A Physico-chemical assay of a herbal formulation - Smrutisudha granules
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Ayurveda is an ancient medical practise that focuses on the prevention of illness and the treatment of conditions that are related to the human body. Ayurveda provides information on a wide variety of herbal remedies that can be used to cure a variety of disorders. In such a scenario, standardisation is necessary for ensuring uniformity from one batch of drug production to the next and for carrying out routine drug manufacturing on a large scale. In this age of shifting lifestyles and increased public interest, the process of modifying older dosage forms and the development of new dosage forms is an ever-evolving process that makes a significant contribution to the expansion and development of scientific knowledge. Granules are produced from a refined form of Ghana, which is a solid preparation of herbal extract, and Khanda Kalpana, which are solid preparations that are comparable to granules. Because it contains medications that are medhya, Smrutisudha granules are developed for their beneficial benefits, such as boosting children's memories. In the current work, standardisation, physio-chemical properties, qualitative analysis, and chromatography (HPTLC) of Smrutisudha granules have been produced. Prior to its application in therapeutic settings, the standardisation of Smrutisudha granules will be aided by this research.Synthetic Biology
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When creating pharmaceutical dosage forms, the selection of excipients plays a significant role in the preformulation and formulation research. Excipients physical, mechanical, and chemical characteristics have a big impact on the final product and other formulation parameters like disintegration, dissolution, and shelf life. As a result, numerous studies have been carried out to assess how drug-excipient interactions affect the formulation as a whole. The information on excipients physical and chemical instability and compatibility with the active pharmaceutical component in solid oral dosage forms during various drug manufacturing procedures is reviewed in this article. The impact of these interactions on the drug formulation process has been discussed in detail. Examples of various excipients used in solid oral dosage forms have been included to elaborate on different drug-excipient interactions.
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Synthetic Biology
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The surge of interest in bioenergy has been marked with increasing efforts in research and development to identify new sources of biomass and to incorporate cutting-edge biotechnology to improve efficiency and increase yields. It is evident that various microorganisms will play an integral role in the development of this newly emerging industry, such as yeast for ethanol and Escherichia coli for fine chemical fermentation. However, it appears that microalgae have become the most promising prospect for biomass production due to their ability to grow fast, produce large quantities of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins, thrive in poor quality waters, sequester and recycle carbon dioxide from industrial flue gases and remove pollutants from industrial, agricultural and municipal wastewaters. In an attempt to better understand and manipulate microorganisms for optimum production capacity, many researchers have investigated alternative methods for stimulating their growth and metabolic behavior. One such novel approach is the use of electromagnetic fields for the stimulation of growth and metabolic cascades and controlling biochemical pathways. An effort has been made in this review to consolidate the information on the current status of biostimulation research to enhance microbial growth and metabolism using electromagnetic fields. It summarizes information on the biostimulatory effects on growth and other biological processes to obtain insight regarding factors and dosages that lead to the stimulation and also what kind of processes have been reportedly affected. Diverse mechanistic theories and explanations for biological effects of electromagnetic fields on intra and extracellular environment have been discussed. The foundations of biophysical interactions such as bioelectromagnetic and biophotonic communication and organization within living systems are expounded with special consideration for spatiotemporal aspects of electromagnetic topology, leading to the potential of multipolar electromagnetic systems. The future direction for the use of biostimulation using bioelectromagnetic, biophotonic and electrochemical methods have been proposed for biotechnology industries in general with emphasis on an holistic biofuel system encompassing production of algal biomass, its processing and conversion to biofuel.
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Two sustained-release dosage forms, enteric-coated granules and tablets compressed from enteric-coated granules, were prepared for a long-acting effect of the prodrug clorprenaline pamoate.Using the dissolution rate in vitro and the antiasthmatic activity in vivo as indexes, a comparison was made between the sustained-release effects of the two dosage forms. The tablet made from enteric-coated granules was shown to be an ideal sustained-release dosage form. The tablet was shown through clinical tests, as expected, to have insignificant side-effects and to prolong the antiasthmatic activity to about 12 hours.
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Additives are non drug component for structuring dosage form and said to be pharmacologically inactive in nature. Selections of excipients were depend upon type of dosage form, their functionality and based on their compatible atmosphere with respect to the active and inactive ingredients and method of preparation. Their role is vital and forming back bone of type of dosage form including solid, semi-solid and liquid dosage form used for topical and conventional application. To turn a drug (API) substance into a desired pharmaceutical dosage form or a drug delivery system, pharmaceutical ingredients were required. Majority of times formulation stability and their bioavailability depends upon selection of excipients and their concentration level with combinations. The peer knowledge of current review article enlists the different mechanisms of various additives used in multi formulations with their ultimate mechanism role in-depth basics and their background knowledge in designing of various dosage formulations.
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White Biotechnology is related to the utilization of biological systems for the manufacture, transformation or degradation of molecules using enzymatic and fermentative processes. This definition fits the biocatalytic processes and the biotransformations in the huge set of disciplines and sciences that have been defined as Biotechnology. The stabilization of enzymes and cells for increasing their resistance towards the organic solvents by immobilization and modification techniques, as well as using genetic engineering, has supposed a significant impulse. On the other hand, the knowledge of the reaction media and the control of the variables affecting the process has supposed a real technological transformation. Industrial Biotechnology has become an important tool for obtaining drugs (and other bioproducts) which are difficult or impossible to obtain by chemical traditional methods. At the present, more than 325 million people in the world use drugs with a biotechnological origin, so it can be deduced that the application of the Biotechnology (and specially Biocatalysis) has crossed the academic border finding a wide range of utilities in the pharmaceutical Industry. The biotechnological processes, due to their high efficiency and specificity, generate reduced levels of residues when compared to chemical conventional processes which on the other hand, are comparatively more dangerous.
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