Molecule Harvesting Transmitter Model for Molecular Communication Systems
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This paper develops mathematical models for molecule harvesting transmitters in diffusive molecular communication (MC) systems.In particular, we consider a communication link consisting of a spherical transmitter nano-machine and a spherical receiver nano-machine suspended in a fluid environment.The transmitter and the receiver exchange information via signaling molecules.The transmitter is equipped with molecule harvesting units on its surface.Signaling molecules which come into contact with the harvesting units may be re-captured by the transmitter.For this system, we derive closed-form expressions for the channel impulse response and harvesting impulse response.Furthermore, we extend the harvesting transmitter model to the case of continuous signaling molecule release.In particular, we derive closed-form expressions for the average received signal at the receiver and the average harvested signal at the transmitter for different temporal release rates namely, constant, linearly increasing, and linearly decreasing release rates.Finally, we validate the accuracy of the derived mathematical expressions via particle-based simulations.Keywords:
Molecular Communication
Impulse response
SIGNAL (programming language)
In this paper, a simple memory limited transmitter for molecular communication is proposed, in which information is encoded in the diffusion rate of the molecules. Taking advantage of memory, the proposed transmitter reduces the ISI problem by properly adjusting its diffusion rate. The error probability of the proposed scheme is derived and the result is compared with the lower bound on error probability of the optimum transmitter. It is shown that the performance of introduced transmitter is near optimal (under certain simplifications). Simplicity is the key feature of the presented communication system: the transmitter follows a simple rule, the receiver is a simple threshold decoder and only one type of molecule is used to convey the information.
Molecular Communication
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Nano-networks focused on communication of nano-sized devices (nanomachines) are a new communication concept, which is known as Molecular Communication (MC) in the literature. In this study, on the contrary to the literature, a mobile MC model is proposed in a diffusion environment by using 5 bits because it is known that besides the molecules, which transport information between the transmitter and receiver, the transmitter and receiver parts of the biological cells are mobile in the blood or any other fluid media. In this study, both the transmitter and the receiver can be chosen as mobile and/or fixed for some specific duties, such as drug delivery systems. Their mobility values can also be regulated separately for the proposed mobile MC model. The proposed model is analyzed for the different situations of the transmitter and receiver (fixed and/or mobile) by considering the fraction of the received molecules. Finally, the number of bits, the time step, and the bit duration are analyzed to find the best MC model. It is concluded that when the receiver and the transmitter are mobile, the distance between them changes, and finally, this affects the probability of the received molecules at the receiver.
Molecular Communication
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In this paper, a simple memory limited transmitter for molecular communication is proposed, in which information is encoded in the diffusion rate of the molecules. Taking advantage of memory, the proposed transmitter reduces the ISI problem by properly adjusting its diffusion rate. The error probability of the proposed scheme is derived and the result is compared with the lower bound on error probability of the optimum transmitter. It is shown that the performance of introduced transmitter is near optimal (under certain simplifications). Simplicity is the key feature of the presented communication system: the transmitter follows a simple rule, the receiver is a simple threshold decoder and only one type of molecule is used to convey the information.
Molecular Communication
Probability of error
Simplicity
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Molecular communications employs messenger mo-lecules to establish communication between small scale transmit-ter and receivers in a liquid environment. Messenger molecules released by the transmitter propagate through the medium via diffusion and some of them arrive at the receiver. The receiver counts the messenger molecules that have reached its surface and tries to estimate the transmitted information. Recently, in order to increase the channel communication capacity, multiple-input multiple-output molecular communication systems have been proposed in the literature. One recent example is the molecular index modulation systems, where the information is carried on the index of the active transmitter. Alignment of the transmitter and receiver planes is a crucial problem for molecular index modulation systems. Although there are analytical models for the single-input single-output communication systems, there is no such result for multiple-input multiple-output communication systems, which makes it impossible to study the misalignment problem analytically. In this work, a machine learning-based method is introduced to estimate the amount of misalignment with high accuracy.
