The Study of Genetic Diversity and Structure of Extremely Endangered Manglietia longipedunculata and Endangered Manglietia insignis
Qiaomei QinYishan YangWei XiaoLipo PanXianliang ZhuLinfang WuShunlai LiuQifeng ZhongWenchao ZhongJianmin Tang
0
Citation
35
Reference
10
Related Paper
Abstract:
Abstract To strengthen the protection of Manglietia insignis and Manglietia longipedunculata germplasm resources, the endangered mechanism and scientific protection strategies of these two species were investigated. A novel, effective, and flexible DNA sequencing library construction approach-Hyper-seq was used in this study to develop large-scale genomic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure of M. insignis and M. longipedunculata . Genetic diversity analysis demonstrated that the genetic diversity of M. insignis , which expected heterozygosity ( H e ) was 0.1435 and nucleotide diversity (π) was 0.1541. M. longipedunculata , lower than in M. longipedunculata ( H e = 0.1793, π = 0.1916) with narrow distribution. The genetic diversity of the two ex-situ conservation populations ( H e =0.1797, 0.1990, π = 0.1894, 0.2121 ) was higher than the wild populations ( H e =0.1591, π = 0.1733), suggesting that the artificial ex-situ conservation population can effectively protect its genetic diversity and the genetic breeding in future studies. The mean inbreeding coefficient ( F IS ) in the M. longipedunculata and M. insignis populations were − 0.0141 and − 0.0176, respectively, indicating that the two populations were largely outcrossing in the natural state. The frequency of rare alleles in M. insignis (Tajima's D = 0.3436 > 0) and M. longipedunculata (Tajima's D = 0.2119 > 0) populations was low, which may be under balanced selection pressure or experienced population shrinkage. A high degree of genetic differentiation between the two species was detected, but moderate among the populations of the same species. The results of cluster analysis demonstrated a obvious separation between the two species with all individuals clustering according to species differences. It is worth noting that individuals 7, 8, and 9 in the ML-CW M. insignis population first clustered with M. longipedunculata . Furthermore, these individuals also contained a small genetic component from M. longipedunculata . Principal component and genetic relationship analysis also demonstrated that some M. insignis individuals exhibited an evident genetic relationship with M. longipedunculata . These populations can therefore be preferentially selected in the further cross-breeding experiments of the two species. The genetic diversity and structure of M. insignis and M. longipedunculata were compared in this study. Not only were the genetic characteristics of the two species explored for the first time, but the genetic relationship between the two species was also preliminarily explored. This study provides a scientific basis for the development of future protection strategies at the molecular level.Keywords:
Ex situ conservation
Outcrossing
In this study, mating system, genetic diversity, and genetic structure of the endangered endemic aquatic Isoetes yunguiensis in China was investigated using ISSR markers. The results of ISSR analyses showed that the estimate of multilocus outcrossing rate (tm) was high at species level (tm = 0.955), indicating that diploid I. yunguiensis is a predominant outcrossing species. Nine selected ISSR primers used in the study amplified 66 reproducible bands, 41 of which were polymorphic among 37 individuals. High level of genetic diversity was detected at the species level (PPB = 62.12%), whereas, relatively low genetic diversity existed within populations (PPB = 39.39%). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 31.99% of the genetic variation was attributable to differences between populations and the rest (68.01%) to variability within populationsof I. yunguiensis. Value of Fst (0.320) indicated that genetic differentiation between populations also was significant. These results showed that I. yunguiensis predominantly favors crossing, and has a high level of genetic diversity and highly significant genetic variation between and within populations. Gene flow (Nm) among populations is equal to 1.177. High outcrossing rates may be responsible for the high levels of genetic diversity observed in the I. yunguiensis population. To maintain the current level of genetic diversity for this species, we recommend increasing in situ conservation sites.
Outcrossing
Genetic Variability
Cite
Citations (10)
The geological distribution and characteristics of Shaanxi provincial rare and endangered plants were introduced. Especially the study on the ex situ conservation in Xi^an Botanical Garden was discussed. The growth and development of the 31 sorts of rare and endangered plants were evaluated and the conservation methods for these plants were proposed.
Ex situ conservation
Botanical garden
In situ conservation
Cite
Citations (3)
AbstrcatThis paper reports the ex situ conservation of sixty endangered and rare tree species,such as Dividia involucrate,Calycanthus chinensis.Among them forty species,Sixtysix percent of them have bloomed and set fruits.Some species have also produced seedling trees and established natural population.During the process of ex situ conservation,the potential adaptive ability of trees and the similarity between the habitats of conservation and their original habitats would be considered as high levels of adaptation and similarity are beneficial for conservation.In addition,technology of conservation and the function of endangered and rare trees in urban construction was concered.
Ex situ conservation
Natural regeneration
Rare species
Cite
Citations (0)
One thousand and two hundred vascular plant species,which belong to 171 families and 608 genera,were recorded in a survey in South China Agricultural University(SCAU) Arboretum.Among these species,there are 88 rare and endangered plant species in total,belonging to 46 families 75 genera,14 species of which are endangered,49 threatened and 25 rare.58 species are national key protected plants,belonging to 35 families 39 genera,15 of which belong to the class Ⅰ and 43 class Ⅱ of the protection category.The study on the ex situ conservation in SCAU Arboretum were introduced.The growth and development of these rare and endangered plants and national key protected plants were also recorded,and the ex situ conservation methods for the Arboretum were proposed.
