Contact precaution procedures in healthcare facilities.
Marco Di MuzioSara DionisiEmanuele Di SimoneNoemi GiannettaAlessandro ZerbettoM MontesanoGiovanni Battista Orsi
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Multidrug resistance is an established and growing worldwide public health problem, since few therapeutic options remain available. MRSA is the leading Gram-positive organism which has spread both in the community and healthcare environment. Gram-negative bacteria, either fermenter (enterobacteriaceae) or nonfermenter, pose a major challenge to the healthcare providers because they can express a wide multidrug resistance.Specific keywords combinations were analitically searched in PubMed and Scopus databases. Publications concerning contact precaution procedures were reviewed.The review on infection control and isolation precautions was carried out focusing on bundles that could help healthcare personnel to improve their action.This paper clearly refers to measures in order to control the spread of infectious disease. We provided some synthetic tables that could improve healthcare workers knowledge and help them to apply all fundamental concepts in infection control.Keywords:
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Abstract Background: Infection prevention, control, and health workers’ safety in the face of biological agents are among the vital issues in healthcare systems across the world. Considering the high prevalence of COVID-19 infection in the world and its high mortality rate, this epidemic can be tackled to some extent through infection control in the general population and promoting the safety of health centers. This study aims to scrutinize the literature in terms of measures adopted for infection control and safety of healthcare workers in health centers during COVID-19. Methods: We searched key words related to the study namely, “prevention and control”, “safety”, “coronavirus”, “COVID-19”, and “health personnel” in PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus databases, Google Scholar, and also in Persian data bases such as SID, Magiran, Irandoc, and Iran Medex using AND/OR functions. To select the documents, the titles of the retrieved studies were first evaluated for relevance; then, the abstracts and full texts of the papers with relevant titles were inspected. Results: Out of 136 retrieved studies, 10 were relevant and their data were analyzed. Four of the articles highlighted the importance of prevention, three enunciated the importance control and three of them related to care providers’ safety. The results showed that the COVID-19 epidemic has affected the healthcare providers’ health; however, it is possible to prevent a catastrophe through strategic planning, prevention and control measures. Conclusions: Considering the importance of the healthcare workers’ health, it is necessary to implement COVID-19 prevention and control management principles according to scientific evidence.
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Multidrug resistance is an established and growing worldwide public health problem, since few therapeutic options remain available. MRSA is the leading Gram-positive organism which has spread both in the community and healthcare environment. Gram-negative bacteria, either fermenter (enterobacteriaceae) or nonfermenter, pose a major challenge to the healthcare providers because they can express a wide multidrug resistance.Specific keywords combinations were analitically searched in PubMed and Scopus databases. Publications concerning contact precaution procedures were reviewed.The review on infection control and isolation precautions was carried out focusing on bundles that could help healthcare personnel to improve their action.This paper clearly refers to measures in order to control the spread of infectious disease. We provided some synthetic tables that could improve healthcare workers knowledge and help them to apply all fundamental concepts in infection control.
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The purpose of this paper is to discuss infections in New Zealand hospitals under two headings: 1. Isolation needs. 2. Control of infection as it pertains to prophylaxis. An assessment of modern needs in terms of numbers of isolation beds is made on the basis of present-day infections. Brief reference is made to the epidemiology of hospital infections and to the principles of isolation according to categories of infection -- the Card System -- and to specification of the facilities required. The importance of a Control of Infection Nurse is emphasised and suggested members of a Control of Infection committee are enumerated. The proposed methods for preventing and dealing with infections apply particularly to base hospitals. It is hoped however that the principles enunciated are sufficiently obvious that they can be readily adapted to smaller community hospitals. It is concluded that all New Zealand hospitals should have a formal control of infections system instituted.
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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recently updated guidelines for isolation precautions and added specific recommendations for the management of multidrug-resistant organisms. However, the extent to which these recommendations are followed is unknown. Although the recommendations are based on studies with high internal validity, the effectiveness of these interventions in clinical practice also is unknown. Evidence of the effectiveness of isolation precautions for preventing transmission of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms in acute care settings, with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as an example, was reviewed. Despite a lack of experimental data, numerous descriptive and correlational studies and a sound theoretical rationale strongly suggest that barrier precautions play an important role in the prevention of transmission of infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms. Two major problems, however, still exist. First, staff members' adherence to national recommendations on isolation precautions, although insufficiently described, appears to be inadequate. Second, efficient, reproducible methods for ongoing surveillance of practices such as isolation precautions are not readily available. Automated surveillance systems that provide support for making decisions are promising for this purpose, are likely to result in cost savings, and therefore warrant more widespread development, testing, and implementation.
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OBJECTIVE To promote the multidrug-resistant bacteria infection control. METHODS Questionnaire investigated has been used to understand what degree the healthcare workers have known about controlling multidrug-resistant bacteria infection,what difficulties they would be met when they had put prevention and control measures in practice. RESULTS Total 13 questions of prevention and control multidrug-resistant bacteria nosocomial infection,the rate of right answer was 26.9% and the rate of partial right answer was 38.4%.The healthcare workers had lacked of professional knowledge about the prevention and control of multidrug-resistant bacteria nosocomial infection. The major difficulties were crowded wards,short of beds,incomprehension of patients and their families,cost of articles for disinfection and isolation when the medical staff put isolation measures into practice. CONCLUSIONS All prevention and control measures againt multidrug-resistant bacteria infection should be put into practice. We should strengthen training of healthcare workers about professional knowledge,gain support of leaders,and enhance communication between medical staff with patients and supervision.
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