Exercise and cardiovascular health: A state-of-the-art review
Ameesh IsathKlaudia J. KoziolMatthew W. MartinezCarol Ewing GarberMatthew N. MartinezMichael S. EmeryAaron L. BaggishSrihari S. NaiduCarl J. LavieRoss ArenaChayakrit Krittanawong
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Since ancient times green tea has been considered a health-promoting beverage. In recent years, scientists throughout the world have investigated the potential benefits of green tea and its most abundant catechin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The anti-cancer effects of green tea and EGCG were the focus of early research, and encouraging data from in vitro, animal model, and human studies have emerged. Due to the dominant role of cardiovascular disease and the dramatic rise of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus as major and interlinked healthcare problems, green tea and EGCG are increasingly being investigated in these areas. Dose-response relationships observed in several epidemiological studies have indicated that pronounced cardiovascular and metabolic health benefits can be obtained by regular consumption of 5-6 or more cups of green tea per day. Furthermore, intervention studies using similar amounts of green tea, containing 200-300 mg of EGCG, have demonstrated its usefulness for maintaining cardiovascular and metabolic health. Additionally, there are numerous in vivo studies demonstrating that green tea and EGCG exert cardiovascular and metabolic benefits in these model systems. Therefore, green tea and EGCG can be regarded as food components useful for the maintenance of cardiovascular and metabolic health. To prove the effectiveness for disease prevention or treatment, several multi-center, long-term clinical studies investigating the effects of one precisely-defined green tea product on cardiovascular and metabolic endpoints would be necessary. The aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the research investigating the effects of green tea and green tea catechins on cardiovascular and metabolic health.
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Recent findings indicate that cocoa and chocolate, when processed appropriately, may contain relatively large amounts of flavonoids, particularly catechin and epicatechin. We review the benefits of these flavonoids, specifically with regard to cardiovascular health, and raise several unresolved issues that suggest the need for additional research and product development in this area.
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Widespread persistent inactivity makes continued efforts in physical activity promotion a persistent challenge. The precise content of physical activity recommendations is not broadly known, and there are concerns that the general messaging of the guidelines, including the recommendations to perform at least 150 min of at least moderate intensity physical activity per week might seem unattainable for and even actually discourage currently inactive people. Here we show that there are a myriad of ways of being physically active, and provide (in part) out-of-the-box examples of evidence based, pragmatic, easily accessible physical activity regimes below 150 min and/or with lower than moderate intensity that yield meaningful health benefits for currently inactive people.
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Objective To analyze the correlation between soluble CD147(sCD147) and hyperlipidemia by detecting the sCD147 expression level in peripheral blood among hyperlipidemia patients,and to provide technical indicators for the clinical diagnosis of hyperlipidemia.Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the sCD147 in 367 sporadic hyperlipidemia patients and in 212 healthy people.Results The sCD147 expression level in hyperlipidemia group was(7.68±1.53)ng/L,in healthy control group was(2.78±0.52)ng/L,and the difference was statistically significant(P0.001).Conclusion sCD147 might behave positive correlation with hyperlipidemia,and it could be used as new indicators for the clinical diagnosis of hyperlipidemia.
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Objective To study the relationship between hyperlipidemia and dietary or other related factors. Methods A case control study was carried out to investigate the blood lipid, dietary and so on among 211 volunteers. Results The prevalence rate of hyperlipidemia was 30 81%, 36.36% in male and 24.75% in female. Smoking, obesity, lack of physical activities, hypertension, too much intake of fat and meat, and low intake of vegetable were risk factors of hyperlipidemia. Conclusions We should take some effective measures to prevent these risk factors of hyperlipidemia, so as to reduce the occurrence of hyperlipidemia.
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ABSTRACT: Worldwide, cardiovascular disease is estimated to be the leading cause of death and loss of disability‐adjusted life‐years. Effective prevention needs a global strategy based on knowledge of the importance of risk factors, including diet. Recent years have seen increased interest on the part of consumers, researchers, and the food industry into how food products can help maintain the health of an individual. Extracts rich in dietary fiber obtained from plants could be used as functional ingredients because they provide numerous health benefits that go far beyond supporting bowel regularity. These benefits may include not only digestive health, but weight management, cardiovascular health, and general wellness. The objective of this review is to present an overview of the potential of different types of fiber as a technological tool for its application to functional foods to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease through diet.
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Older participants identified as having decreased physical activity according to the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria did not show a significant reduction in accelerometer-measured physical activity. Despite its widespread use in Japanese studies, the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study physical activity questionnaire may not effectively capture declines in physical activity. The datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. FIGURE S1. Distribution of frequencies for each level of physical activity intensity. The durations for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and sedentary behavior (SB) were 32 ± 27, 414 ± 107, and 522 ± 112 min/day, respectively. The medians (interquartile ranges) for MVPA, LPA, and SB were 25 (11–48), 425 (341–484), and 515 (438–595) min/day, respectively. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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Certain foods have been touted as providing special benefits in preventing cardiovascular disease. We reviewed the literature supporting cardioprotective effects from cranberries, chocolate, dairy foods, and omega-3 fatty acids. To varying degrees, all four of these categories of food provide demonstrated benefits for heart health. For each food investigated, we provided insight into how they can be incorporated into a healthy lifestyle along with some caveats against their overuse. A balanced, nutritious diet including some of these foods, combined with an active lifestyle, can provide proven benefits for cardiovascular health.
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Tea, next to water is the cheapest beverage humans consume. Drinking the beverage tea has been considered a healthpromoting habit since ancient times. The modern medicinal research is providing a scientific basis for this belief. The evidence supporting the health benefits of tea drinking grows stronger with each new study that is published in the scientific literature. Tea plant Camellia sinensis has been cultivated for thousands of years and its leaves have been used for medicinal purposes. Tea is used as a popular beverage worldwide and its ingredients are now finding medicinal benefits. Encouraging data showing cancer-preventive effects of green tea from cell-culture, animal and human studies have emerged. Evidence is accumulating that black tea may have similar beneficial effects. Tea consumption has also been shown to be useful for prevention of many debilitating human diseases that include maintenance of cardiovascular and metabolic health. Various studies suggest that polyphenolic compounds present in green and black tea are associated with beneficial effects in prevention of cardiovascular diseases, particularly of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. In addition, anti-aging, antidiabetic and many other health beneficial effects associated with tea consumption are described. Evidence is accumulating that catechins and theaflavins, which are the main polyphenolic compounds of green and black tea, respectively, are responsible for most of the physiological effects of tea. This article describes the evidences from clinical and epidemiological studies in the prevention of chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular diseases and general health promotion associated with tea consumption. Keywords: Tea polyphenols, cancer prevention, cardiovascular diseases, health effects.
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Apply It!Summary Statement:Pulled Text: • Physical activity is associated with several health and well-being benefits, but current levels of daily physical activity are at an all-time low. • Daily physical activity has decreased over the years due to declining lifestyle physical activity levels. • Innovative strategies from health and fitness professionals are needed to promote physical activity throughout the day. Physical activity is associated with several health and well-being benefits but has decreased over the years due to declining rates of lifestyle physical activity. “Despite these well-known benefits of physical activity though, there has still been a gradual decline in overall daily physical activity levels.” “Various devices/appliances have been invented that reduce the physical activity associated with performing household chores. For example, sweeping requires moderate-intensity physical activity but can now be replaced with an autonomous robotic vacuum cleaner ( e.g. , the ‘Roomba’).” Performing these tasks without modern technology, Amish adults accumulate an average of 48 hours per week of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (14).
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