PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS DASIPHORA MANDSHURICA DEPENDING ON THE PHASE DEVELOPMENT
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Results of seasonal changes of phenolic compounds are presented in the article for leaves of Dasiphora mandshurica grown in culture of the south of the Amur Region. The phenolic compounds were analyzed by the method of a high-performance liquid chromatography. Six glycosides of flavonol (hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin, avicularin, quercitrin, astragalin), two aglycones (quercetin and rhamnetin) and tannins (ellagic acid and its glycoside) were found. It was found that phenolic composition of D. mandshurica is constant, but the changes of qualitative composition occur at the expense of minor compounds. The largest number of phenolic components (25) was established in stage the period of bud swelling of the leaf buds and periods of beginning and the mass of a blossoming. A higher total content of phenolic compounds in leaves of D. mandshurica was established in the stages the period of full isolation of leaves (35.3 mg/g), of total aglycones – in the period of ending of a blossoming (0.48 mg/g), and of total flavonols – in the period of mass blossoming (22.2 mg/g). Quercetin, kaempferol, rhamnetin glycosides were found in all stages of development. The largest glycosides of flavonol were found in the phases of the vegetation, budding and blossoming, and aglycones (quercetin and rhamnetin) at the beginning of vegetation and the ending of a blossoming. A fact of contrariety of the dynamics of accumulation of glycosides and their aglycones was revealed. A higher content of most individual phenolic compounds was found as in young leaves in the vegetation and budding, so in mature leaves in the blossoming phase. Avicularin and hyperoside are the predominant glycosides during the growing season. A higher content of the tannins was established in young leaves, ellagic acid dominated in the phase of the vegetation whereas ellagic acid glycoside was the predominant in the phase of the budding.Keywords:
Hyperoside
Quercitrin
Astragalin
Flavonols
It is well known, that grapevine seeds are rich in significant antioxidants. However, the issue of dealing with the analysis and comparison of antioxidant components in the seeds of Vitis vinifera L. in individual cultivars has not yet been sufficiently studied. The experiment was performed with extracts of three varieties (Blaufränkish, Italian Riesling and Cabernet Moravia) and three interspecific cultivars (Nativa, Marlen and Kofranka). Contents of nine major flavonoids (apigenin, astragalin, hyperoside, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, quercitrin and rutin) and two procyanidins (procyanidin A2 and procyanidin B1) were assessed by the HPLC/MS method. The highest contents of antioxidants were found out in interspecific cultivars Marlen and Nativa while the lowest one was assessed in the cultivar Cabernet Moravia. The most represented flavonoid was hyperoside (cultivar Marlen – 15.66 mg∙l–1), least represented was kaempferol (cultivar Cabernet Moravia – 1.81 μg∙l–1).
Hyperoside
Astragalin
Quercitrin
Myricetin
Isorhamnetin
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Abstract The flavonols quercetin‐3‐glucoside ( iso quercitrin), kaempferol‐3‐glucoside (astragalin), quercetin‐3‐rhamnoglucoside (rutin), kaempferol‐3‐rhamnoglucoside, quercetin‐3‐rhamno‐diglucoside, and kaempferol‐3‐rhamnodiglucoside, previously isolated and characterized in Japanese green teas, have also been detected in unprocessed tea‐leaf and black tea from North East India. From the latter sources two glycosides of myricetin, tentatively identified as the 3‐glucoside and 3‐rhamnoglucoside, have also been isolated.
Flavonols
Astragalin
Quercitrin
Myricetin
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It has been shown recently that a flavonoid fraction (fraction II) obtained from a crude extract of Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort) was remarkably active in the forced swimming test (FST). Fraction II was further separated using MLCCC to give fractions IIa and IIb. Both fractions proved to be active in the FST at different dosages. Further separation of fraction IIa by preparative HPLC yielded fraction IIa1 which mainly was composed of hyperoside, isoquercitrin, miquelianin and quercitrin, and fraction IIa2 which contained small amounts of hyperoside and astilbin, while most compounds were not known. Both fractions were active after acute treatment in the FST. Isolates obtained from these fractions including hyperoside, isoquercitrin, quercitrin, miquelianin, the aglycone quercetin and astilbin, were tested for activity in the FST. Except for quercetin, quercitrin and astilbin all compounds were active. To exclude false positive results in the FST the validity was checked in open field experiments and in the FST after 12 days of daily treatment.
