EFEKTIVITAS SEDIAAN SALEP EKSTRAK BUNGA KECOMBRANG (Etlingera elatior) TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA INSISI PADA TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus)
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This study was conducted to determine the effect of ointment extract of kecombrang flower (Etlingera elatior) on healing incision wounds in white rats (Ratus norvegicus) in terms of the formation of wound scab, wound closure time and wound attachment. The experimental research used is Randomized complete design with 4 treatments with 6 replications. The treatments applied were P0 as a negative control, P1 (20% kecombrang flower extract ointment), P2 (30% kecombrang flower extract ointment) and P3 (40% kecombrang flower extract ointment). Parameters of this study were the wound caropeng, wound closure time and wound attachment. The results obtained were different median values in the four groups with p = 0,000 (p <0.05) in the Kruskal Wallis test. In the Mann Whitney test were significant differences between the groups of 20% kecombrang flower extract ointment concentration, 30% concentration and 40% concentration in the negative control group. The most effective result is ointment extract of kecombrang flower 20% on healing incision wounds.Keywords:
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Positive control
Aim: To test the hypothesis that gold-coated orthodontic accessories used for canine traction are less cytotoxic than those made of stainless steel. Methods: Six different orthodontic accessories were evaluated, three of them made from stainless steel (1 – bracket, 2 – button, 3 – mesh pad) and three made from a gold-coated alloy (4 – small mesh pad, 5 button, 6 – big mesh pad). Three control groups were also analyzed: Positive control (C+), consisting of Tween 80 cell detergent; Negative control (C-), consisting of PBS; and Cell control (CC), consisting of cells not exposed to any material. Dye-uptake technique, in which neutral red dye is incorporated into viable cells, was used to assess the cytotoxicity of the accessories. Viable cell counting was performed using a spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Results: Statistically significant differences (P< 0.05) were found between Groups 1-3 and Groups 4-6. However, no differences were found between Groups 1-3 and Groups C- and CC, and neither between Groups 4-6 and Group C+. Conclusions: The tested hypothesis was not confirmed since gold-coated orthodontic accessories were found to be more cytotoxic than those made of stainless steel.
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Negative control
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Objective To establish a new method for the quantitative analysis of endodontic microleakage. Methods Forty straight human maxillary anterior teeth were divided randomly into two groups: Test group (20 roots) were obturated by laterally condensed gutta - percha and AHplus; the control group were 10 positive control and 10 negative control. The coronal part of roots were immersed in 1mol/L glucose solution and apical part in 1ml distilled water. Glucose solution was forced under a 15cm pressure toward the apical part of the root. Leakage along the root filling was measured by the concentration of glucose in apical reservoir at 1,2,4,7,10,15,20,25,30days with GOD method. Results Leakage was high in the positive control and could not be detected in the negative control. Leakage in the test group was obviously lower than that of in the positive control. Conclusion The method is simple,sensitive and accurate. The clinical relevance and feasibility are good.
Positive control
Distilled water
Negative control
Leakage (economics)
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Temulawak is a medicinal plant that contains curcumin compounds that have antioxidant activity so potentially as a hepatoprotector. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of extract and dry extract of temulawak as a hepatoprotector. This study used 30 rats divided into 5 groups namely, control group I normal, negative control II, III positive control, IV given temulawak extract dose 800 mg / kgBB rat, V was given dry extract of ginger dose 800 mg / kgBB rat. Determination of initial SGOT and SGPT levels was performed on day 0. The administration of extracts and dried extracts was given on days 1-14. Day 11-13 was given paracetamol except the normal group. The final SGOT and SGPT assay was performed on day 14. The difference data of SGOT and SGPT was analyzed by ANOVA test and then used Tukey test to know the difference between the test group. The results showed that extract doses of 800 mg / kgBB and positive control (curcuma) there was no significant difference. The 800 mg / kgBB dose extract and positive control (curcuma) had comparable effectiveness, but the extract differed significantly with dry extract.
Keywords: Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), Paracetamol, hepatoprotector.
