The Role of the Immune System in the Bone Loss of Inflammatory Arthritis
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Hyaline cartilage
Hyaline
Synovial joint
Inflammatory arthritis
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Matrix (chemical analysis)
Joint disease
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Possibility of hyaline cartilage integrity restoration using multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSC) was studied on the rabbit model of partial thickness articular hyaline cartilage defect without subchondral plate damage. Size of defect made up 0.5 cm in diameter and 1.5 mm deep. Autologous bone marrow was harvested from the resected upper flaring portion of the ilium, single cell suspension was prepared and cultured in matrasses. Grown MMSC were centrifuged and the sediment was transferred into the cartilage defect. The cells were covered with either vicryl or gelatin sponge, or vicryl mesh. Histologic examination was performed in 4 months. It was shown that the most active regeneration of hyaline cartilage tissue, that substituted the largest part of a defect, was noted when MMSC were covered with vicryl mesh. One of the advantages of vicryl mesh use was that it neither protruded above the cartilaginous plate nor compressed the cells, and slowly resolved.
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Hyaline cartilage
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Metaplasia
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ABSTRACT: Experiments were conducted on the storage of hyaline cartilage, and on the results of cartilage allografts implanted in dogs over a two‐year period. Rejection phenomena were minimal as long as joint function was resumed early and adverse mechanical factors were controlled. Parallel experiments on dogs confirmed the potential of hyaline cartilage for repair with a smooth fibrotic membrane. It proved impossible to preserve viable hyaline cartilage grafts for longer than a week. Articular surface transplantation was performed in a small group of patients. Results have been sufficiently encouraging to conclude that human articular surface allografts may still have a place in the management of certain disorders in which artificial joint replacement may not be feasible.
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Articular surface
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Fibrocartilage
Degeneration (medical)
Synovial joint
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Limiting
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Aim: The aim of this study was to correlate the histology of cartilage repair site with long term clinical function. Materials and methods: We have analyzed the clinical results of a cohort of patients who had collagen-covered autologous chondrocyte implantations performed since 1998. Our hypothesis was that the hyaline cartilage repair does influence the clinical outcome. The modified Cincinnati scores (MCRS) of eighty-six patients were evaluated prospectively at one year and at the latest follow-up following ACI-C (mean follow-up= 4.7 years. Range= 4 to 7 years). All these patients underwent biopsies of their cartilage repair site performed at variable periods between six months and five years following ACI-C (mean=22.2 months). The neo-cartilage was graded as hyaline (n=32), mixed fibrohyaline (n=19), fibrocartilagenous (n=35) and fibrous (n=0). Results: The clinical results showed that at one year, the percentage of patients with excellent and good results was 84.4, 89.5 and 74.3 respectively for those with hyaline, mixed fibro-hyaline and fibro-cartilagenous histology respectively. Their mean MCRS were 70.8, 72.4 and 66.2 respectively. This difference was not statistically significant (p=0.34). However, their clinical scores at the latest follow-up demonstrated a significantly superior result for those with hyaline repair tissue when compared to those with mixed fibro-hyaline and fibro-cartilagenous repair tissue (p=0.05). The percentage of patients with excellent and good results for those with hyaline, mixed fibro-hyaline and fibro-cartilagenous repair was 75, 42 and 68.6 respectively. Their mean MCRS were 70.6, 56.8 and 63.9 respectively. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that any form of cartilage repair would give good clinical outcome at one year. At four years and beyond, it appears that patients with hyaline repair tissue tend to show a more favourable clinical outcome whereas those who demonstrated mixed fibrohyaline and fibrocartilagenous repair would show less favourable clinical results.
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The author having previously shown (“Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science,” vol. xvi—New Series), that a laminated appearance is produced in hyaline cartilage by imbibition of nitrate of silver, now shows that the same lamellated structure may be observed in sections of fresh cartilage stained by Bismarck brown, and that the lamellæ, as brought under observation by both methods, have approximately the same thickness and general arrangement.
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Osteoarthrosis (OA) is a group of overlapping diseases that have various etiologies, but equal biological, morphological, and clinical outcomes. OA is characterized by degenerative and destructive changes in the articular hyaline cartilage, subchondral bone, spongiosis, synovium, capsule, and articular ligamentous apparatus. The clinical symptoms of OA are closely associated with morphological changes in articular tissue elements, primarily in the articular hyaline cartilage. Six stages that reflect the magnitude of changes in the hyaline cartilage and 4 degrees of the extent of the process along the articular surface are identified.
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Spongiosis
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