Hypericum
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Results of seasonal changes of phenolic compounds are presented in the article for leaves of Dasiphora mandshurica grown in culture of the south of the Amur Region. The phenolic compounds were analyzed by the method of a high-performance liquid chromatography. Six glycosides of flavonol (hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin, avicularin, quercitrin, astragalin), two aglycones (quercetin and rhamnetin) and tannins (ellagic acid and its glycoside) were found. It was found that phenolic composition of D. mandshurica is constant, but the changes of qualitative composition occur at the expense of minor compounds. The largest number of phenolic components (25) was established in stage the period of bud swelling of the leaf buds and periods of beginning and the mass of a blossoming. A higher total content of phenolic compounds in leaves of D. mandshurica was established in the stages the period of full isolation of leaves (35.3 mg/g), of total aglycones – in the period of ending of a blossoming (0.48 mg/g), and of total flavonols – in the period of mass blossoming (22.2 mg/g). Quercetin, kaempferol, rhamnetin glycosides were found in all stages of development. The largest glycosides of flavonol were found in the phases of the vegetation, budding and blossoming, and aglycones (quercetin and rhamnetin) at the beginning of vegetation and the ending of a blossoming. A fact of contrariety of the dynamics of accumulation of glycosides and their aglycones was revealed. A higher content of most individual phenolic compounds was found as in young leaves in the vegetation and budding, so in mature leaves in the blossoming phase. Avicularin and hyperoside are the predominant glycosides during the growing season. A higher content of the tannins was established in young leaves, ellagic acid dominated in the phase of the vegetation whereas ellagic acid glycoside was the predominant in the phase of the budding.
Hyperoside
Quercitrin
Astragalin
Flavonols
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Objective The purpose is to determine the content of hyperoside and quercitrin in Hout-tuynia cordata. Method The HPLC method was used to determine the content of hyperoside and quercitrin in Houttuynia cordata. The analysis was carried out on Shimadzu C18 column(150 mm×4. 6 mm,5 μm). The mobile phase was MeOH-0. 2%H3PO4 (45:55). Flow-rate was1. 0 mL. min-1. Wave-length was 350 nm. Temperature was room temperature. Result The method was simple and had a good linear relationship. The liner range of hyperoside is 0. 50-2. 50 μg and gave a correlation (r) of 0. 999 8. The recovery was 102. 47%. RSD was 1. 04%. The liner range of quercitrin is 0. 40-2. 00 μg and gave a correlation (r) of 0. 999 6. The recovery was 97. 92%. RSD was 2. 13%. Conclusion The method was easy to determine the content of hyperoside and quercitrin in Houttuynia cordata.
Quercitrin
Hyperoside
Houttuynia cordata
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以上述べた茶葉フラボンに関する成果を要約すれば次の通りである. 1. 2次元ぺーパークロマトグラフによる分析の結果,茶葉中には約23種類のフラボン類が存在し,其の中9種類はkaempferolを,残りはquercetinをアグリコンとする. 2. カラムクロマトグラフ及びクロマトパイルを用いる事により次の11種類のフラボン類を分離決定した,即ち, i. kaempferol, ii. quercetin, iii. quercitrin, iv. astragalin, v. isoquercitirin, vi. kaempferol-3-rhamnoglucaside, vii. rutin. viii. kaempferol-3-rhamnodiglucoside. ix. quercetin-3-rhamnodiglucoside, x. kaempferol-triglucoside, xi. quercetin-triglucoside 3. 以上フラボン類中iv以下の配糖体は水溶性に富み,緑茶及び紅茶の水色の主因をなすものであり,これらの全量は定性的には ix>vii>viii>x>v>xi>vi>iii>iv>ii>i であり,特にix及びxの含量が極めて大きい.