Molecular Communication
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Communication between a transmitter and a receiver using electromagnetic waves does not scale to nano-sizes. To enable communication between nano-sized devices separated by a short distance, molecular communication has recently been proposed as a feasible scheme. The transmitter disperses molecules into the medium, which propagate to, and are sensed by, the receiver. In this paper, we wish to mathematically model such a system and subsequently characterize the information theoretic capacity of this channel. We present basic results on characterizing the mutual information between the transmitter and the receiver when information is encoded in the time of release of the molecule. To do so, we model the propagation of the molecule in this medium as Brownian motion, and derive the probability density function of the arrival time of the molecule at the receiver.
Molecular Communication
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This paper develops mathematical models for molecule harvesting transmitters in diffusive molecular communication (MC) systems.In particular, we consider a communication link consisting of a spherical transmitter nano-machine and a spherical receiver nano-machine suspended in a fluid environment.The transmitter and the receiver exchange information via signaling molecules.The transmitter is equipped with molecule harvesting units on its surface.Signaling molecules which come into contact with the harvesting units may be re-captured by the transmitter.For this system, we derive closed-form expressions for the channel impulse response and harvesting impulse response.Furthermore, we extend the harvesting transmitter model to the case of continuous signaling molecule release.In particular, we derive closed-form expressions for the average received signal at the receiver and the average harvested signal at the transmitter for different temporal release rates namely, constant, linearly increasing, and linearly decreasing release rates.Finally, we validate the accuracy of the derived mathematical expressions via particle-based simulations.
Molecular Communication
Impulse response
SIGNAL (programming language)
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In molecular communication, messages are conveyed from a transmitter to a receiver by releasing a pattern of molecules at the transmitter, and allowing those molecules to propagate through a fluid medium towards a receiver. In this paper, achievable information rates are estimated for a molecular co
Molecular Communication
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In a diffusion-based molecular communication system, molecules are employed to convey information. When we focus on absorbing receivers, we need to consider propagation and reception processes in a framework of first passage processes. For this kind of molecular communication system, the characteristics of the channel is also affected by the shape of the transmitter. In the literature, most studies focus on systems with a point transmitter due to circular symmetry. In this letter, we address the propagation and reception patterns of chemical signals emitted from a spherical transmitter. We also investigate the directivity gain achieved by the reflecting spherical transmitter. We quantify the power gain by measuring the received power at different angles on a circular region.
Molecular Communication
Directivity
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Molecular communication is an emerging paradigm for systems that rely on the release of molecules as information carriers. Communication via molecular diffusion is a popular strategy that is ubiquitous in nature and very fast over distances on the order of a micron or less. Existing closed-form analysis of the diffusion channel impulse response generally assumes that the transmitter is a point source. In this paper, channel impulse responses are derived for spherical transmitters with either a passive or absorbing receiver. The derived channel impulse responses are in closed-form for a one-dimensional environment and can be found via numerical integration for a three-dimensional environment. The point transmitter assumption (PTA) is formally defined so that its accuracy can be measured in comparison to the derived spherical transmitter impulse responses. The spherical transmitter model is much more accurate than the PTA when the distance between a transmitter and its receiver is small relative to the size of the transmitter. The derived results are verified via microscopic particle-based simulations using the molecular communication simulation platform AcCoRD (Actor-based Communication via Reaction-Diffusion). A spherical transmitter variation where molecules are released from the surface of a solid sphere is also considered via simulation.
Molecular Communication
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Molecular communication has been an important topic of nanotechnology. The combination of multi-nanomachines to form nano-networks is one of the main methods for practical applications. This paper proposes a transmitter positioning method for Molecular Communication via Diffusion systems with a single transmitter and multiple spherical absorption receivers. Receivers count the number of received molecules and use the Levenberg-Marquardt method to estimate the distance of the transmitter to each receiver, and then obtain the transmitter position by using a multi-point positioning method. Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The simulation results show that the proposed method can accurately estimate the position of the transmitter in short to medium communication ranges.
Molecular Communication
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