Glycoursodeoxycholic acid ameliorates diet-induced metabolic disorders with inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress
Lele ChengTao ChenManyun GuoPeining LiuXiangrui QiaoYuanyuan WeiJianqing SheBolin LiWen XiJuan ZhouZuyi YuanYue WuJunhui Liu
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Abstract Recent studies reveal that bile acid metabolite composition and its metabolism are changed in metabolic disorders, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), yet its role and the mechanism remain largely unknown. In the present study, metabolomic analysis of 163 serum and stool samples of our metabolic disease cohort was performed, and we identified glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA), glycine-conjugated bile acid produced from intestinal bacteria, was decreased in both serum and stool samples from patients with hyperglycemia. RNA-sequencing and quantitative PCR results indicated that GUDCA alleviated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in livers of high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice without alteration of liver metabolism. In vitro, GUDCA reduced palmitic acid induced-ER stress and -apoptosis, as well as stabilized calcium homeostasis. In vivo, GUDCA exerted effects on amelioration of HFD-induced insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. In parallel, ER stress and apoptosis were decreased in GUDCA-treated mice as compared with vehicle-treated mice in liver. These findings demonstrate that reduced GUDCA is an indicator of hyperglycemia. Supplementation of GUDCA could be an option for the treatment of diet-induced metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis, with inhibiting ER stress.Keywords:
Steatosis
Metabolism disorder
Metabolic disorder
An early diagnostics of metabolism disorders by using different methods is still acute. In this respect, the crytstal-optic examination of the metabolism structures of blood serum, implemented in a polarized light (microscope MIN-8) is in the focus of attention. We studied the structure of blood serum of 160 patients with various metabolic disorders. The examinations were made through drying up, under control, the blood serum drops between two isotropic plates, the mentioned preparations were subsequently kept in the open air and examined under the microscope in polarized light. Simultaneously, the below substances were identified in the blood serum: oxalic acid, creatinines, total calcium, glycine, uric acid and cholesterol. In accordance with metabolic disorders, crystals were isolated, which characterize a type of a metabolic disorder. Thus, the fan-type dendrites are indicative of hyperoxaluria, druses and dendrite-like spherulites--hypercreatinemia; oolite spherulities are indicative of hypercalcemia, fine-grained particles are typical for hyperglycinemia, feather-like rays are typical for hyperuricemia and cross-like spherulites are typical of hypercholesterolemia. The suggested method improves the control over a type of metabolic disorder, and it can be used in the express diagnostics of a pre-pathology and pathology of metabolism.
Metabolic disorder
Metabolism disorder
Polarized light microscopy
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Abnormality of glucose metabolism is the majority physiology and pathology disorder of type 2 diabetes,and many pathways in insulin dependent or insulin independent glucose metabolism became unconventional.It has great importance in prevention and therapy of diabetes to illustrate the mechanism of the disorder of glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes.
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Metabolic disorder
Metabolism disorder
Abnormality
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To investigate the disorder of lipid metabolism in type 2diabetic patients. To assessed the association of cholesterol and apolipoprotein with derangement of glucose metabolism.The levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, Apo A1, Apo A2, Apo AB48, Apo B100 and Apo E were all measured in 60 type 2 diabetic patients and 60 healthy controls. The differences of these clinical indicators in the two groups have been compared. Correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis have been applied in this paper.The levels of TC, TG, LDL-C were significantly higher( P < 0. 01) and the level of HDL-C was significantly lower( P < 0. 01) in patients with type 2 diabetes which indicating a lipid metabolic abnormalities. The levels of Apo A2, Apo B100, Apo E were significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients than those in control group. Multiple regression analysis showed that Apo B100, Apo B48, LDL-C, TG were the main factors of FBG level. It was showed that apolipoproteins, especially Apo B, isassociated with glucose metabolism disorder.T2 DM patients are obviously associated with abnormal lipid metabolism, and the apolipoproteins may play an important role in derangement of glucose metabolism.
Metabolism disorder
Metabolic disorder
Lipid Metabolism Disorder
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Lipid Profile
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Babies with any type of metabolic disorders lack the ability to break down the food well, which may induce too little amino acids, phenylalanine and blood sugar to the body, there are numerous kinds of this disorders, most of babies with a genetic metabolic disease have many mutation in gene that coded an enzyme which results a deficiency in same enzyme are hundreds of these disorders and they were diagnosed by their symptoms and the treatment method. The treatment methods of the metabolic disorder depend on the specific type of disorders, inborn metabolic disease are some-time treated with dietary guidance, and other childcare choices, many hereditary metabolic disease are initially caused by gene mutations and that transferred from parents to offspring.
