Two-dimensional taxonomy of internet addiction and assessment of smartphone addiction with diagnostic criteria and mobile apps
13
Citation
28
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
A recent review by Montag et al. raised a taxonomical argument about internet addiction. We propose a two-dimensional taxonomy of internet addiction by both the device and the content as the solution. For the assessment of smartphone addiction, measurements should be based on functional impairment and validated by diagnostic criteria rather than solely on self-reported questionnaires. We detail the potential of mobile applications (apps) to improve the assessment of smartphone addiction. App-generated indicators could fulfill the unmet need of assessment of smartphone addiction and facilitate future assessment and treatment planning of smartphone addiction.Keywords:
Smartphone addiction
Behavioral addiction
Smartphone application
Mobile apps
Smartphone addiction
Smartphone application
Cite
Citations (225)
Global smartphone expansion has brought about unprecedented addictive behaviors. The current diagnosis of smartphone addiction is based solely on information from clinical interview. This study aimed to incorporate application (app)-recorded data into psychiatric criteria for the diagnosis of smartphone addiction and to examine the predictive ability of the app-recorded data for the diagnosis of smartphone addiction.Smartphone use data of 79 college students were recorded by a newly developed app for 1 month between December 1, 2013, and May 31, 2014. For each participant, psychiatrists made a diagnosis for smartphone addiction based on 2 approaches: (1) only diagnostic interview (standard diagnosis) and (2) both diagnostic interview and app-recorded data (app-incorporated diagnosis). The app-incorporated diagnosis was further used to build app-incorporated diagnostic criteria. In addition, the app-recorded data were pooled as a score to predict smartphone addiction diagnosis.When app-incorporated diagnosis was used as a gold standard for 12 candidate criteria, 7 criteria showed significant accuracy (area under receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] > 0.7) and were constructed as app-incorporated diagnostic criteria, which demonstrated remarkable accuracy (92.4%) for app-incorporated diagnosis. In addition, both frequency and duration of daily smartphone use significantly predicted app-incorporated diagnosis (AUC = 0.70 for frequency; AUC = 0.72 for duration). The combination of duration, frequency, and frequency trend for 1 month can accurately predict smartphone addiction diagnosis (AUC = 0.79 for app-incorporated diagnosis; AUC = 0.71 for standard diagnosis).The app-incorporated diagnosis, combining both psychiatric interview and app-recorded data, demonstrated substantial accuracy for smartphone addiction diagnosis. In addition, the app-recorded data performed as an accurate screening tool for app-incorporated diagnosis.
Smartphone app
Smartphone addiction
Gold standard (test)
Behavioral addiction
Mobile apps
Smartphone application
Cite
Citations (31)
There has been a growing literature that has utilized logged behavior from smartphones to study the impacts of technology use on individuals. One of these proposed impacts has been that people become addicted to their smartphones. Measurements of smartphone addiction do not appear to strongly correlate with actual behavior logged from smartphones. Instead, smartphone addiction may be better explained by distress rather than disordered behavior, but this has not been adequately tested. This study examined the relative contributions of self-reported and actual smartphone behavior alongside key mental health and individual differences in a pre-registered, two-wave study with a two-week re-test. 511 smartphone users (391 at Time 2) completed measures of smartphone usage, attitudes towards smartphone usage, smartphone addiction, other behavioral addictions, and individual differences. The results suggest smartphone addiction is principally driven by perceived rather than actual usage, especially where these are discordant. Self-reported smartphone usage, other behavioral addictions, and the impulsivity facet of negative urgency are more predictive of smartphone addiction than logged behavior. These results suggest that volume of smartphone usage is insufficient in of itself to explain problematic smartphone behavior and questions the criterion validity of smartphone addiction measurements.
