1.105 A Neuroscience-Based Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Approach to Classify Prevention Interventions for Substance Use Disorders in Adolescents: A Scoping Review
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Research Domain Criteria
Research Domain Criteria
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Aim: Self Compassion (SC) has been consistently linked to decreased emotional distress and is offered as a mechanism of change in several therapeutic approaches. The current study aimed to identify therapists' interventions that enhance clients' SC within individual psychodynamic psychotherapy. We examined a diverse set of interventions as predictors of clients' SC, on treatment and session levels. We hypothesized that improvement in SC will be associated with greater use of directive or common factor interventions. Method: Client/therapist (N = 89) dyads from a university-based community clinic participated in the study. Therapists' interventions and changes in clients' SC level were monitored at each psychotherapy session. Results: Clients' SC in a given session was not predicted by therapist use of interventions from any of the three clusters in the previous session. However, positive change in SC across treatment was predicted by greater use of directive interventions. Furthermore, among clients with low pretreatment SC, a positive change in SC across treatment was predicted by lesser use of common factor interventions. Discussion: The results highlight the importance of understanding clients' pretreatment characteristics when selecting therapeutic interventions and suggest that the integration of directive interventions into the psychodynamic therapeutic practice may be beneficial in enhancing clients' SC.
Psychodynamics
Brief psychotherapy
Directive
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
Compassion
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The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between clearly defined therapist interventions and the therapeutic alliance with personality-disordered patients. Transcripts of one psychotherapy session for each of 5 subjects taking part in a long-term psychotherapy research project were rated for therapist interventions and therapeutic alliance to determine if specific interventions were followed by enhanced or diminished therapeutic work. Transference interpretations were followed by a deterioration in the therapeutic alliance when the alliance was weak, but by enhanced work when the alliance was solid. In patients with both strong and weak alliances, defense interpretations and supportive interventions enhanced therapeutic work without increasing defensiveness. Supportive interventions seemed to prepare the way for exploration and to repair ruptured alliances.
Therapeutic relationship
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For people with serious mental illness and substance misuse, psychosocial interventions provide no important clinical benefits over standard care. Psychosocial interventions are neither safer nor more harmful.....
Substance misuse
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The aim of this study was to examine the interventions used in two nonmanualized psychotherapeutic treatments—one cognitive and one psychoanalytically oriented—; assessing the theoretical framework’s pervasiveness in terms of the specificity of the interventions implemented by the psychotherapists. Our purpose was to observe which proportion of the therapists’ interventions were directly associated with their theoretical background, and which proportion of them represented common, nonspecific or specific interventions. For this research, 29 sessions from a psychoanalytic psychotherapeutic treatment and 15 sessions from a cognitive psychotherapeutic treatment (both audio-recorded and transcribed), were analyzed. The classifications of psychotherapeutic interventions developed by Roussos, Etchebarne, and Waizmann (2005; Roussos, Waizmann, and Etchebarne, 2003) were used in order to characterize the interventions. Results show that both treatments were highly impregnated by nonspecific interventions. Only an average of 17% of the interventions in the psychoanalytic treatment and a 16% in the cognitive treatment, were specific of the theoretical frameworks.
Integrative psychotherapy
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Part 1 Responses to interventions: confirmation of interventions failure to confirm interventions and reactions to missed interventions. Part 2 The patient-therapist relationship: the patient's reactions to the therapist - fundamental concepts the patient's reactions to the therapist - principles of techniques the therapist's reactions to the patient. Part 3 The phases of psychotherapy: the opening phase the middle phase the terminal phase and after.
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by BARBARA COLIN MOORE The effects of illness-related stressors on family members of women with substance use disorders or co-occurring mental illness and substance use disorders were examined, and the mediating or moderating role of family member adaptive or maladaptive coping strategies was assessed. 82 women in inpatient or outpatient treatment for substance use disorders in a Midwestern community were interviewed. Of these, 46 (56.1%) met diagnostic criteria for one or more additional psychiatric disorders: major depression, dysthymia, posttraumatic stress disorder, mania, hypomania, or generalized anxiety disorder. The women were predominantly African-American and of lower socioeconomic status. The women in treatment nominated the most supportive family member or a significant other for participation in the study. 82 family members, one for each woman in treatment, were also interviewed. Findings were that illnessrelated client behavioral problems and extent of client drug or alcohol use were significantly related to greater family member burden. At the bivariate level, greater client behavioral problems were also related to higher levels of family member depressive symptomatology. Family member maladaptive coping was found to completely mediate the relationship between client behavioral problems and the Stigma
Hypomania
Family member
Stressor
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Empirically supported interventions in psychological disorders should provide (1) evidence supporting the underlying psychological mechanisms of psychopathology to target in the intervention and (2) evidence supporting the efficacy of the intervention. However, research has been dedicated in a greater extent to efficacy than to the acquisition of empirical support for the theoretical basis of therapies. Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) emerges as a new framework to provide empirically based theories about psychological mechanisms that may be targeted in intervention and tested for its efficacy. The current review aims to demonstrate the possible applications of RDoC to design empirically supported interventions for psychological disorders. Two RDoC-inspired interventions are reviewed, and the RDoC framework is broadly explored in terms of its contributions and limitations. From preliminary evidence, RDoC offers many avenues for improving evidence-based interventions in psychology, but some limitations must be anticipated to increase the RDoC applicability to naturalistic settings.
Research Domain Criteria
Psychological research
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