Astragalin
Quercitrin
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Daily changes in the composition and content of phenolic compounds in the aerial parts Potentilla fruticosa L., growing in culture of the Novosibirsk Region, using the method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was investigated. Six glycosides of flavonol (hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin, avicularin, quercitrin and astragalin), two aglycones (quercetin and kaempferol) and tannins (ellagic acid and its glycoside) were identified. Established that phenolic composition of P. fruticosa is the time of day remains constant. The highest total content of phenolic compounds in the leaves (28–29 mg/g of absolutely dry solid matter) and stems (4–4,5 mg/g) of P. fruticosa found in the evening and at night. In the flowers, in contrast, the maximum content of phenolic compounds was observed in the middle of the day (42 mg/g). The level of variability of the total content of phenolic compounds was evaluated as the lowest for leaves and flowers (СV = 10–11%). It was found a threefold increase in free aglycones - quercetin and kaempferol in the leaves with 3 to 6 o'clock in the morning on the background of reduction of the relevant glycosides in 1,5–2,5 times. Maximum accumulation of glycosides of quercetin and minimum content of free quercetin in flowers was observed at 12 o'clock. It is shown predominant accumulation of ellagic compounds quercitrin, component 10, hyperoside, isoquercitrin and rutin in the leaves in the evening and at night, in the flowers – in the middle of the day. The level of variability content of most of the individual components in the above-ground organs of P. fruticosa during the day was estimated as high (СV ≥ 21%).
Hyperoside
Quercitrin
Astragalin
Potentilla
Ellagic Acid
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OBJECTIVE To determine the content of hyperoside and quercitrin in the seeds of Cuscuta chinensis. METHODS The HPLC method was used to determine the content of hyperoside and quercitrin from seeds of Cuscuta chinensic . The analysis was carried out on Shimadzu C_~18 column(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm), with MeOH-0.05%H_3PO_4 (45∶55) as mobile phase.flow-rate of 1.0 ml·min~-1 and wave-length at 350 nm.at room temperature. RESULTS The liner range of hyperoside and quercitrin were 0.50-2.50 μg and 0.40-2.00 μg,with a correlation(r) of 0.9998 and 0.9996.The recovery was 95.90% with RSD of 0.93%. The liner range of quercitrin was 0.40-2.00 μg (r=0.9996). The recovery was 99.19% with RSD of 2.39%. CONCLUSION The method is easy to determine the content of hyperoside and quercitrin from seeds of Cuscuta chinensic.
Quercitrin
Hyperoside
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Objective To study the chemical constituents of Acanthopanax senticosus.Methods A.senticosus was extracted with 75% EtOH and separated with petroleum ether and EtOAc,successively.The EtOAc-soluble fraction was isolated by column chromatography and RP-preparative HPLC.Their structures were identified by spectroscopic method(MS,1H-NMR,and 13C-NMR).Results Nineteen compounds were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of A.senticosus and identified as quercetin(1),quercitrin(2),kaempferol(3),hyperoside(4),rutin(5),acacetin(6),daidzin(7),3′-methoxydaidzin(8),puerarin(9),3′-methoxypuerarin(10),4′-methoxypuerarin(11),syringaldehyde(12),syringic acid(13),glucosyringic acid(14),isofraxidin(15),2,3-di(3′,4′-methyl-endioxy-benzyl)-2-buten-4-olide(16),l-sesamin(17),methylpluviatolide(18),and 4′-hydroxy-2′-methoxycinnamaldehyde(19).Conclusion Compounds 6—11,14,16,18,and 19 are isolated from the plants in Acanthopanax(Deche et Planch.) Miq.for the first time.
Quercitrin
Syringaldehyde
Hyperoside
Genistin
Daidzin
Astragalin
Syringic acid
Petroleum ether
Sesamin
Fraction (chemistry)
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