Metabolic disorder
Metabolism disorder
Genetic disorder
Metabolic disease
Enzyme deficiency
Amino acid metabolism
Inherited disease
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Obesity is a risk factor for glucose metabolism disorder. This study explored the association between the tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) and indicators of glucose metabolism disorder in children with obesity in China. This retrospective case–control study included children aged 3 to 18 years old diagnosed with obesity at Jiangxi Provincial Children’s Hospital (China) between January 2020 and April 2022. Demographic and clinical characteristics were obtained from the medical records. Factors associated with glucose metabolism disorder were explored by logistic regression analysis. Pearson correlations were calculated to evaluate the relationships between TMI and indicators of glucose metabolism disorder. The analysis included 781 children. The prevalence of glucose metabolism disorder was 22.0% (172/781). The glucose metabolism disorder group had an older age (11.13 ± 2.19 vs 10.45 ± 2.33 years old, P = .001), comprised more females (76.8% vs 66.9%, P = .008), had a higher Tanner index ( P = .001), and had a larger waist circumference (89.00 [82.00–95.00] vs 86.00 [79.00–93.75] cm, P = .025) than the non-glucose metabolism disorder group. There were no significant differences between the glucose metabolism disorder and non-glucose metabolism disorder groups in other clinical parameters, including body mass index (26.99 [24.71–30.58] vs 26.57 [24.55–29.41] kg/m 2 ) and TMI (18.38 [17.11–19.88] vs 18.37 [17.11–19.88] kg/m 3 ). Multivariable logistic regression did not identify any factors associated with glucose metabolism disorder. Furthermore, TMI was only very weakly or negligibly correlated with indicators related to glucose metabolism disorder. TMI may not be a useful indicator to screen for glucose metabolism disorder in children with obesity in China.
Association (psychology)
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Metabolism disorder
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To study the relationship between lipid metabolism disorder and TCM syndromes in type Ⅱ diabetes,the level of blood cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein(HDL),low density lipoprotein (LDL),apolipoprotein AI and B were tested in 75 patients,and 23 normal cases as control,after being divided into the syndrome of hyperactivity YANG due to YIN deficiency and the syndrome of deficiency of both YIN and YANG. The result showed that there were significant differences between the observation and control group.It indicates that there is serious lipid metabolism disorder which is related to the TCM syndromes differentiation in type Ⅱ diabetes.It implies that an active treatment of reducing lipid should be used.
Lipid Metabolism Disorder
Metabolism disorder
Metabolic disorder
High-density lipoprotein
Lipid Profile
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Animals following a high-fructose diet during eight weeks, have experienced changes in metabolism and the signs of insulin resistance have developed. Under such conditions, moderate hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperuricemia, an increase of the level of glycosylated hemoglobin in whole blood were observed. The significant role of the HOMA-IR index, as an early marker of carbohydrate metabolism disorders at the stage of pre-diabetes, has been confirmed. In experimental animals against the background of the high-fructose diet, the changes in the lipid spectrum of the blood were revealed: an increase of the total cholesterol level, low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides against the background of a high-density lipoproteins decrease. These disorders and a significant increase of the atherogenicity reflect the development of secondary dyslipidemia. In this case, the disorders of carbohydrate metabolism were combined with the degree of dyslipidemia. Males were found to have at increased risk of development the insulin resistance and comorbid pathology. Iodine deficiency, especially of congenital nature, is an aggravating factor of metabolic disorders. The obtained data can serve as a basis for extend of preventive measures and identification of the priority treatment schemes for type 2 diabetes mellitus in residents of endemic regions.
Dyslipidemia
Hyperinsulinemia
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Metabolism disorder
Metabolic disorder
Lipid Metabolism Disorder
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OBJECTIVE To study the effects of compound of Chinese rhubarb and active carbon on lipid metabolism disorder in rats model of chronic renal insufficiency induced by 7/8 nephrectomy.METHODSIt was established that rats model of chronic renal insufficiency induced by 7/8 nephrectomy to observe the content of total cholesterol, triglyce ride, Apo A 1 and Apo B in serum between the treatment and control group in 16 weeks.RESULTS It was found that total cholesterol, triglyceride and the rate of Apo A 1/Apo B in the treatment group were significantly lower than that in the control group, and Apo A 1 and Apo B had no changes between two groups.CONCLUSIONS The compound of Chinese rhubarb and active carbon can improve the lipid metabolism disorder in rats model of chronic renal insufficiency induced by 7/8 nephrectomy.
Chronic renal insufficiency
Metabolic disorder
Metabolism disorder
Lipid Metabolism Disorder
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Authors examined 539 schoolgirls in the age 7-16 years old. Dosorders of lipid metabolism occurred in 48.4% of cases; hyperuricemia more than 0.32 mmol/l--in 25% of cases; excessive body weight and obesity--in 15% of cases. So more than half of female population some metabolic disorders. High frequency of metabolic disorders prove the necessity of dietetic correction in dependence on type of prevailed metabolic changes. Diet counted all the amount of metabolic disorders must be most effective.
Metabolism disorder
Metabolic disorder
Purine metabolism
Lipid Metabolism Disorder
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