Fatty Liver Disease
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Liver disease
Summary Background : Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease is an important cause of chronic hepatitis and cryptogenic cirrhosis. The natural history of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease is not well understood especially in Asian populations. Aim : To investigate the histological progression in Chinese patients with biopsy‐proven non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods : Chinese patients who had liver biopsy at least 3 years ago and confirmed to have non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease were invited for a second liver biopsy. Clinical and laboratory parameters related to their liver function and metabolic syndrome were recorded and analysed. Liver biopsies were scored for the degree of steatosis, necroinflammation and fibrosis. Correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the association between changes in histological scores and metabolic parameters. Results : Seventeen patients who had been followed up for a median period of 6.1 (range: 3.8–8.0) years underwent a second liver biopsy. Nine (53%) patients had progressive disease with worsening of fibrosis score. No statistically significant correlation was found between the changes in histological scores and metabolic parameters. Seven patients developed hypertension or diabetes mellitus during the period of follow‐up. Conclusions : Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease is a progressive disease in Chinese patients as in their Caucasian counterparts. Diagnosis of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease may predate development of new components of metabolic syndrome.
Steatosis
Alcoholic fatty liver
Alcoholic Hepatitis
Liver disease
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a recent rapid spread chronic complications along with the rapid development of diabetes. In type 2 diabetes patients, about 50% to 75% of patients associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver, and who combined non-alcoholic fatty liver is more prone to cardiovascular disease, his risk is greater. Now, more recognize on the non-alcoholic fatty liver mechanism is that two hits theory and in this process, insulin resistance played a crucial role. Current diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in diabetics rely mainly on type-b ultrasonic.Treatment of this disease remains a major problem,more effective methods include lifestyle adjustments and the use of insulin-sensitizing agents.
Alcoholic fatty liver
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Objective To understand the prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MS) and fatty liver in different gender and age employees from the firms in Zhangyan Town Jinshan District of Shanghai and investigate the association between the metabolic syndrome and the fatty liver.Methods The medical data of 10,437 employees were collected.The chi-square test was used to compare the differences in prevalence between MS and fatty liver.The multivariable stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of fatty liver,and compare the different indicators of prevalence odds ratio(Odds ratio,OR) in fat liver group and the non-fatty liver group.Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and fatty liver increased with the age,and the incidence of MS and fatty liver in male were higher than those in female(P0.001);In addition to dyslipidemia,the incidences of other diseases in the group with service period over 20 years were higher than those in the group with the service period less than 10 years and between 11 and 20 years.Conclusion The prevalence of MS and fatty liver is high;MS and fatty liver are closely related.Fatty liver can be observed as the components of MS,and the early screening of the fatty liver can contribute to detecting the MS.This study can also provide a theoretical basis to the correlation of the fatty liver and the MS.
Dyslipidemia
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“Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease” is the alarming health risk around the world today. Nearly 1/3 of the world’s population is affected by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Many scientists put forward two hit hypotheses to explain the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. With the aid of trials using Biopsy, ultrasound scan and molecular techniques, scientists explained an authentic evidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression is ultimately because of obesity and its commodities, such as Cardio vascular diseases, Diabetes and Metabolic syndrome. This review mainly focuses on how obesity leads to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on statistical analysis of different research studies conducted by the research scientists. In the analysis of 1980-2003, out of 505 individuals, 305 were affected with NAFLD and among them, 64.3% were obese. In the analysis of the period of 1996-2002, out of 550 NAFLD patients, 70.36% were obese. Also in the analysis of 2010-2015 period of time, mostly 90% of the NAFLD patients were obese. It was also revealed that, along with NAFLD and obesity, diabetes and hyperlipidemia also exist as the commodities of obesity. Attention of medical field is towards the treatment and analysis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease which is expected to be the reason of liver transplant by 2020.
Alcoholic fatty liver
Hyperlipidemia
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Objective To investigate the clinical value of two dimensional ultrasound combined with four dimensional ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of fetal malformation.Method 1 298 Cases with late pregnant women who accepted prenatal screening were selected.Two dimensional ultrasound and four dimensional ultrasound were used in the diagnosis of fetal malformation.After the delivery,the diagnostic accuracy of single ultrasound and combined ultrasound examination was analyzed.Results In the diagnosis of fetal malformation,the sensitivity of four dimensional ultrasound was higher than that of two dimensional ultrasound,but the difference was not significant(P 0.05).The specificity and the accuracy of four dimensional ultrasound were significantly higher than those of two dimensional ultrasound.The sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of two dimensional ultrasound combined with four dimensional ultrasound were all significantly higher than those of two dimensional ultrasound,or four dimensional ultrasound,and the differences were significant(P 0.05).In the diagnosis of fetal surface malformations,the specificity and accuracy of four dimensional ultrasound were higher than those of two dimensional ultrasound.The sensitivity of two dimensional ultrasound combined with four dimensional ultrasound was higher than that of four dimensional ultrasound,but the differences were not significant(P 0.05).The sensitivity of four dimensional ultrasound or two dimensional ultrasound combined with four dimensional ultrasound was significantly higher than that of two dimensional ultrasound.The specificity and accuracy of two dimensional ultrasound combined with four dimensional ultrasound were significantly higher than those of two dimensional ultrasound and four dimensional ultrasound,and the differences were significant(P 0.05).Conclusion Two dimensional ultrasound combined with four dimensional ultrasound can significantly improve the prenatal diagnostic accuracy of fetal malformations,which has a high clinical value and is worthy to be widely used in clinic.
3D ultrasound
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Fatty liver means accumulation of fat in liver. In West, alcohol use is common cause, in which it is labeled as alcoholic fatty liver disease. When not due to alcohol, it is from diabetes and obesity, in which case it is called Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It is one of the most important causes of liver disease worldwide.1 Since metabolic factors are risk factors, more recently term Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been proposed.2 MAFLD criteria include presence of hepatic steatosis associated with three situations; obesity/overweight, Type 2 DM (T2DM), or metabolic impaired function.3
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Alcoholic fatty liver
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Objective:To study the clinical characteristic and risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 162 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease from 2006.1 to 2009.12.Results:The symptoms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are not obvious,closely in association with obesity,diabetes,hypertension and hypertriglyceridaemia.Conclusions:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a part of metabolic syndrome.
Alcoholic fatty liver
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Background: The influence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease on the outcome of chronic hepatitis B disease, including viral, biochemical and histologic characteristics, in Iranian patients is not yet fully un- derstood. Aim: To evaluate the effect of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) on long-term histology- cal, biochemical and viral outcome of chronic he- pa-tictis B in Iranian patients. Methods: We retro- spec-tively evaluated 94 "e Ag" negative chronic hepatitis B patients (with NAFLD: 44, without NAFLD: 50). Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease was diagnosed based on liver biopsy according to Kleiner classifica-tion. Liver biopsy was done for all patients. Serologi-cal and biochemical variables were evaluated with repeated measure analysis. Results: Non-Alcoholic Fat- ty Liver Disease (NAFLD) was present in 47% of the patients (44 out of 94 patients). In the NAFLD group, increase in AST, ALT, stage (P = 0.002), grade, and total score of liver biopsy were independently related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, while HBV-DNA viral load did not correlate with the presence of a fatty liver. Conclusion: Abnormalities of liver enzymes and liver histopathology are more prevalent in concurrent chronic hepatitis B and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).
Histopathology
Viral Hepatitis
Liver disease
Alcoholic Hepatitis
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Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a major health concern. This cohort study aimed to evaluate the association between weight loss and remission of MAFLD in the Japanese population to aid the development of efficient treatment strategies.
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