Polymer-Based Binary Nanocomposites
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Supercapacitors are considered as the prominent power source for commercial energy storage device applications. Despite their superior power density, the inferior energy density still limits their practical applications. A possible way to enhance the energy density of supercapacitors is to choose possible nanostructure-based hybrid electrodes instead of carbon-based electric double-layer capacitors. These innovative hybrid electrodes with rational design provide high energy density and stability due to the continuous faradic reaction with shorter diffusion pathways, which enable a solution for the limitation of supercapacitors. Here, a comprehensive knowledge on conducting polymers such as (i) polyaniline (PANI), (ii) polypyrrole (PPy), (iii) polythiophene (PTh), and (iv) poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT), striving to enhance energy density for next-generation supercapacitors, is summarized. Furthermore, some current challenges with regard to cycling stability and rate capability, along with the future prospects, are presented.Keywords:
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The potential of polymeric nanocomposites in solid insulation systems has grown exponentially since the early 1990s and has been a topic of great discussion. With increasing quantities of experimental data, the option to engineer materials and optimise desired properties is being addressed. However, many of the fundamentals aspects of this class of materials, such as their long term electrical behaviour, remains relatively unexplored. Whilst the nature of the interfacial regions within such systems is believed to be key in determining many aspects of dielectric performance, further investigation is required in order better to understand the macroscopic behaviour of nanocomposites. Such studies are vital for fundamental change, bringing an alternative to polymer blends and typical filled polymers and making a massive impact on industry. This paper concerns the dielectric interfaces in nanodielectrics and sets out to explore the effect of quantified changes in interfacial interactions between the nanoparticulate and matrix phases. Specifically, we have used confocal Raman microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy to examine and characterise the relevant effects of modifying the surface chemistry of nanosilica using silane chemistry. By introducing these different degrees of functionalised nanosilicas into a matrix of epoxy resin, we have produced a series of nanocomposite systems and have examined how interfacial interactions affect the behaviour of the system. In this paper, we particularly address the topic of interfacial chemistry, processing methodology and breakdown behaviour.
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The doctoral thesis concerns the preparation and characterization of silicone polymers using the UV-hydrosilation reaction in order to obtain materials with high electrical insulating properties. This reaction is typically the addition of a silane bond across a double bond to form silicone polymers. This method progressively became the method of choice for the synthesis of organofunctional silanes and is still used today in silicone industry. This process allows to save energy and processing time. In this regards, the potential for UV curable system is increasing quite significantly
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