The Jrecan Device: Preclinical Data of a Novel Thrombectomy Device in Acute Thromboembolism Model of Beagle Dogs
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The aim of this study is to investigate the safety and efficiency of a Jrecan® flow restoration system, a novel thrombectomy device, in an arterial thromboembolic occlusion model of Beagle dogs.A total of 12 Beagle dogs with acute thromboembolism were randomized to receive mechanical thrombectomy with either Jrecan® flow restoration device or TrevoTM PROVUE Device (2:1). The efficacy and safety of the two devices, including recanalization rate, the presence of distal embolism, vasospasm, vessel perforation, and vessel injuries were evaluated through DSA and microscopic examination.A 100% recanalization rate (mTICI 2b/3) was achieved in both groups. Endothelial and subendothelial injuries occurred in all target vessels. Focal disruption of internal elastic lamina was observed in 4 cases. The mean vessel injury score of the Jrecan® group was 1.16 ± 0.48, significantly lower than that of the TrevoTM group (1.54 ± 0.8) (P < 0.001).The Jrecan® and TrevoTM devices demonstrated an equally high recanalization rate in Beagle dogs with acute thromboembolism. However, histological findings revealed that the Jrecan® stent seemed to be safer than the TrevoTM device during clot retrieval, which might be related to a more appropriate radial force provided by the Jrecan® stent that resulted from its wider cell design.Keywords:
Beagle
Internal elastic lamina
Perforation
To investigate histologic changes before and after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in experimental cerebral vasospasm in comparison with normal vessels.In seven monkeys, vasospasm was induced in the subarachnoid space. After 7 days, PTA was performed. Microscopic studies were performed in vasospastic vessels. In two animals, vasospasm was induced but angioplasty was not performed. The controls were two animals without vasospasm who underwent only contralateral angioplasty.Angiography after vasospasm revealed marked narrowing but dilatation after PTA, without changes in distal spastic vessels. Specimens after PTA showed platelets that covered denuded endothelium, stretching, and focal dehiscence of internal elastic lamina and altered myocytes in media. Myocytes were deformed and arranged irregularly. These changes were not uniform.The prolonged effect of PTA may be caused by mechanical damage of myocytes and the nonuniformity of histologic changes in vascular walls.
Internal elastic lamina
Cerebral Vasospasm
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Vasospasm is a serious complication associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Successful management of vasospasm will ultimately depend on a clear understanding of the scope of this phenomenon, including whether arterial elements of different calibers are equally affected. We therefore examined the responses to subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbit basilar arteries, small pial arteries, and arterioles.We compared the brain stem pial arteries of 10 perfusion-fixed male New Zealand White rabbits after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage to those of five control rabbits using morphological analysis of cross-sections of plastic-embedded vessels. After subarachnoid hemorrhage, the internal elastic lamina was highly corrugated in all basilar arteries (mean diameter 319 +/- 51 microns). These arteries were severely constricted in comparison with the control group, in which the mean diameter was 691 +/- 17 microns, and corrugation of the internal elastic lamina was not present. In contrast, small pial arteries and ar...
Internal elastic lamina
Pia mater
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We identified the presence of Renaut bodies in an unusual location in Beagle dogs on a 3-month nonclinical toxicity study. These peculiar structures are commonly reported as a background finding in the sciatic nerve of dogs. In our study, however, they were also observed in autonomic nerves surrounding the adrenal gland, a location in which they have not been reported before. The incidence in both locations were 8 of 32 Beagle dogs in the sciatic nerve and 6 of 40 Beagle dogs around the adrenal gland in the dosing and/or recovery phases of the study.
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Objective To obtain the basic data of physiological and biochemical characteristics of Beagle dog's blood which are in different sex and age,and the weight of main organs and their coefficient of 8～12 months beagle dogs were measured,for pharmaceutical and toxicological experimental references.Methods Blood samples were taken from over 3000 Beagle dogs of different age and sex.Physiological and biochemical characteristics were examined by HITACHI-7020 automatic chemistry analyzer and SWELAB-AC920EO automatic hematology analyzer.The weight of main organs and their coefficient of 128 beagle dogs were measured.Results and Conclusion Basic data of physiological and biochemical characteristics of different sex and age,and the weight of main organs and their coefficient of Beagle dog's were obtained.