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Negative control
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OBJECTIVE:To discuss the mutagenesis and anti-mutagenesis effects of juglans mandshurica maxim extract(JMME)and to evaluate whether juglans mandshurica is genotoxie or not.METHODS:To choose 80 KM mice,and randomly grouped negative control group,positive control group(CP,0.04 g/kg),water extract groups with different dose JMME(6.55,13.09,26.18 g/kg,1/8,1/4,1/2 LD_(50)),and antimutagenieity groups with different dose JMME water extract and CP(0.04 g/kg).There were 8 groups with 10 mice each group.Test whether the JMME had genotoxicity and anti-mutagenic effect,marrow micronuclei test was carried out.RESULTS:The micronucleus incidence of negative control group was 2.65‰,and that of positive control group was 28.82‰(P0.01).But there were little statistical differences(P0.05)between the water extract groups with different doses JMME and the negative control group.Comparing the antimutagenicity groups with the positive control group,the low dose(6.55 g/kg)group showed no statistical significance(P0.05),but both the intermediate dose(12.09 g/kg)group and the high dose(26.18 g/kg)group had significant difference(P0.05),and the high dose group was lower than the intermediate group(P0.05). CONCLUSION:Under our experimental conditions,JMME had no genotoxicity.For the micronucleus incidence induced by CP,it had some dose-dependent anti-mutagenesis effect.
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Negative control
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The high total phenol and flavonoids contained in Dayak bulb extracts are
antioxidants that can counteract free radicals. This study aims to prove the effect
of onion bulb extract on the prevention of increased necrosis of epithelial cells of
proximal tubular renal and serum MDA levels of mice exposed to lead acetate by
oral.
The experimental animals were 30 mice divided into 5 treatment groups.
The control group K (-) was given only a placebo of CMC-Na, K (+) which was
given only lead, K treatment group K(1) given Dayak extract at 65 mg/kgBW,
K(2) with a dose of 130 mg/kgBW, K(3) given Dayak extract at a dose of 260
mg/kgBW.
The results of Brown-Forsythe test for proximal tubular epithelial cell
necrosis showed significant differences (p = 0.001), while the Games-Howell test
results were significantly different between the negative control group and the
Dayak 65 mg/kgBB onion extract group, there was a significant difference
between the groups positive control with treatment on dayak extract of 130
mg/kgBW and 260 mg/kgBW. It can be proven that the higher doses of Dayak
extract can prevent proximal tubular epithelial cell necrosis. Based on One Way
Anova test at MDA level there was significant difference (p <0.001) between all
groups, where as LSD test showed that there was significant difference between
positive control group and all treatment groups of Dayak extract. In the negative
control group there were also significant differences to all treatment groups of
Dayak extracts.
In conclusion, Dayak bulb extracts prevented the increase in proximal
renal epithelial necrosis of the kidney and serum MDA levels of mice exposed to
lead acetate by oral
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Negative control
Bulb
Lead acetate
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<p><em>Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is known as a plant rich in antioxidants and has various pharmacological activities. This study aims to determine the activity of the ethanolic extract of G. mangostana L. to decrease mercury levels in the kidneys. Mangosteen rind was extracted using 96% ethanol using the maceration method to form a thick extract. The experimental animals used in this study were Swiss Webster strain mice which were grouped into normal group (CMC suspension 0.5%), negative control (induction of HgCl2 solution), positive control (induction of HgCl2 solution followed by administration of curcumin at a dose of 100mg/KgBW). , and the test group was given mangosteen peel extract at a dose of 200mg/kgBW, 400mg/kgBW, 600mg/kgBW. In the test group, mice were induced using HgCl2 for 14 days, followed by administration of ethanol extract of mangosteen rind for 24 days. Observations were made with kidney organ surgery and observations were made using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) and analyzed using ANOVA. The test results showed mercury accumulation in the negative, positive control group, and the test doses of 200, 400 and 600mg/kgBW, respectively, were 44.3mg/kg, 7.3mg/kg, 36.46mg/kg, 35.7mg/kg. kg and 31.34mg/kgBW with an effective dose of 600mg/KgBW.</em></p>
Garcinia Mangostana
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Positive control
Maceration (sewage)
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A research of hepatoprotector activity from matoa’s leaf (Pometia pinnata) ethanolic extract on male white rat induced by paracetamol has been done. This study aimed to find out any hepatoprotector activity from matoa’s leaf ethanolic extract based on measurement of SGPT and SGOT levels and also histopathology pictures of rats’ liver. The experiment was done on 24 male white Wistar rats that devided into 6 groups of treatment. Rats in group I as normal control were only given 1% sodium CMC, rats in group II as negative control were given paracetamol 2 g/kgBB, rats in group III as positive control were given N-acetylcysteine, and rats in groups IV, V, and VI as test group was given extract of 125, 250, 500 mg/kgBB doses. The average of SGPT on normal, negative, positive, and test group of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kgBB doses were 81.17 ± 10.07; 285.90 ± 128.31; 95.57 ± 3.01; 208.0 ± 62.0; 156.76 ± 26.15; 98.43 ± 18.58 U/L. While the average of SGOT on normal, negative, positive, test group of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kgBB doses were 175.14 ± 8.07; 331.23 ± 64.79; 192.9 ± 8.52; 279.4 ± 22.50; 231.26 ± 36.99; 198.42 ± 12.66 U/L. Respectively the result indicated that matoa’s leaf ethanolic extract significantly (p<0.05) lowered SGPT and SGOT levels compared to control negative group and influenced the histopathology pictures of paracetamol-induced rats’ liver. Dose of 500 mg/kgBB gave better hepatoprotector activity than doses of 125 and 250 mg/kgBB. Hepatoprotector activity on this group was shown by the reduction of SGPT and SGOT levels and also normal hepatic histopathology without degeneration of hepatocyte, bleeding of liver tissue or necrosis cell although toxic dose of paracetamol has been given
