Entamoeba Species and Entamoeba histolytica
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Abstract Entamoeba species are unicellular eukaryotes that parasitise all classes of vertebrates and some invertebrates. Only three species of Entamoeba have been proven to cause disease and sometimes death in their hosts: Entamoeba histolytica , a parasite of humans, Entamoeba nuttalli , a parasite of nonhuman primates and Entamoeba invadens , a parasite of reptiles. Other species appear to live as commensals in their hosts and do not cause evident disease. Amoebiasis is defined as infection with E. histolytica . Most cases of amoebiasis are asymptomatic, but E. histolytica can cause intestinal or disseminated disease. Identification of E. histolytica is complicated by the existence of three morphologically identical amoebae that may also colonise the human intestinal tract, Entamoeba dispar , Entamoeba bangladeshi and Entamoeba moshkovskii , none of which have been proven to cause disease (although the potential for pathogenicity in the latter two is not fully understood). Entamoeba spp. are commonly studied to gain further insight into protozoal evolution, amoeboid locomotion and cell‐killing ability, amongst other topics. Key Concepts Entamoeba species are unicellular eukaryotes in the supergroup Amoebozoa. Entamoeba species parasitise all classes of vertebrates and some invertebrates. The life cycle of most Entamoeba species consists of a motile, feeding and reproductive trophozoite stage and an environmentally resistant cyst stage responsible for transmitting the infection. Most Entamoeba species do not cause disease in their host and are considered commensal organisms. Entamoeba histolytica infection is referred to as amoebiasis regardless of whether symptoms are present. Most infections with E. histolytica in humans are asymptomatic, but E. histolytica can rarely cause dysentery or disseminated disease and is associated with significant human morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diagnosis and epidemiologic studies of E. histolytica are complicated by the presence of morphologically identical amoebae in human faeces. Entamoeba species are studied to gain insights into aspects of biology, including human disease, parasitism, evolution, cell locomotion and cell‐killing mechanisms.Keywords:
Entamoeba
Amoebiasis
Entamoeba coli
Entamoeba histolytica , the causative agent of intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis, is a common parasitic cause of significant morbidity and mortality in the developing countries. Hence, early detection and differentiation of pathogenic E. histolytica from nonpathogenic/commensal Entamoeba spp (Entamoeba dispar/Entamoeba moshkovskii/Entamoeba bangladeshi) plays a crucial role in clinical management of patients with amebiasis. Most diagnostic tests currently available do not reliably differentiate between the species of Entamoeba and are less sensitive, cumbersome to perform. Molecular-based methods are highly sensitive, easy to perform and differentiates the pathogenic Entamoeba from nonpathogenic species, serving the criteria for an ideal diagnostic test for amebiasis. Recently, microarray technology has been found to be a promising tool for the diagnostic and epidemiological evaluation of amebiasis.
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Abstract A diagnostic test for intestinal amebiasis was developed by using an ELISA that incorporated a well‐defined monoclonal antibody specific for a membrane antigen of Entamoeba histolytica . The ELISA was found to be sensitive and quite specific for E. histolytica , since there were no cross reactions with other parasites, especially Entamoeba coli , with which Entamoeba histolytica is often confused. In addition, this test detected not only E. histolytica trophozoites but also cysts. This technique will be of great value in the rapid and accurate diagnosis of E. histolytica in human fecal material.
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ABSTRACT We report the generation of monoclonal antibodies against a recombinant 170-kDa subunit of the Gal or GalNAc lectin of Entamoeba histolytica that specifically recognize E. histolytica but not Entamoeba dispar in preserved stool samples. These antibodies do not cross-react with other bowel protozoa, including Entamoeba coli , Giardia lamblia , and Dientamoeba fragilis .
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Diarrhea is a watery defecate (BAB) or even can be water only (diarrhea) more than 3 times a day. Diarrhea occurs because a person ingests food or drink contaminated with bacteria, parasites and viruses. Type of protozoa in this study is Entamoeba histolytica. The purpose of this study is to know the existence of protozoa Entamoeba histolytica on samples of diarrhea patients at Dr. Oen Surakarta Hospital
Samples were taken at Dr. Hospital Laboratory. Oen Surakarta. A total of 20 fecal samples were taken and examined by direct method using eosin solution and observed under a microscope. This research was conducted at Setia Budi University Laboratory of Surakarta
Based on the results of the research, no Entamoeba histolytica (0%) protozoa was found, but another Protozoa of Entamoeba coli was found in one sample (5%) in diarrhea patients at Dr. Oen Hospital of Surakarta.