Smartphone addiction
Smartphone application
Sample (material)
Behavioral addiction
Cite
Citations (16)
최근 스마트폰 사용자들이 급격히 증가함에 따라 다양한 사회적 문제점들이 발생되고 있다. 대표적으로, 과도한 스마트폰의 사용과 잘못된 이용습관은 '스마트폰 중독(smartphone addiction)'과 '스마트폰 질병(smartphone disease)'과 같은 새로운 사회적 문제점들을 야기시키고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제들을 사전에 예방하기 위해 스마트폰 사용자의 패턴을 방향센서를 이용해서 수집하고 분석해서 스마트폰 중독 및 질병을 예방하는 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 사용자의 스마트폰 사용형태와 사용시간을 실시간으로 분석하여 위험수준에 도달하였을 경우, 사용자에게 이를 알려 줌으로써 사용자 자신이 사전에 위험을 인지할 수 있도록 하며, 자신의 의지로 스마트폰 사용을 절제하도록 하여 스마트폰 중독 및 질병을 사전에 예방할 수 있도록 제안한다. In recent years, in accordance with the rapidly increasing number of smartphone users, various social problems have started to occur. Examples of these problems are the overuse of smartphones and bad usage habits of smartphone users that can cause new social problems such as smartphone addiction and other smartphone related diseases. With the aim of preventing these social problems, this paper proposes a new smartphone addiction and disease prevention system. This system was developed by collecting and analyzing smartphone usage patterns. This proposed system analyzes the usage patterns and working hours of smartphone users in real time. If the detected smartphone usage patterns reach a dangerous level, the system will send warning messages to the user. This will enable users to recognize the unhealthy situation in advance by themselves. In addition, this solution could possibly prevent smartphone addiction and other smartphone related illness by preventing overuse and encouraging abstinence from using smartphones to the extent that it becomes harmful to the user.
Smartphone addiction
Smartphone application
Smartphone app
mHealth
Mobile apps
Cite
Citations (3)
Smartphone addiction
Mobile apps
Smartphone app
Smartphone application
Cite
Citations (361)
A recent review by Montag et al. raised a taxonomical argument about internet addiction. We propose a two-dimensional taxonomy of internet addiction by both the device and the content as the solution. For the assessment of smartphone addiction, measurements should be based on functional impairment and validated by diagnostic criteria rather than solely on self-reported questionnaires. We detail the potential of mobile applications (apps) to improve the assessment of smartphone addiction. App-generated indicators could fulfill the unmet need of assessment of smartphone addiction and facilitate future assessment and treatment planning of smartphone addiction.
Smartphone addiction
Behavioral addiction
Smartphone application
Mobile apps
Cite
Citations (13)
The number of smartphone users throughout the world is increasing day by day. Even the age of smartphone access, too, is decreasing with time. Today, smartphone addiction is the most important concern of parents and caretakers of teenagers. The increasing time spent by teenagers on smartphone raises the concern why they spend so much time on it. The present research tries to explore gender differences in smartphone usage pattern of adolescents and therefore, tries to explore possible reasons for both genders for increasing smartphone addiction. The present study was conducted on a sample of 300 adolescents and findings suggest that females and males have significantly different pattern of smartphone usage. The present study also tries to explore causes of problematic smartphone usage among females (as they spend significantly more amount of time on smartphones than males) and possible solutions for the same.
Smartphone addiction
Smartphone application
Smartphone app
Sample (material)
Cite
Citations (19)
Smartphone addiction
Smartphone application
Smartphone app
Cite
Citations (67)
Measurements of smartphone addiction weakly correlate with actual behaviour logged from smartphones. Instead, smartphone addiction may probe distress rather than disordered behaviour, but this has not been adequately tested. This study examined the relative contributions of self-reported and actual smartphone behaviour alongside key mental health and individual differences in a pre-registered, two-wave study with a two week re-test. 511 smartphone users (391 at Time 2) completed measures of smartphone usage, attitudes towards smartphone usage, smartphone and other behavioural addictions, and individual differences. Smartphone addiction is principally driven by perceived rather than actual usage, especially where these are discordant. Self-reported smartphone usage, other behavioural addictions, and the impulsive facet of negative urgency are more predictive of smartphone addiction than logged behaviour. These results fail to support the idea that volume of smartphone usage is a sufficient criterion for an addictive behaviour and questions the validity of smartphone addiction measurements.
Smartphone addiction
Smartphone application
Sample (material)
Cite
Citations (3)
Usage Prediction and Effectiveness Verification of App Restriction Function for Smartphone Addiction
In recent years, there has been a growing problem of smartphone addiction. As the excessive use of smartphones has negatively impacted our daily lives, many apps for reducing smartphone addiction have been developed around the world. In this study, we focus on the app restriction function, which is one of the key features of digital medicines for smartphone addiction, and analyze the usage of the function and verify its effectiveness. The results showed significant differences in both psychological and behavioral aspects between those who used the app restriction function and those who did not. Specifically, we found that the app restriction function was more likely to be used by those who were more aware of their smartphone addiction. We also found that the app restriction function was effective in lessening smartphone usage time, especially when the smartphone addiction is relatively moderate.
Smartphone addiction
Smartphone application
Smartphone app
Mobile apps
Cite
Citations (9)