A Study on the Effects of GNSS Signal Generator Application Using DR Solution
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본 논문은 GNSS(GPS, GLONASS, GALELEO, BEIDOU) 신호가 도달하지 않는 실내, 지하 터널과 같은 장소에서 활용 가능한 GNSS 신호 발생 기술이 일반 GNSS 수신기의 정상 동작에 효과적일 뿐만 아니라 GNSS/DR, GNSS/INS와 같이 혼합측위 또는 복합측위를 수행하는 솔루션에도 활용될 수 있음을 이론적인 접근과 실제 터널환경에서 현장실험을 통해 성능이 개선된 결과를 입증하였다. 본 연구를 통해 GNSS 신호발생기는 GNSS 측위장치 뿐만 아니라 DR 측위장치 성능을 개선시키므로 터널 내 차량 및 스마트폰 네비게이션 성능 개선, 실내 운행 드론의 측위 성능 개선에 활용될 수 있음을 확인하였다.Keywords:
GLONASS
Galileo (satellite navigation)
Air navigation
In this contribution the current status and future development of four Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are reviewed. They are the American Global Positioning System (GPS), the Russian Glonass, the European Galileo and the Chinese BeiDou Compass. All four systems offer, or will offer, civil navigation services (publicly open), as well as restricted access navigation services, which means for GPS, Glonass and likely for Compass as well, military services. The European Galileo system will offer so-called Publicly Regulated Services (PRS) for use by the government.
Galileo (satellite navigation)
GLONASS
Compass
Quasi-Zenith Satellite System
Real Time Kinematic
GNSS augmentation
Air navigation
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Global Positioning System (GPS) has been widely used worldwide for a variety of applications such as air, land and sea. The GPS and the Russian GLONASS are the only fully operational Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Due to its several advantages, such as simplicity of use, successful implementation and global availability, this has been considered as the cornerstone of positioning in navigation system applications for the people who are visually impaired. However, due to standalone single frequency service, the positioning performance has not been sufficient for some accuracy and precision demanding applications. The problems of obtaining high accuracy real time positions in the field have led the navigation community to develop a GNSS augmentation system. However, several questions have been raised with this new development, such as how good the new method is? During any satellite configuration, would it be able to provide the accuracy at the same level? In a reliable way, would it be able to replace conventional GPS method? In this paper, a detailed review of all necessary understandings concerning GNSS and with a focal point on the GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, Beidou and GNSS augmentation systems positioning performance, is provided. The enormous demand to further improve positioning, navigation, and timing capabilities for both civil and military users on existing GNSS systems has directed efforts to modernise the GPS and GLONASS system and introduce new systems such as Galileo navigation system.
GLONASS
Galileo (satellite navigation)
GNSS augmentation
Real Time Kinematic
Air navigation
Precise Point Positioning
Navigation System
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In this article I will characterize global navigational system, GNSS, and the most important satellite systems used for world-wide navigation. Satellite navigation systems, using satellites on orbital planes, are invaluable in user positioning. As of this day there are only fully operational only two GNSS systems: American GPS and Russian GLONASS. EU and ESA are developing and constructing European satellite navigational system Galileo, which is about to enter full capability in 2020, and should be most accurate of them all. In this article I describe these systems, their creation, segments and use.
Galileo (satellite navigation)
GLONASS
Quasi-Zenith Satellite System
GNSS augmentation
Real Time Kinematic
Air navigation
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Heart of satellite based navigation system is timing by precise clocks. In Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS,) mainly consisting of GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and Beiduo, timing plays a vital role also. Coordination of the time scales of all these systems is very important for the optimum utilization of GNSS. It has some stringent requirements. Coordination among different constellations is also a serious issue. This paper details all these aspects.
Galileo (satellite navigation)
GLONASS
GNSS augmentation
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GPS (and its Russian analogue, GLONASS) are reviewed. Conceived a quarter of a century ago, it represents the most significant step forward in radionavigation. Its deployment was relatively slow. The explosive growth of low cost civil receivers has only appeared in the last five years or so, and the relationship between the US military authorities, who own and operate GPS, and the civil international community, is slow in developing a mutually acceptable position. A review of GPS against the required navigation performance criteria leads to the requirements for augmenting GPS into GNSS-1-in particular WAAS by the FAA, EGNOS by the European tripartite group, and MSAS in Japan. A description of these augmentation systems, based on navigation payloads on board geostationary satellites, is given, with particular reference to Inmarsat. Associated institutional issues are discussed briefly as well as an interactive synthesis of candidate designs for GNSS-2.
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Accurate and stable frequency reference sources are critical for commercial, navigation, military and scientific space applications. Several levels of frequency references are suitable for space applications. This paper discusses similarities and differences among single distributed oscillators for communications satellites, master oscillator groups for communications systems, and atomic clocks for military and navigation systems. This paper builds on reference and broadly describes frequency sources on current and upcoming global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). The three current systems are the Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), the Global Positioning System (GPS), and the Galileo system. The upcoming navigation systems are: China's Compass satellite positioning system, Japan's quasi-zenith satellite system (QZSS), India's regional navigation satellite system (IRNSS), GPS-IIF, and GPS-III.
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GLONASS
Galileo (satellite navigation)
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In 2010 the Global Positioning System (GPS) developed by the United States military was the best known Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Others included Russia’s GLONASS, China’s COMPASS and Europe’s GALILEO systems. Although military satellite navigation systems can be traced back to the 1960s, their civilian uses emerged in the 1980s, initially limited to navigation positioning, not property surveying. Property surveying methods have varied both between and within nations. However, GPS surveying with some supporting legislation, had, by the early years of the 21st century, sufficiently developed to meet the needs of the property sector. This chapter looks at this development, and its implications with respect to cadastral surveying.
Galileo (satellite navigation)
Cadastre
Compass
GLONASS
Air navigation
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The use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) in everyday life is pervasive and its use increasing, especially as additional multi-constellation Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), i.e. Galileo, Compass, and GLONASS, and Regional Navigation Satellite Systems (RNSS) become fully operational and "fill the world's skies." In many applications, its use is essential even when the user doesn't know that it is being used (e.g., cell phone service).
GLONASS
Galileo (satellite navigation)
Compass
GNSS augmentation
Air navigation
Precise Point Positioning
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GPS (and its Russian analogue, GLONASS) are reviewed. Conceived a quarter of a century ago, it represents the most significant step forward in radionavigation. Its deployment was relatively slow. The explosive growth of low cost civil receivers has only appeared in the last five years or so, and the relationship between the US military authorities, who own and operate GPS, and the civil international community, is slow in developing a mutually acceptable position. A review of GPS against the required navigation performance criteria leads to the requirements for augmenting GPS into GNSS-1-in particular WAAS by the FAA, EGNOS by the European tripartite group, and MSAS in Japan. A description of these augmentation systems, based on navigation payloads on board geostationary satellites, is given, with particular reference to Inmarsat. Associated institutional issues are discussed briefly as well as an interactive synthesis of candidate designs for GNSS-2.
Galileo (satellite navigation)
GLONASS
Radio navigation
Air navigation
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