Association of oral health and activities of daily living with cognitive impairment
17
Citation
24
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
Abstract Objectives This study compared the oral health status between elderly individuals with and without cognitive impairment and explored the association of oral health and activities of daily living (ADL) with cognitive impairment. Methods We conducted convenience sampling on patients aged more than 65 years and analysed data from 630 participants. Data were collected and analysed via a survey evaluating general characteristics, oral health behaviour, subjective oral health status, Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐14), Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and ADL. Results The path analysis and regression analysis of the association of oral health and ADL with cognitive impairment showed that the OHIP‐14 was not significantly associated with cognitive impairment, whereas the GOHAI and ADL had significant associations with cognitive impairment. A 1‐point increase in the GOHAI was associated with a 0.024‐point increase in the cognitive impairment score, and a 1‐point increase in the ADL was associated with a 0.006‐point decrease in the cognitive impairment score (normal = 0, cognitive impairment = 1). Conclusions Poor oral health and ADL were associated with cognitive impairment. Therefore, oral hygiene management is important in maintaining oral health in elderly individuals with cognitive impairment.Keywords:
Association (psychology)
Introduction: oral diseases (OD), common dental caries and periodontitis are a major public health problem. Poor oral hygiene has been associated with OD, causing tooth loss, which leads to disability and compromised patients' oral health. In Rwanda, OD is among the leading causes of morbidity at the health center level. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and oral health practices among adult participants in Rwanda.
Tooth loss
Cite
Citations (5)
본 연구는 중국 강서성 구강시에 거주하는 60세 이상 노인들의 일상생활 수행능력(ADL: Activities Daily Living)에 관한 현황 및 영향요인에 관한 연구로써 본 연구는 신체활동, 세대 간 지지를 주요 요인으로 노인연령층의 ADL 손상률 및 상실률에 관한 지표를 개선하는데 목적이 있다. 연구를 위해 설문지법을 사용하였으며, 총 1,076개의 설문지를 회수하였다. 본 연구는 Lawton and Baody (1969)가 사용했던 신체적 일상생활 수행능력(PADL: Physical Activities of Daily Living)과 도구적 일상생활 수행능력(IADL: Instrumental Activities of Daily Living)을 중심으로 노인의 일상생활 활동능력을 측정하였으며, SPSS통계적 도구를 이용하여 분석을 진행하였다.BR 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 구강시 거주 노인들의 ADL은 Ｍ=15.18, ADL 손상율은 15.52%, ADL 상실률은 5.48%였으며, IADL 손상율은 19.42%, IADL 상실률은 .56%, PADL 손상율은 12.17%, PADL 상실률은 .28%인 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 노인의 ADL, PADL, IADL의 상실률과 손상율 기능 지수는 성별과 세대 간 지지의 대부분 지표에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았으나 연령, 학력, 경제적 조건, 신체활동 참여, 만성질환 보유수가 노인의 ADL, PADL, IADL의 상실률과 손상율에 직접적인 영향을 미쳤다. 특히 학력과 만성질환의 보유수는 노인의 ADL, PADL, IADL등의 상실률 및 손상율과 음(-)의 상관관계를 이루었다. 이러한 결과는 노인들에 대한 의료 서비스 지원은 물론 부양의 의무가 보장되어야 한다는 점과 사회적 지원, 정신건강 상태 및 심리적 차원에서 노인에 대한 주변의 관심과 배려가 필요한 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 그 밖에 노인들의 일상생활 수행능력을 향상시키기 위한 적극적인 신체활동이 수반되어야 한다는 점에서 노인 건강을 위한 다양한 생활체육프로그램이 개발 및 활용되어야 한다.
Cite
Citations (0)
Measures of functional disability typically contain items that reflect limitations in performing activities of daily living (ADLs) or instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). Combining IADL and ADL items together in the same scale would provide enhanced range and sensitivity of measurement. This article presents psychometric justification for a combined ADL/IADL scale. Data come from 2,977 disabled respondents in the 1989 National Long-Term Care Survey. Respondents indicated whether they received human help on 7 ADL items; they also indicated whether they were unable to perform each of 9 IADL items due to health reasons. Factor analyses using tetrachoric correlations demonstrated that 15 of the 16 items reflected one major dimension. Item response theory (IRT) methods were used to calibrate the items; a one-parameter IRT model fit the data. Item calibrations showed that ADL and IADL items were not hierarchically related. Analyses showed that a simple sum of item responses could be used to derive a measure of functional disability. Implications of using a 15-item ADL/IADL scale for eligibility determination and for comparing groups are discussed.