Negative control
Positive control
Histopathology
Normal group
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Fibroblasts play a role in the wound healing process. The active compound content of Spirulina sp. has fibroblastic activity. The use of extracts from S. platensis can play a role in the wound healing process. To analyze the effectiveness of Spirulina platensis extract on the number of fibroblasts in rats that were incised in their skin. This study used a randomized post test only control group design. Forty-eight male Wistar rats were skin incised and infected with S.aureus divided into 4 groups, namely the group given S.platensis extract at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW/day, a dose of 750 mg/kgBW/day, the negative control group was given saline solution and positive control group with diclofenac 20 mg/kgBW orally. The number of fibroblasts was counted on histopathological examination of the wound tissue on the 7th and 14th days covering 5 visual fields. Data analysis was carried out with a one way ANOVA test and continued with the LSD Post Hoc Test. The mean number of fibroblasts on the 7th day in the 500 mg/kgBW/day group, 750 mg/kgBW/day, positive control and negative control was 13.33 ± 3.615; 117.42±3.980; 9.58±2.417; and 4.00 ± 1.761 with p 0.001. The number of fibroblasts on the 14th day in the 500 mg/kgBW/day, 750 mg/kgBW/day group, positive control and negative control was 16.17 ± 3.251; 19.67±1.633; 12.17±2.137; and 8.33 ± 2.317 with p 0.001. The post hoc test found that the number of fibroblasts on day 7 significantly increased in the 500 mg/kgBB/day S. platensis group compared to the positive and negative control groups. While at a dose of 750 mg/kg/day, the number of fibroblasts was higher than the positive and negative control groups after 14 days of treatment.Administration of Spirulina platensis extract at doses of 500 and 750 mg/kg/day significantly increased the number of fibroblasts in the incision wounds of Wistar rats.
Spirulina (dietary supplement)
Negative control
Positive control
Physiological saline
Post hoc
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This study aims to determine the effectiveness of kecombrang flower extract (Etlingera elatior jack R.M.sm) on the death of Culex quenquefasciatus Say larvae. Experimental animals used were Culex quenquefasciatus Say larvae, amounting to 625 tails. The design used was a randomized complete design with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The five treatments consisted of two test groups, namely the treatment group consisting of concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and the control group consisting of positive control namely abate and negative control namely aquades. Observation of mosquito larvae death was done every 2 hours for 12 hours. The data obtained were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test and continued with the Duncan test. Based on the results of the one way ANOVA calculation the value of sig.0.00 <0.05 means that there are significant differences between treatments. Duncan test results on the treatment of 10% and 15% kecombrang flower extract have the ability as a larvicide high and equal to positive control (abate). Based on the results of the study it was concluded that the extract of kecombrang flower (Etlingera elatior jack R.M.sm) had the ability to larvae against the Culex quenquefasciatus Say mosquito.
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Positive control
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The wound is an injury to the part of the body where the skin and underlying tissues lose its tissue continuity. Lemongrass is one of the grass plants that often used as a medicine that can function as an antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant that can affect the wound healing process. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of lemongrass extract (Cymbopogon citratus) on wound healing in white mice. This research is true experimental research with a post-test only control group design. This research used 25 white mice divided into 5 groups: 30% lemongrass extract, 60% lemongrass extract, 80% lemongrass extract, negative control (Aquades) and positive control (Bioplacenton). The grouping of subjects was carried out randomly. Normality test using the Shapiro Wilk test shows the p-value in each group > 0.05, it can be concluded that the data distribution is normal. Levene's Test homogeneity test was obtained p-value = 0.730 (p> 0.05), thus the data variant is homogeneous. The results of the analysis with One-Way ANOVA test showed p-value = 0.881 (p > 0.05). There was no difference in the effectiveness of lemongrass extract (Cymbopogon citratus) 30%, 60%, and 80% compared to negative control groups and positive control of wound healing in white mice. However, wound healing in the 60% lemongrass extract group was faster and total wound healing had occurred on the 14th day. Wound healing is slowest in the 80% lemongrass extract group.
Cymbopogon citratus
Negative control
Positive control
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