Microbial Biomass and Activity in Lead-Contaminated Soil
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Keywords:
Lead (geology)
Soil microbiology
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Congener
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The presence in soil of large numbers of a catalase-negative, microaerophilic, coccoid microorganism was demonstrated. Use of media of high nutrient value, without incorporation of inhibitors, and growth in the absence of antagonistic microorganisms were utilized to isolate this organism from soil dilutions greater than those providing growth by other means. The organism described does not grow on soil extract agars and is missed by conventional counting techniques for soil organisms. It is proposed that this organism makes up much of the coccoid microflora of soil as observed by light and ultraviolet fluorescence microscopy. /Author/
Serial dilution
Soil microbiology
Microaerophile
Soil bacteria
Indicator organism
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Environmental problems caused by soil contamination can cause changes in the physical, chemical and geotechnical properties of the soil. Research on a suitable method for soil improvement has focused on the use of biological methods for soil improvement and remediation. Microbial calcium carbonate precipitation has been applied to solve many geotechnical problems. In this study, sandy soil was mixed with two conventional hydrocarbon pollutants and classic soil mechanics tests (compaction, direct shear, uniaxial and permeability tests) were implemented. The use of two bacterial solutions, two-phase injection and bacterial flocculation with injection of cementation solution, produced favorable results. Considering the lower inhibition of gasoline in low dilution, it was possible to improve with both methods. In the case of soil contaminated with motor oil, limitations on the use of microbial calcium carbonate precipitation were improved with the use of bacterial flocculation. The results of this approach were more suitable because the bacteria stabilized between the soil grains. XRD, SEM, EDS and wet chemical analysis were carried out to help confirm and interpret the results.
Motor oil
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With the development of peach industry and regularization of production, replant disease of peach is more severe. The primary concern of replant disease is autotoxicity, and therefore, it is very necessary to study the peach autotoxicity, to provide highly important theory for resolving replant disease of peach. A number of experiments were carried out. Microorganisms degrading amygdalin were screened from peach rhizosphere soil by utilization of carbon source, and to find antagonistic microorganisms to inhibit these degrading microorganisms. The main results were presented as follows: three bacteria strains that could use amygdalin as C source and degrade to cyanogens were isolated from soil samples. By plate bacteriostasis assays, three actinomyces strains from first screening of cyanogens-resisting microorganisms showed obvious antagonisms against amygdalin-degrading bacteria.
Soil microbiology
Soil fungi
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The isolates of microorganisms from the rhizosphere of spring barley plants and soil at the use of analytical selection method was isolated. Its isolates on the ability of "nitrogen-fixing activity" was tested. It was shown that isolates of microorganisms had different of the colonies formed and cultural growth on the Eshbi's selective medium as well as the ability to fixing of molecular nitrogen. The different levels of intensity and dynamics of isolates nitrogenase activity in vitro were identified. New isolates of the soil microorganisms complement of the gene pool diazotrophic bacteria. Its isolates are perspectivity for the study as the basis or components of the bacterial fertilizers for the crops.
Soil microbiology
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The main approaches to the detection of soil contamination by petroleum products using bioindication were analyzed. Necrosis of leaves of woody plants near sludge accumulators was recorded. To assess the possibility of dendroindication of soil contamination, 3 species of trees distributed on the territory of Bytkiv-Babchensky oil and gas field were selected. According to the results of the Fisher-Snedekor test, the influence of the concentration of oil products in the soil on the necrosis of tree leaves was confirmed, which confirms the possibility of using a dentroindication to detect soil contamination with oil products.
Petroleum product
Soil test
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The presence in soil of large numbers of a catalase-negative, microaerophilic, coccoid microorganism was demonstrated. Use of media of high nutrient value, without incorporation of inhibitors, and growth in the absence of antagonistic microorganisms were utilized to isolate this organism from soil dilutions greater than those providing growth by other means. The organism described does not grow on soil extract agars and is missed by conventional counting techniques for soil organisms. On the basis of morphological and growth characteristics, this organism appears to have at least some taxonomic relationships to the families Actinomycetaceae and Mycobacteriaceae. It is proposed that this organism makes up much of the coccoid microflora of soil as observed by light and ultraviolet fluorescence microscopy.
Serial dilution
Soil microbiology
Microaerophile
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