Research on Pricing and Coordination of Dual-Channel Green Supply Chain
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In recent years, environmental pollution and resource waste have become the focus of heated discussion around the world. In order to realize green and sustainable development, the development of green supply chain (GSC) has attracted the attention of many scholars. The research object of this paper is the dual-channel green supply chain (DGSC) composed of online channels and offline channels. The supplier is the leader of the entire DGSC, and it needs to optimize the wholesale price of the product and the level of green investment to maximize its own benefit. In addition, the supplier also needs to establish contracts with network sales platform (NSP) and store sales platform (SSP) to increase the benefit of NSP and SSP, and ultimately increase the benefit level of the entire DGSC. Among them, we constructed a centralized decision (CD) model and a decentralized decision (DD) model, and obtained the optimal pricing, optimal greenness and optimal benefit of the supplier, NSP and SSP under the two models. We found that the benefits of SC members under the DD model are generally lower than those of the CC model. Therefore, we built contracts between the supplier, NSP and SSP to coordinate. Finally, we substituted specific parameters to verify the model. The following conclusions are drawn: (i) When consumers prefer online sales channels, it will positively affect the online sales price, online sales volume and greenness level of DGSC. At the same time, it negatively affects offline sales price and sales volume. (ii) The benefit of DGSC and the benefit of NSP, SSP, and the supplier show a phenomenon of decline first and then increase with respect to consumers’ preference for online sales channels. (iii) Under the coordination contract, the subsidy factor positively affects the benefits of the supplier and online and offline wholesale prices, and negatively affects the benefits of online platforms and physical stores.Keywords:
Online and offline
Investment
Channel Coordination
Assuming that retailers were facing uniformly distributed market demand and the retailer's sales effort and dual channel sale prices were related to the market demand,and considering the dual channel supply chain composed of a single manufacturer and a single retailer,this paper,by establishing dual channel supply chain model,analyzed the sales efforts,the retail price,direct selling price and order quantity in the dual channel supply chain under centralized decision,and proposed the conditions to coordinate the dual channel supply chains.The results show that:the contract combining rebate-penalty contract and buy-back contract could not coordinate the dual channel supply chains,while that with the revenue sharing strategy added to the contract combining rebate-penalty contract and buy-back contract could achieve the coordination of the dual channel supply chains.Finally,the results were verified through numerical calculation.
Revenue Sharing
Channel Coordination
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Nowadays more and more manufacturers distribute products through the dual-channel which is consisting of a traditional retail channel and a direct channel.The authors analyze the characteristics of supply chain with dual-channel and present the models,consisting of a manufacture and a retailer.In order to scientifically analyze the demand strategies,price strategies and other competitions strategies,the authors also make a comparative analysis on the equilibrium results of the games in the two kinds of distribution channel.
Stackelberg competition
Channel Coordination
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The problem of supply chain and logistics risk management by combing supply chain thinking and logistics operation thinking are studied. Firstly, it expounds the sort of supply chain and logistics risk; Secondly, it analyzes supply chain risk prevention measures; At last, supply chain risk management model and supply chain logistics operation model are established.
Business logistics
Demand chain
Logistics Management
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Free riding
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The rapid development of E-commerce causes great changes of traditional marketing channel structure.Dual-channel marketing mode with joint online and offline cooperation has won the favor of more and more consumers. With brand apparel retail enterprises as research objects,this paper explores a new train of thought for dual-channel conflict management of brand apparel retail enterprises,finds the existence of many channel conflict problems in dual-channel development of brand apparel retail enterprises on the basis of summarizing the status of online and offline dual-channel development of brand apparel retail enterprises,and puts forward dual-channel conflict management strategies for brand apparel retail enterprises through market investigation on dual-channel conflict situation of brand apparel retail enterprises in combination with the analysis on investigation data,i. e. online and offline dual-channel integration strategies and online and offline dual-channel differentiation strategies,so as to provide some help for brand apparel retail enterprises during dual-channel conflict management.
Online and offline
Brand extension
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SUBTITLE: THE SUPPLY SOUNDS LIKE THE BUSINESS MANAGEMENT VERSION OF UTOPIA: A PERFECT FLOW OF INFORMATION AND MATERIALS FACILITATED BY ALL SUPPLY CHAIN PARTNERS THINKING AND ACTING AS ONE. YET RESEARCH CONDUCTED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF CARDIFF IN WALES SUGGESTS THAT THE SEAMLESS SUPPLY CHAIN IS NOT JUST A THEORETICAL CONCEPT BUT, RATHER, A REALIZABLE GOAL. THIS SUPPLY CHAIN NIRNAVA, HOWEVER, CAN ONLY BE REACHED BY REDUCING SOURCES OF UNCERTAINTY THROUGHOUT THE EXTENDED SUPPLY CHAIN.
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Information flow
Utopia
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The advancements in information technology have enabled the supply chain members to share real-time information, which further facilitates the integration of supply chain members. Since supply chain integration is a prerequisite in achieving superior supply chain performance, the objective of the current study is to determine the relationship between IT-enabled supply chain management (e-supply chain management), supply chain integration, information sharing and the performance of supply chain as a whole. Also, many authors are of the view that e-SCM and information sharing can positively enhance the integration among supply chain members, thus, another objective is to determine whether supply chain integration mediates the relationship between e-SCM and supply chain performance or not. Similar relationship is tested with information sharing as a mediator. For this, samples of 293 respondents are taken from the pharmaceutical manufacturing units and pharmacies in India. Structural equation modelling is applied to test these relationships.
Information Sharing
Demand chain
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Despite the increasing popularity of research in supply chain management significant number of research focused on forward supply chain management by neglecting one of the most important part of supply chain that is reverse supply chain management, which complete supply chain management as closed loop. Large numbers of prior research consider only one variable at a time to see performance of forward or reverse supply chain on organizational performance. However, supply chain performance is the function of different combination of variables. Therefore, this paper review the effects of transportation, inventory management, facility location and information sharing in closed loop supply chain practices on organization performance.
Demand chain
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Information Sharing
Reverse Logistics
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The management of a supply chain is both an offensive and defensive weapon that organisations can use to increase their competitive edge and capture a larger share of the market. In management science and supply chain management, multi-criteria decision making techniques have been used to solve a range of real-world problems. The problem is that many, if not most, companies in South Africa either do not have the required skills to use these decision-making techniques to improve or re-configure their supply chain, or they do not have a complete data set with which to model it effectively. In order to manage supply chains effectively, organisations at the very least need feedback on the performance of their entire supply chain. In this article, generic supply chain performance measures were used and a theoretical or empirical model was developed for the performance measurement of a national egg producer’s supply chain. It focused on a managerial program for the identification and management of their supply chain with recommendations for applying a measurement model. The overall performance of the supply chain as well as the five different performance attributes was presented to management in a dashboard format. This article could be used as a basis for future studies of supply chain performance measurement and the model could be used as a foundation for developing an improved version, not only for the egg industry, but for other industries as well.
Empirical Research
Demand chain
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Consider a two-stage supply chain consisted of single manufacturer and single retailer,we study the difference between the two kinds of channel models,namely,retailer's online channel(referred as retailer's dual-channels) and manufacturer's online channel(referred as manufacturer's dual-channels),and their suitability conditions and coordination of the dual-channel supply chain.The result shows that 1) Retailer's dual-channels are suitable for the case where the competitive gap between traditional retailing channel and online channel is small,while manufacturer's dual-channels are suitable for the case where the traditional retailing channel is more competitive;2) quantity discount contract can coordinate the retailer's dual-channels.
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