Ex situ conservation
In situ conservation
Cite
Citations (2)
꼬리말발도리(Deutzia paniculata Nakai)는 전 세계적으로 우리나라 경상남북도 일부지역에만 자생하는 매우 제한된 분포범위를 가지는 특산식물이다. 이러한 꼬리말발도리 집단의 유전적 다양성 및 구조를 조사하기 위해 5집단 155개체에 대한 ISSR(Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) 분석이 수행되었다. 총 6개의 ISSR 프라이머를 이용하여 31개의 증폭산물을 관찰하였으며, 집단 수준에서의 유전적 다양성의 평균은 SI(Shannon's information index)=0.429, h (Nei's genetic diversity)=0.271로, 매우 높은 수준으로 나타났다. 집단별로는 큰 차이는 없었지만 비교적 높은 개화율을 보이는 밀양, 양산 집단이 다른 집단에 비해 다소 높은 유전 다양성을 유지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. AMOVA 분석 결과 전체 유전변이의 약 16%가 집단 간 차이에 기인하는 것으로 설명되었으며, 나머지 84%는 집단 내 개체간에 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 이처럼 제한된 분포범위를 가지는 꼬리말발도리 집단에서 나타나는 높은 유전다양성과 집단간 낮은 유전적 분화율은 완전 타가수정하는 교배양식과 집단내 비교적 풍부한 개체수의 영향인 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 현재의 유전다양성을 유지할 수 있는 적절한 현지 내 보전대책 수립이 요구된다. Deutzia paniculata Nakai is a Korean endemic species that has a very restricted distribution in Gyeongsang-do, South Korea. The genetic diversity and structure of five populations of D. paniculata were investigated using 31 ISSR loci from six primers. The Shannon's index (0.429) and genetic diversity (0.271) were relatively higher than those of other rare plant species in Korea. The Miryang (MY) and Yangsan (YS) populations, which have higher flowering rates than the other populations, showed greater genetic diversity than the other populations. An analysis of the molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 16% of the total variation could be attributed to differences among the populations, and 84% to the differences within populations, indicating moderate gene flow among adjacent populations. The high genetic diversity and low genetic differentiation in the Deutzia paniculata populations, which have a restricted distribution, is considered to be affected by outcrossing of the mating system and abundant individuals in the populations. These results suggest that ex situ conservation strategies are needed to sustain the current genetic diversity of D. paniculata.
Outcrossing
Diversity index
Ex situ conservation
Cite
Citations (3)
Anthocephalus macrophyllus Roxb is an endemic tree to Sulawesi having high economic value. It has rarely been investigated, either in genetic population or genetic consevation aspects. The information regarding genetic diversity is very important in order to gain more understanding for breeding and conservation strategies. Genetic diversity is used as material selection of expected genotype. The study was to determine genetic diversity of A. macrophyllus from Sulawesi provenances that would be used in further development of this species. Leaf samples were collected from 108 families of A. macrophyllus belong to Sulawesi provenances. Four out of ten microsatellite markers that had high polymorphism were used for amplifying the 108 DNA samples. Results showed number of allele and mean of allele were 3 to 4 alleles and 3,5, respectively. Moreover, PIC mean of the evaluated loci was 3,7. The analysis of genetic relationship showed that the 108 families had moderate level of genetic diversity. This research suggest to establish germplasm nursery via either seed from different provenance. In situ and ex situ approaches have to be applied together for conserving genetic resources of Anthocephalus macrophyllus.
Germ plasm
Ex situ conservation
Cite
Citations (13)
There are two methods,mixed cultivation and simulated cultivation,for ex-situ conservation of rare and endangered plants in Jiugong Mountain National Nature Reserve,Hubei Province.We chose 16 different endangered species to investigate which method would be more suitable for the growth of the plants.The results showed that the cultivation of simulated community is more suitable for ex-situ conservation of rare and endangered plants in Jiugong Mountain National Nature Reserve.The cultivation of simulated community by optimizing community structure might apply for artificial restoration of rare and endangered plants community.
Ex situ conservation
In situ conservation
Cite
Citations (0)
The geological distribution and characteristics of Shaanxi provincial rare and endangered plants were introduced. Especially the study on the ex situ conservation in Xi′an Botanical Garden was discussed. The growth and development of the 31 sorts of rare and endangered plants were evaluated and the conservation methods for these plants were proposed.
Ex situ conservation
Botanical garden
Rare species
Cite
Citations (0)
Analysis was conducted of the status quo of and existing problems with preservation of rare and endangered plant species in botanic gardens in China with stress on effectiveness of the ex-situ preservation of rare and endangered plant species in botanic gardens,growth and adaptability,duplicate cultivation,and size of effective communities of rare and endangered plant species in botanic gardens,and establishment of a scientific record keeping system and a scientific record keeping system and monitoring center.Meanwhile, countermeasures and recommendations were put forth for sustainable development of the ex-situ preservation of rare and endangered plant species in botanic gardens;a preservation network system be set up with botanic gardens as its basis;the program of ex-situ preservation of rare and endangered plant species be intensified with emphasis;establishment of a scientific record keeping system and a monitoring center be reinforced and funds be raised from various channels to strengthen the support;and personnel training and academic exchange be enhanced.
Ex situ conservation
Botanical garden
Adaptability
Cite
Citations (6)
The paper has investigated the current situation of ex situ conservation for rare and endangered plants in Hangzhou Botanical Garden,and analyzed the classification and cause of death of these rare and endangered plants.The results show that Hangzhou Botanical Garden had introduced 116 rare and endangered plants since 1956,which belongs to 89 genera,53 families and occupied 29.8% in all of the rare and endangered plants in China.The difference of climate between different regions,the shortage quantity of introduced plants and the inappropriate measures of management are main reasons which have caused ex situ conservation of some rare and endangered plants come to nothing.
Ex situ conservation
Economic shortage
Botanical garden
Rare species
Cite
Citations (0)