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    Managing shoulder pain: a meta-ethnography exploring healthcare providers’ experiences
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    Abstract:
    To review and synthesize qualitative research studies exploring the experiences of Healthcare Providers (HCPs) of managing shoulder pain.A meta-ethnographic approach was adopted to review and synthesize eligible studies. The findings from each included study were translated into one another using Noblit and Hares' seven-stage process. A systematic search of eleven electronic databases was conducted in February 2021. Methodological quality was assessed using the CASP Appraisal Tool.Ten studies were included in the meta-synthesis, all deemed of high methodological quality. Three themes were identified; (1) Lack of consensus: "we all have different approaches." (2) Challenges to Changing Practice: It's "really hard to change and switch to a different approach," (3) Getting "Buy in" to Treatment: "…so you have to really sell it early".Healthcare providers working with people with shoulder pain struggle to reconcile, often conflicting, research recommendations with their own clinical experience, beliefs and patient expectations. These findings help explain the continued lack of consensus on how best to manage shoulder pain in clinical practice.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONHealthcare providers (HCPs) working with people with shoulder pain struggle to resolve conflicts between evidence-based recommendations, clinical experience, their own shoulder pain beliefs and patient expectations and preferences.Stronger collaboration across professional disciplines is needed to address the current lack of consensus on the management of shoulder pain.Many HCP's find it difficult to engage patients with shoulder pain in exercise and they work hard to "sell" this approach to patients using strategies such as education, shared decision making and therapeutic alliance.
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    Critical appraisal
    Abstract Background Evidence‐based decision‐making and practice recommendations are commonly based on findings from quantitative studies or reviews. In the present study, we provide an overview of how to incorporate findings from qualitative research into the evidence‐based decision‐making process. Methods To illustrate how qualitative evidence can be integrated into the decision‐making process, we have outlined a clinical nutrition scenario and the process for sourcing credible evidence to inform decision‐making. A qualitative health research study was selected and appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skill Programme (CASP) appraisal tool for qualitative research. Based on the results of the critical appraisal, the study quality is considered, and we discuss whether the qualitative evidence can be applied to practice. Results A detailed description of how the qualitative findings can be used conceptually and instrumentally in practice to address the clinical nutrition scenario is provided. Conclusions Developing skills in critically appraising findings from qualitative studies will increase awareness and utilisation of this type of evidence in practice and policy, with a goal to ensure that patient/client perceptions are considered, leading to enhanced person‐centred care or systems.
    Critical appraisal
    Evidence-Based Medicine
    Evidence-Based Practice
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