Marker of intrathecal immune activation for the evaluation of the IFN-β efficacy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Intrathecal IgG synthesis (IT IgG Syn) is an established biomarker used for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Earlier studies used this biomarker to assess the impact of 2 different synthetic forms of interferon alpha (IFN-α) in chronic progressive MS. Unexpectedly, IT IgG synthesis was increased by this treatment. For the first time, we have assessed this parameter in relapsing-remitting patients to measure the impact of natural IFN-α treatment in a doseranging study in six dosage groups (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, & 30 MIU). We have found that IFN-α normalized IT IgG Synthesis at 12 weeks treatment for all dosage groups. Two weeks after stopping IFN-α results rose slightly. At 52 weeks, 28 weeks after stopping IFN-a results revealed cessation of IT IgG Synthesis in half of the patients (15, 20, 25 MIU weekly). These results reflect different outcomes for relapsing-remitting patients vs. chronic progressive patients. They may, however, reflect differences in the biological properties of the interferon products used. An optimal range of dosage with natural human IFN-α dosage for MS is suggested by the results.

Relapsing remitting

Intrathecal

Alpha (finance)

10.4236/abb.2013.47a3001

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YKL-40 is a CSF biomarker of intrathecal inflammation in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis

Journal of Neuroimmunology (2016)

Joachim Burman Raili Raininko Kaj Blennow Henrik Zetterberg Markus Axelsson

Intrathecal

10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.01.013

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Comparison of IFN-β inducible gene expression in primary-progressive and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Journal of Neuroimmunology (2013)

Sridhar Boppana John E. Mindur Konstantin Balashov Suhayl Dhib‐Jalbut Kouichi Ito

Relapsing remitting

10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.10.007

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Antigen-specific tolerization approaches in multiple sclerosis

Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs (2013)

Andreas Lutterotti Roland Martinꝉ

Introduction: Inhibition of self-reactive T cells through induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance holds the promise of effective treatment of autoimmune pathology with few side effects and preservation of normal immune functions. In multiple sclerosis (MS) several approaches have been tested already in clinical trials or are currently ongoing with the aim to inhibit myelin-reactive immune responses. Areas covered: This article provides an overview of the recent and ongoing strategies to inhibit specific immune responses in MS, including different applications of myelin peptide-based approaches, T-cell vaccination, DNA vaccination and antigen-coupled cells. Expert opinion: Despite difficulties in translation of antigen-specific therapies in MS, novel approaches have the potential to effectively induce immune tolerance and ameliorate the disease. To improve efficacy of treatments, future trials should include patients in the early phases of the disease, when the autoimmune response is predominant and immune reactivity still focused. The target antigens are not fully defined yet, and robust immunomonitoring assays should developed to provide mechanistic proof of concept in parallel to showing efficacy with respect to inhibiting inflammatory disease activity in the central nervous system (CNS).

10.1517/13543784.2014.844788

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Citations (33)