowders into sub-micron transparent ceramics using a modifying two-step sintering approach. These transparent ceramics exhibited equivalent transparency to that of analogous single crystals. The microhardness and fracture toughness of the modified two-step sintered ceramic exceeded those of conventionally sintered ceramic by 25% and 70%, respectively.
    Sesquioxide
    Transparent ceramics
    Citations (6)
    Abstract Tm 3+ ‐doped mixed sesquioxide transparent ceramics are attractive candidates for the generation of robust ~2.1 μm lasers. In this paper, laser‐quality Tm:(Lu 0.8 Sc 0.2 ) 2 O 3 mixed sesquioxide ceramics were shaped for the first time by gelcasting of well‐dispersed nanopowders, which were obtained using a modified coprecipitation method. The dispersibility of starting nanopowders was largely improved using alcohol‐water solvent. The rheological properties of slurries were optimized for gelcasting. We also investigated the densification behavior of the gel‐casted green compacts. In contrast to the dry‐pressing route, it was found that gelcasting could yield more homogeneous and transparent ceramics. The optical in‐line transmittance of the ceramic rod 12 mm in length was as high as 80.3% at 2090 nm. Upon pumping the ceramic rod by 796 nm diode laser, a 1.88 W CW laser at 2090 nm was acquired with a slope efficiency of 24.6% (with respect to the input pump power).
    Sesquioxide
    Transparent ceramics
    Nanoceramic
    Coprecipitation
    Slope efficiency
    Citations (16)