Cite
Citations (382)
Cite
Citations (0)
Cite
Citations (0)
Information on oral health knowledge and practice in orphanage house children is essential for healthcare policy makers to promote oral health resources and address oral health needs of this unprivileged group of society.To assess the source of information, level of knowledge, attitude, and practice toward oral hygiene and oral health among socially handicapped children from city of Mysore, Karnataka state, India.A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 488 children of 12-14 years of age living in five different orphanage houses of Mysore district. Data regarding knowledge and practice were collected through structured questionnaire and oral health status by type III clinical oral examinations by two trained examiners. Decayed, Missing, Filled, Teeth (DMFT) and OH I-S was then correlated with the above information. Spearman's correlation test was used to measure the correlation.The final data analysis included 488 children, of which 216 (44.26%) were boys and 272 (55.74%) were girls. A total of 88.5% children showed one or more decayed teeth in their oral cavity, with an overall mean DMFT of 3.55. Among DMF, component D showed maximum value with mean 3.42, followed by components F and M. Correlation between source of information, knowledge, and attitude for oral health to oral hygiene index (OHI-S; P < 0.05) and gingival index (P < 0.001) showed highly significant negative values. Correlation between oral hygiene practice to OHI-S, DMFT, and gingival index (P < 0.001) showed highly significant (P < 0.001) negative values.Although children of orphanage have positive attitude toward oral health, knowledge and practice among children are still below the satisfactory level. The children did not receive appropriate information or, if informed, were not re-evaluated or reinforced for its practical application by the concerned authority. The findings of this study suggest that awareness on the importance of oral health needs to be enhanced among the orphanage children of Mysore.
Positive correlation
Negative correlation
Cross-sectional study
Cite
Citations (22)
Cite
Citations (70)
Objective The autonomy of individuals is linked to the achievement of instrumental activities of daily living that require complex behavior. In the elderly, the assessment of autonomy is usually based on questionnaires that have strong subjective constraints. Considering this fact, we tested elderly healthy adults and Alzheimer disease patients using a new measure, the S-IADL (Simulation of Instrumental Activities for Daily Living), to assess the ability to perform effectively activities of daily living. Method The S-IADL shares many items with the well-known IADL questionnaire proposed by Lawton & Brody (1969). However, as opposed to the IADL, the assessment of autonomy is not based on the completion of a questionnaire but requires the realization or simulation of various activities of daily living. Eighty-three participants (69 healthy elderly, and 14 Alzheimer Disease patients) completed the IADL and performed the S-IADL assessment. Results Results revealed that, like the IADL, the S-IADL is able to identify AD patients who are likely to encounter difficulties in performing everyday activities, and no major differences were found between the IADL and the S-IADL. Conclusions We outlined some advantages for prefering, in certain situation, this new tool based on simulation of activities in functional evaluation. Finally, we discuss the main limits of the S-IADL that should be investigated prior to its utilization by clinicians.
Cite
Citations (3)
Cite
Citations (0)
背景：跌倒是老人重要健康議題，而行動功能的衰退與跌倒的發生有高度的關聯，但探討 ADL 和 IADL 與跌倒關聯的追蹤研究不多。 目的：本研究之目的在探討台灣地區老年人 ADL與 IADL與跌倒的關聯及預測跌倒的功能，並分析 ADL 與 IADL 障礙程度對四年之後跌倒風險的影響。 方法：本研究資料來源為國民健康局的「台灣地區中老年身心社會生活健康狀況長期追蹤調查研究」。以2003 及 2007年兩次皆完訪並排除資料不完整者共2980人為研究對象。在控制人口學、社經、生活方式與健康狀況等變項下，以邏輯迴歸分析 2007年 ADL及 IADL與跌倒的關聯。 結果：迴歸分析結果顯示在控制上述變項狀況下，ADL 與 IADL 與跌倒的關聯性為 ADL「重度障礙(≥13分)」發生跌倒的可能性為「沒障礙(0 分)」的0.38 倍(p=0.001)；IADL「輕度障礙(1-6 分)」發生跌倒的可能性為「沒障礙(0 分)」的1.43 倍(p=0.002)，「中度障礙(7-12分)」發生跌倒的可能性為「沒障礙(0分)」的1.98 倍(p<0.001)， 「重度障礙(≥13分)」發生跌倒的可能性為「沒障礙(0 分)」的2.01 倍(p=0.006)。縱貫分析個案 2003 年 ADL 與 IADL預測 2007年跌倒的能力顯示，ADL「輕度障礙(1-6分)」發生跌倒的可能性為「沒障礙(0分)」的1.82 倍(p=0.008)， 「重度障礙(≥13分)」發生跌倒的可能性為「沒障礙(0分)」的 0.36 倍(p=0.04)；與 IADL則無顯著關聯。 結論：本研究顯示ADL及 IADL除與跌倒呈顯著關聯外並具有預測老年人跌倒風險的功能。IADL用於預測現況的風險比未來的風險有效。此結果凸顯維持老人 ADL 及 IADL 功能的重要性。定期評估與及時介入，將可有效降低老年人跌倒的風險。
Cite
Citations (0)