Keywords: Diarrhea, Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba coli
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As an alternative to microscopic identification of Entamoeba histolytica parasites isolated from stool, a sensitive and species-specific DNA hybridization probe was made for rapid diagnosis of E. histolytica parasites in clinical samples directly applied to nylon membranes. The DNA hybridization probe was made by screening a genomic library of a virulent HM-1:IMSS strain of E. histolytica to detect recombinant plasmids containing highly repeated parasite DNA sequences. Four plasmid clones that reacted across Entamoeba species coded for highly repeated rRNA genes of E. histolytica. Four other plasmid clones were E. histolytica specific in that they bound to four axenized and nine xenic strains of E. histolytica but did not recognize closely related E. histolytica-like Laredo, Entamoeba moshkovskii, or Entamoeba invadens parasites. The diagnostic clones detected as few as eight cultured amoebae and did not distinguish between pathogenic and nonpathogenic zymodemes of E. histolytica. The diagnostic clones were sequenced and contained 145-base-pair sequences which appear to be tandemly repeated in the genome. No stable transcript which is homologous to the diagnostic DNA was detected. In a study of stool samples from Mexico City shown by microscopy to contain E. histolytica, Entamoeba coli, Giardia lamblia, Endolimax nana, Trichuris trichiuria, and Chilomastix mesnili parasites, the DNA hybridization probe demonstrated a sensitivity of 1.0 and a specificity of 0.93. We conclude that the DNA hybridization probe can be used for rapid and accurate diagnosis of E. histolytica parasites.
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To evaluate the intestinal parasites in (auditors) reviewers in Basra province. The present study recorded (188) persons infected with Entamoeba histolytica infection ( 21.19%) , Giardia lamblia (61) cases (6.8%), The highest infection with Entamoebahistolyticain May (27) cases ,Giardia lamblia in December (10) cases ,The lowest infection with Entamoeba histolytica in February.( 7) cases, Giardia lamblia (2) cases in August .the number infected with the parasite Entamoeba histolytica ( 100) male and 88 , 30male and 31 female infected with Giardia lamblia ;17 and 19 of male and female. The highest infection with Entamoeba histolytica in male (14) cases in May ,6 male infected with GiardiaThe lowest infection with Entamoeba histolyticain male (3) cases in February, The highest infection with Entamoeba histolytica in female (13) cases in May , 4 cases infected with Giardia lamblia in both September, November and December The highest infection with Entamoeba histolytica (52) cases at age ( 21-30) years, with Giardia lamblia ( 14) cases at age ( 11- 20) years, with Blastocystis hominis (7) cases at both age ( 1-5) years and (21-30) years. The lowest infection with Entamoeba histolytica (12) cases at age ( 1-5) years , Giardia lamblia ( 5 ) cases at age ( 1-5) years , Blastocystis hominis (5 ) cases at both age (6- 10) years and (41- 60 over) years.The study was conducted in Basra region between2nd January and31st December2019 .
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Amoebiasis, caused by the protozoa Entamoeba histolytica, only occurs in humans and primates. E. histolytica is indistinguishable from the non-pathogenic ...
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Entamoeba
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Entamoeba
Entamoeba coli
Giardia
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Abstract Entamoeba species are unicellular eukaryotes that parasitise all classes of vertebrates and some invertebrates. Only three species of Entamoeba have been proven to cause disease and sometimes death in their hosts: Entamoeba histolytica , a parasite of humans, Entamoeba nuttalli , a parasite of nonhuman primates and Entamoeba invadens , a parasite of reptiles. Other species appear to live as commensals in their hosts and do not cause evident disease. Amoebiasis is defined as infection with E. histolytica . Most cases of amoebiasis are asymptomatic, but E. histolytica can cause intestinal or disseminated disease. Identification of E. histolytica is complicated by the existence of three morphologically identical amoebae that may also colonise the human intestinal tract, Entamoeba dispar , Entamoeba bangladeshi and Entamoeba moshkovskii , none of which have been proven to cause disease (although the potential for pathogenicity in the latter two is not fully understood). Entamoeba spp. are commonly studied to gain further insight into protozoal evolution, amoeboid locomotion and cell‐killing ability, amongst other topics. Key Concepts Entamoeba species are unicellular eukaryotes in the supergroup Amoebozoa. Entamoeba species parasitise all classes of vertebrates and some invertebrates. The life cycle of most Entamoeba species consists of a motile, feeding and reproductive trophozoite stage and an environmentally resistant cyst stage responsible for transmitting the infection. Most Entamoeba species do not cause disease in their host and are considered commensal organisms. Entamoeba histolytica infection is referred to as amoebiasis regardless of whether symptoms are present. Most infections with E. histolytica in humans are asymptomatic, but E. histolytica can rarely cause dysentery or disseminated disease and is associated with significant human morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diagnosis and epidemiologic studies of E. histolytica are complicated by the presence of morphologically identical amoebae in human faeces. Entamoeba species are studied to gain insights into aspects of biology, including human disease, parasitism, evolution, cell locomotion and cell‐killing mechanisms.
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Amoebiasis
Entamoeba coli
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