Isolation and Characterization of Lysinibacillus Sphaericus as Potential Bacteria for Toxic Metals Bioremediation in Industrial Wastewater of Western Himalayan Region
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Abstract The discharge of industrial waste effluent contains toxic substances which cause serious threat to human health as well as environment. The present study was conducted to determine the isolation and characterization of heavy metal removing Bacteria and its efficacy for removing Pb, Cd, Cu and Ni toxicity. In this study, wastewater samples were collected from different contaminated industrial sites in western Himalayan region. The isolate was recovered on nutrient agar plate supplemented with different concentration of Pb, Cd, Cu and Ni by the standard pour plate method. The isolated strain was characterized on the basis of morphological and biochemical test. The strain was identified as Lysinibacillus sphaericus. After identification heavy metal removal efficacy of the bacterial isolate for lead was 100% (1or 3ppm), 95% (5ppm), 90% (7ppm) and 85% (10 ppm). Heavy metal removal efficacy of the bacterial isolates for Cd was 100% (1ppm, 3ppm), 95% (5 and 7ppm) and 90% (10ppm). Heavy metal removal efficacy of the isolated bacteria for Ni was 100% (1ppm), 96% (3ppm), for 5ppm it removes 92%, 89% at 7ppm and at 10ppm the removal efficacy is 85%. Heavy metal removal efficacy of the isolated bacteria for Cu was 100% at 1ppm concentration, 98% at 3ppm, 94% at 5ppm, 91% at 7ppm and 88% at 10 ppm. The nucleotide sequences of Lysinibacillus sphaericus generated through 16S rDNA technique, the accession number provided to the bacterial sequence is OM904067. This strain was best for heavy metal tolerance and for bioremediation of heavy metal polluted environment.Keywords:
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Cassava starch powder produced locally was tested for its ability to serve as a solidifying agent in microbiological nutrient media, using different aqueous percentage concentration in pour plates and slants. 10% concentration produced setting usually associated with solid nutrient media within 30 min. Cassava starch powder can therefore be a potential solidifying agent in microbiological nutrient media as an alternative to agar-agar. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 4 (6), pp. 573-574, 2005
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We evaluated nutrient agar using the microcolony detection method for the recovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on 37 acid-fast bacilli (AFB) positive sputum specimens, and compared it with conventional Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium. Nutrient agar detected 35 isolates compared to 34 on LJ medium. The mean time to detection of mycobacteria on nutrient agar and LJ medium was respectively 9.6 and 21.4 days. The contamination rate on nutrient agar and LJ medium was respectively 5.4% and 2.7%. Nutrient agar detects M. tuberculosis more rapidly than LJ medium, and could be an economical, rapid culture method in resource-poor settings, provided our findings are confirmed by further studies.
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A selective nutrient agar medium containing kanamycin at 50 μg/ml was developed for the isolation and enumeration of yellow‐pigmented colonies from the River Sowe, Coventry. Such organisms were shown to be members of the heterogeneous genus Flavobacterium . Typically, yellow pigmented colonies constituted less than 10% of the colonies on nutrient agar alone but up to 70% on nutrient agar plus kanamycin. This medium is a useful addition to the range of media available for the isolation and further ecological study of particular species of this important group of micro‐organisms.
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Luria broth (LB) is a nutrient-rich media commonly used to culture bacteria in the lab. The addition of agar to LB results in the formation of a gel that bacteria can grow on, as they are unable to digest the agar but can gather nutrition from the LB within. When required the addition of an antibiotic to this gel allows for the selection of only those bacteria with resistance to that antibiotic - usually conferred by a plasmid carrying the antibiotic resistance gene. See the link for more details: https://www.addgene.org/protocols/pouring-lb-agar-plates/
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Nutrient Agar media is a medium with a yellowish white powder and after use it will be solid because it contains agar. The most important content contained in this medium is carbohydrates as well as protein contained in meat extract and peptone according to the needs of most bacteria. (Rossita, 2015). Soybeans are one of the natural ingredients that contain high enough protein. The purpose of the study was to compare the number of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria colonies on nutrient agar media and soybean media. The type of research used is experimental. This research was conducted on 21-25 June 2021 at the Palembang Health Laboratory Center with a total of 32 samples. Data were analyzed using Mann Whitney Test. The results showed that the average number of colonies on soybean media had an average of 3.3 colonies, while colonies on nutrient agar media had an average of 50.4 colonies. Statistical test results obtained p = 0.000 means that there is a comparison of the number of colonies of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria on nutrient agar media and soybean media. The conclusion of this study is that soybean media cannot be used as an alternative medium for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Keywords: Nutrient Agar, Soybeans, Staphylococcus aureus
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Isolating and identification of different microorganisms helps the laboratory scientists diagnose pathogenic causing bacteria. The use of agar as a culture medium, together with its different nutritional additives differentiates various types of bacteria, hence this study aimed to create an effective alternative culture medium to the commercial Nutrient Agar which can benefit for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The organisms were inoculated on the test sample and control culture media. After 24 hours of incubation, colonial growth was observed on both the Nutrient Agar and Corn Husk Agar. The colonies were sub-cultured on selective media for the efficacy of the test material. The results found out that the Corn Husk Agar exhibits same results compared with from the Nutrient Agar. Hence, Corn Husk Agar can be used as an alternative agar to Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. By this, the researchers recommend to further test the Corn Husk Agar to other microorganisms to analyze its full potential to be an alternative nonselective culture media against Nutrient Agar.
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Both Chinese GB nutrient agar and American FDA standard method agar are commonly used for counting bacteria in food inspection. A number of our experiments showed that the count of bacteria by FDA standard method agar is 23. 9% higher than that by GB nutrient agar. The present C8 medium is an improved medium based on the composition of the two media mentioned above The result of our comparison experiment showed that the C8 medium used for counting bacteria was 35. 8% higher than that by GB nutrient agar and 9. 5% higher than that by FDA standard method agar respectively.
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We examined the effect of composition of agar medium for the detection of viable cells of Escherichia coli JCM1649T. The nutrient agar supplemented with NaCl (NA) and two commercial products of plate count agar (standard method agar) exhibited practically the same level of colony count for intact cells, but NA was the most suitable for the detection of sublethally injured cells induced by heat treatment at 55°C for 15 min. Addition of 0.5% NaCl to the commercially-available plate count agar improved the detection rate of heat-injured cells, while glucose in the agar medium was found to decrease the detection rate. NA was shown to be useful as repair medium in the selective detection of heat-injured E. coli.
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Several bacterial species associated with tonsillitis were isolated from the samarra general hospital, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The extract of alcohol and water tea was used to observe its eff ect in inhibiting the growth of bacteria with the addition of 3 concentrations of NaCl (5, 7.5, 10 g/L ) to the medium used (Muller hinton agar, Nutrient agar), the results showed that the eff ect of S. aureus on the alcohol and water extracts and all the concentrations used in addition to the use of the muller hinton agar and the use of nutrient agar the result showed that the bacteria were aff ected by alcohol extract and all the concentrations used however when adding the water extract the eff ect of bacteria was observed when adding the third concentration of NaCl , The eff ect of E. coli was observed by alcoholic and water extract of tea with the addition of the third concentration of NaCl using the muller hinton agar and the use of the nutrient agar the growth of E. coli was observed by alcoholic extract only and by the addition of the third concentration of NaCl, The eff ect of the bacteria was observed with alcohol extract only for the tea and all the concentrations using the muller hinton agar and using the nutrient agar the eff ect of bacterial growth was observed by the extract when adding the third concentration of NaCl to the medium, we conclude are diff erences in the eff ect of extract on isolated bacterial species
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