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The aim of this study is to investigate the safety and efficiency of a Jrecan® flow restoration system, a novel thrombectomy device, in an arterial thromboembolic occlusion model of Beagle dogs.A total of 12 Beagle dogs with acute thromboembolism were randomized to receive mechanical thrombectomy with either Jrecan® flow restoration device or TrevoTM PROVUE Device (2:1). The efficacy and safety of the two devices, including recanalization rate, the presence of distal embolism, vasospasm, vessel perforation, and vessel injuries were evaluated through DSA and microscopic examination.A 100% recanalization rate (mTICI 2b/3) was achieved in both groups. Endothelial and subendothelial injuries occurred in all target vessels. Focal disruption of internal elastic lamina was observed in 4 cases. The mean vessel injury score of the Jrecan® group was 1.16 ± 0.48, significantly lower than that of the TrevoTM group (1.54 ± 0.8) (P < 0.001).The Jrecan® and TrevoTM devices demonstrated an equally high recanalization rate in Beagle dogs with acute thromboembolism. However, histological findings revealed that the Jrecan® stent seemed to be safer than the TrevoTM device during clot retrieval, which might be related to a more appropriate radial force provided by the Jrecan® stent that resulted from its wider cell design.
Beagle
Internal elastic lamina
Perforation
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Aim To study the pharmacokinetics of Levofloxacin(LVFX) in beagle dogs. Methods Four Beagle dogs were administered with a single dose of LVFX(25mg·kg-1) by intravenous infusion(for 60min). Plasma concentration of LVFX in Beagle dogs was determined by RP-HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters of LVFX in Beagle dogs were calculated by 3P97 software. Results The plasma concentration-time curve of LVFX in Beagle dogs confomed to a two-compartment model. Pharmacokintic parameters were t1/2β(8.23±0.65)h,Vc(7.47±3.13)L,AUC (247.00±14.10)mg· h·L-1,Cmax (30.05±1.75)mg· L-1,respectively. Conclusion Pharmacokinetic characteristics of LVFX in Beagle dogs were similar with those of humans.
Beagle
Area under curve
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Vasospasm is a serious complication associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Successful management of vasospasm will ultimately depend on a clear understanding of the scope of this phenomenon, including whether arterial elements of different calibers are equally affected. We therefore examined the responses to subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbit basilar arteries, small pial arteries, and arterioles.We compared the brain stem pial arteries of 10 perfusion-fixed male New Zealand White rabbits after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage to those of five control rabbits using morphological analysis of cross-sections of plastic-embedded vessels. After subarachnoid hemorrhage, the internal elastic lamina was highly corrugated in all basilar arteries (mean diameter 319 +/- 51 microns). These arteries were severely constricted in comparison with the control group, in which the mean diameter was 691 +/- 17 microns, and corrugation of the internal elastic lamina was not present. In contrast, small pial arteries and arterioles very rarely demonstrated a vasoconstrictive configuration after subarachnoid hemorrhage. The contractility of the smaller vessels was confirmed by injecting 2 mg/kg BaCl2 intracisternally. Following BaCl2 injection, corrugation of the internal elastic lamina was detected in the small arteries and arterioles as well as the basilar arteries.We conclude that experimental chronic vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits tends to occur in large conducting arteries rather than in smaller pial arteries and arterioles.
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The resolution of cerebral vasospasm and protection of endothelial damage by lloprost was evaluated with multicisternal injections. Sixteen adult mongrel dogs (18-20 kg) were assigned to one of three experimental groups. All animals received a total amount of 15 ml fresh unheparinized arterial blood via three injections into the cisterna magna. Selective vertebral angiography was performed on day 0 and subsequently blood injections were performed on the 2nd and 3rd days after the first injection. On the 7th day angiography was reperformed to determine the chronic vasospasm. The first group (5 dogs) was the control group and received intrathecal saline which was equal to the amount of saline in which lloprost was diluted. The second group (5 dogs) did not receive any treatment until the 7th day. The third group (6 dogs) received lloprost intrathecally (total 10 fig kg~1). In the first two groups angiographic vasospasm was prominent. For the second group intraarterial lloprost was given on the 7th day in order to evaluate its acute effect. However there was no evidence of resolution of vasospasm. In the third'group, resolution of vasospasm was verified on angiograms. Electron microscope studies of basilar arteries of the first two groups revealed degenerative changes of the endothelial cells which were separated from each other and the elastic lamina was irregularly arranged. In the intrathecal lloprost-treated group there was little thickening in the elastic lamina and the endothelial cells were almost normal in structure. These results can be considered as the evidence of the prophylactic effect of lloprost given by the intrathecal route in the prevention of chronic cerebral vasospasm. [Neurol Res 1995; 17: 301-306]
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Internal elastic lamina
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A newly developed assay for hydroxyproline (Hyp) in physiological samples was used for determining the biological variations in serum total Hyp in the beagle dog. The results showed that dietary Hyp restriction in the beagle dog results in a significant decrease in serum total Hyp over the first 24 h and that there are no obvious circadian variations in serum total Hyp concentrations in beagle dogs on dietary Hyp restriction.
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Hydroxyproline
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