Co-sintered ceramic membranes for separation applications: Where are we and where to go?
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Ceramic membrane
Ultrafiltration (renal)
Abstract A novel concept for the preparation of multiphase composite ceramics based on demixing of a single ceramic precursor has been developed and used for the synthesis of a dual‐phase H 2 ‐permeable ceramic membrane. The precursor BaCe 0.5 Fe 0.5 O 3− δ decomposes on calcination at 1370 °C for 10 h into two thermodynamically stable oxides with perovskite structures: the cerium‐rich oxide BaCe 0.85 Fe 0.15 O 3− δ (BCF8515) and the iron‐rich oxide BaCe 0.15 Fe 0.85 O 3− δ (BCF1585), 50 mol % each. In the resulting dual‐phase material, the orthorhombic perovskite BCF8515 acts as the main proton conductor and the cubic perovskite BCF1585 as the main electron conductor. The dual‐phase membrane shows an extremely high H 2 permeation flux of 0.76 mL min −1 cm −2 at 950 °C with 1.0 mm thickness. This auto‐demixing concept should be applicable to the synthesis of other ionic‐electronic conducting ceramics.
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The paper presents the effect of sintering temperature on the physical properties of porous hydroxyapatite (HAp In this study, the HAp was prepared using polymeric sponge techniques with different binder concentrations. The sintering process was carried out in air for temperature ranging from 1200 degrees C to 1600 degrees C. Different physical properties namely density and porosity were observed at different sintering temperatures. The HAp prepared with higher PVP binder showed a slightly decreased in apparent density with increasing sintering temperature, while those HAp prepared with lower PVP showed a slightly increase in apparent density with increasing sintering temperature. The total porosity was found to be approximately constant in the whole sintering temperature range. However, closed porosity decreases with increasing sintering temperature for HAp prepared by lower binder concentration. On the other hand, the HAp prepared by higher binder concentrations showed increasing closed porosity with increasing sintering temperature. Other features such as the influence of sintering temperatures on grain and strut would also be presented in this paper.
Atmospheric temperature range
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Ultrafiltration (renal)
Pasteurization
Ceramic membrane
Membrane Fouling
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Cross-flow filtration
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Ceramic membrane
Ultrafiltration (renal)
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普通流动和 sintering 相配矿石的 Sintering 特征例如矿化作用能力，液体产生能力，巩固力量，被检验在 sintering 掌握流动的行为和效果。基于基本研究，泉华壶测试被执行获得优化泉华流动结构的原则。当 sintering 相配矿石与石灰质的流动结合了，结果证明强壮的矿化作用能力，液体阶段产生能力，和巩固力量被获得，当当 sintering 相配矿石与镁的流动结合了，相对差的 sintering 特征被获得时。高反应的生石灰应该被使用像一样在 sintering 混合可能。当生石灰被使用而不是石灰石，它在 sintering 混合的适当比例在 4wt% 附近时，它到达了更好的 sintering 结果。在保证 MgO 内容的房屋上，白云石数量应该被减少，并且为白云石的生石灰的替换引起了更好的 sintering 结果。颗粒度蛇应该与比 2 公里小的一种合适的尺寸被精制。划分增加方法的申请与生石灰的 30wt% 和燃料的 70wt% 带了最好的 sintering 表演。
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In this paper, a typical Li‐ and Ta/Sb‐modified alkaline niobate‐based ceramics prepared by conventional sintering and two‐step sintering were investigated in terms of their phase transition behaviors and various properties. The phase structures of the ceramics sintered by conventional sintering shifted remarkably from a polymorphic phase transition (PPT) to a tetragonal symmetry with the increase of sintering temperature. However, the ceramics sintered by two‐step sintering maintained PPT over a wide sintering temperature range. Similar to that, the various properties of the ceramics sintered by conventional sintering are strongly dependent on sintering temperature and the ceramics with good properties can only be obtained in a narrow sintering temperature range, while the ceramics with excellent properties were obtained by two‐step sintering over a wide sintering temperature range. The results indicate that two‐step sintering is an effective way to broaden the sintering temperature range of (K, Na)NbO 3 ‐based ceramics.
Atmospheric temperature range
Tetragonal crystal system
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This paper studies on the sintering-sintering series process of the bauxite(A/S = 4～6).It shows that the optimum condition for the sintering-sintering series process's first stage sintering is when alkali ratio is 1.2,sintering temperature is(1 100)℃ and sintering time is 40 minutes.While the optimum condition for the sintering-sintering series process's second stage sintering is when calcium ratio is 2.25,sintering temperature is(1 200)℃ and sintering time is 20 minutes.In this process,the lixiviating rate of the bauxite totals is up to 98.05%,total consumption of alkali in chemical reaction is 11.59 kg per ton alumina.
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Nanofiltration
Ultrafiltration (renal)
Nanoporous
Membrane Technology
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