Rapid detection of pecan root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne partityla, in laboratory and field conditions using loop-mediated isothermal amplification
Sumyya WaliullahJessica K. BellGanpati B. JagdaleTammy StackhouseAbolfazl HajihassaniT. B. BrennemanMd Emran Ali
17
Citation
30
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
Meloidogyne partityla is the dominant root-knot nematode (RKN) species parasitizing pecan in Georgia. This species is known to cause a reduction in root growth and a decline in the yields of mature pecan trees. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of this RKN is required to control this nematode disease and reduce losses in pecan production. In this study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method was developed for simple, rapid, and on-site detection of M. partityla in infested plant roots and validated to detect the nematode in laboratory and field conditions. Specific primers were designed based on the sequence distinction of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-18S/5.8S ribosomal RNA gene between M. partityla and other Meloidogyne spp. The LAMP detection technique could detect the presence of M. partityla genomic DNA at a concentration as low as 1 pg, and no cross reactivity was found with DNA from other major RKN species such as M. javanica, M. incognita and M. arenaria, and M. hapla. We also conducted a traditional morphology-based diagnostic assay and conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to determine which of these techniques was less time consuming, more sensitive, and convenient to use in the field. The LAMP assay provided more rapid results, amplifying the target nematode species in less than 60 min at 70°C, with results 100 times more sensitive than conventional PCR (~2-3 hrs). Morphology-based, traditional diagnosis was highly time-consuming (2 days) and more laborious than conventional PCR and LAMP assays. These features greatly simplified the operating procedure and made the assay a powerful tool for rapid, on-site detection of pecan RKN, M. partityla. The developed LAMP assay will facilitate accurate pecan nematode diagnosis in the field and contribute to the management of the pathogen.Keywords:
Root-knot nematode
Azadirachtins A, B and H showed LD50 of 460.7, 125.8 and 229.4 ppm, respectively against the second stage juveniles of root-knot nematode, Meloidgyne incognita. On exposure to UV light, 32 times loss in the nematicidal activity of Aza-A, 14.6 times in Aza-B and 66.5 times in Aza-H, was observed. Aza-A was the most sensitive to hydrolysis with only 17% of the initial content remaining in the aqueous nematode culture medium after 48 h. In contrast, 86 to 87% of azadirachtins B and H was found after this period. The nematode mortality correlated significantly with period of incubation and azadirachtin content of the medium. Aza-B showed the maximum nematicidal activity against M. incognita and was stable against both hydrolytic and photodegradation.
Root-knot nematode
Azadirachtin
Cite
Citations (1)
Root knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita are responsible for heavy economic losses to many agricultural crops and considered the most difficult crop pest to control.Recently attention on environmental and food safety in addition to human health has led to increase the limitations on using chemical nematocides and searching for environmental safe natural nematocides.Saponins extracted from Medicago sativa L., alfalfa was used to control the infection of tomato seedlings with root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita.The results indicated that saponin treatments led to significant reduction in the numbers of larva of root knot nematodes in tomato roots and in soil.The highest nematode inhibition was observed in the treatment of 100% of saponin crude extracts.The observed reduction of the number of nematode larva in tomato roots and in soil were found to be correlated with the decline of cholesterol level in root knot nematode eggs which is due to saponins from Medicago sativa, in a concentration dependent manner.Also saponin treatments showed a general improvement in plant growth and performance.
Root-knot nematode
Cite
Citations (18)
The study was aimed at finding root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita and studying its survival in the bulbs of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa). Tuberose bulbs showed the no symptoms of infection on surface. Galls were observed on pieces of roots attached to harvested bulbs. Nematodes were found inside the bulb tissues. It is the first report of survival of root-knot nematode in tuberose bulbs. Nematode survived in the harvested bulbs for more than 7 months. Occurrence of many active males inside the bulb tissues suggested that the nematodes also underwent amphimictic development. Nematodes were present in different stages of development during the entire period of this study. Fully formed 2nd stage juveniles were seen moving inside the eggs of M. incognita. Nematode lifecycle continued in stored bulbs and these were the source of pest dissemination.
Polianthes tuberosa
Root-knot nematode
Bulb
Cite
Citations (1)
The nematode galls on tomato plants treated with antibiotic KT-199 were studied by adopting histochemical techniques in comparison with the untreated control. The treatment with antibiotic markedly decreased the number of nematodes, the number and volume of giant cells and the nuclei in them as compared to untreated control plants. The giant cells of treated plants contained less of insoluble, polysacharides nucleic acids and proteins than those in untreated plants. The effect was more pronounced in the foliar spray treated plants than in those with soil drench. As the giant cells nurse the nematodes, the reduction in their metabolic activity, perhaps adversely affected the growth and development of the nematodes. The present study revealed that the antibiotic KT-199 has a potential to check the root-knot nematode damage in tomato plants.
Root-knot nematode
Cite
Citations (0)
Root-knot nematode is a kind of most important pathogenic,causing enormous damage to plants.The controlling of root-knot nematode has been a hotspot to study.Both fungi and bacteria which parasitized in root-knot nematode are two important natural enemy of root-knot nematode.The application prospect of root-knot nematode in recent years had been reviewed.
Root-knot nematode
Cite
Citations (8)
Root-knot nematode
Cite
Citations (0)
Rice cultivars were studied against root-knot nematode and white tip nematode infection. Significantly lowest gall number of root knot nematode was recorded in genotype Kunjan-4 and highest gall number was recorded in genotype HPR-1156. Hybrid HRI-152 and HPR-2153 recorded significantly lowest and highest number of white-tip nematodes in grains, respectively. Beside this, root-knot nematode galls recorded in the wheat crops varied from 8 to 162galls/5g root.
Root-knot nematode
Cite
Citations (2)
Forty-one species of weeds were found to be hosts of the northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949, in Ontario. Variation in the size of the small galls caused by the nematode was correlated with the thickness of the root of the host. Abnormally large galls found on a few species of weeds were due to multiple infections by the nematode.
Root-knot nematode
Cite
Citations (16)
Root-knot nematode
Nematode infection
Cite
Citations (1)