Studies of calcium phosphate cements for clinical applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Report II: An experimental study of hardened .ALPHA.-TCP/DCPD/TeCP cement in rabbits.
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Abstract:
A new system of calcium phosphate cement, consisting of α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP), dicalcium phosphate dibasic (DCPD), and tetracalcium phosphate (TeCP), was developed. In this study, columns of hardened cement were implanted on the inferior surface of rabbit mandibles and into the back muscle for 6 months, 1 year, and 1.5 years to evaluate responses of the surrounding tissues and changes in the materials in vivo.Histologic, microradiographic and scanning electron micrographic investigations of the implants in mandibles revealed active bone formation along the surface of the cement and direct contact between new bone and the materials. The cement showed surface irregularities created by resorption, which were remarkable on surfaces bounded by soft tissue.Histologic and microradiographic studies of the implants in back muscles showed the presence of a thin fibrous capsule without inflammatory cell infiltration; resorption was usually more remarkable than that with materials implanted in mandibles.The results of this study suggest that the hardened cement is resorbable in vivo and is highly biocompatibile with living tissues.Keywords:
Calcium phosphate cement
Oxalic Acid
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A novel injectable and degradable calcium phosphate cement was prepared by partially crystallized calciumphosphate(PCCP) and dicalcium phosphate(DCP) in this study.This cement showed excellent injectability.With the addition of modified starch,the anti-washout property of the cement was greatly improved.The hydration product of the cement was rod-like hydroxyapatite with a diameter of about 100 nm and a length of 1000nm.This cement set fast at body temperature(37℃),but set slowly at room temperature(25℃) and very slowly under refrigerate temperature(5℃).This performance provides great convenience for the clinical application of the cement.The in vitro hemolysis test, in vitro cytotoxicity test,acute systemic toxicity test,micronucleus test,sensibilization test,intramuscularly implanting test,and bone implanting test showed that the cement was biocompatible and bioactive.Radiographic and histological studies showed that,after implanted in vertebroplasty of macaque,the rhBMP-2/calcium phosphate cement degrade in accord with the new bone generation.
Calcium phosphate cement
Bone cement
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The development of bone cement has experienced several stages, from polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) bone cement, calcium phosphate cement(CPC) to glassbased bioactive bone cement(GBC). In this period, the mechanical and bioactive properties of bone cement was improved and its application was developed. In this article the latest research in bone cement, particularly, glassbased bone cement is introduced. The factors that affected the property is discussed and the possible future advances in this field is pointed out.
Polymethyl methacrylate
Bone cement
Calcium phosphate cement
Bioactive Glass
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Abstract Cement is one of the key components of concrete, and the qualities of a particular type of cement will affect the attributes of concrete made with that cement. The influence of variations in cement brand attributes that are available in Pakistan is examined in this study. Poor cement choice may affect how long a concrete building project will last. Fineness, cement consistency, concrete compressive strength, and mortar cube strength all grow with cement fineness since they all have a positive relationship with each other. This study aimed to investigate a few particular mechanical and physical characteristics of eight cement brands used in Punjab, Pakistan. The brands of cement that were compared were Kohat, Askari, Bestway, Paidaar, DG, Pioneer, Flying, and Fauji cement. The testing was carried out in a lab and according to ASTM guidelines. In contrast, Kohat had 5.17%, Askari had 8.67%, Bestway had 3%, DG had 2.67, Flying had 9.67, and Fauji cement had 6.33%, with only Paidaar above the allowed limits. Kohat and Paidaar cement's typical consistency was 30%, DG cement was 26%, and Bestway cement was 26%; all of them fell within the range of (26%- 33%). The 28-day compressive strength test results for DG cement and Bestway cement were 7787.74 Psi and 7225.17 Psi, respectively. The strength of Pioneer and Flying cement was found to be lower than that of other cement brands. Except for DG and Bestway cement, all eight brands of cement are used for all structural elements. Bestway cement is much superior for high-rise structures and heavy structural members. Consequently, by comparing the trace element concentration of various brands of Portland cement in Pakistan, the study evaluates the impact of trace element content on cement quality and concrete strength.
Fineness
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본고는 일본 소야전Cement Co.의 중앙연구소주임연구원으로 있는 Hiroshi Uckikawa 박사가 일본의 Ceramics-Japan지(74.10)에 기고한 것을 번역한 것으로서 그 내용에 의한 목차는 다음과 같다. 즉 근년에 개발된 새로운 cement로서는 1. 속경성 cement 2) 초속경 cement(jet cement, regulated set cement) 2) Alumina cement 3) 초조강 cement 4) 급경 cement 2. 고강도 cement 3. 내구성 cement 1) 내유산균 cement 2) 내화 cement (1) alumina cement 계 (2) barium, strontium 계 cement (3) 인산 aluminium 계 cement 3) 방사선차폐용 cement 4. 팽창 cement 1) alumine 산, 유산 calcium 수화물의 생성에 의한 것 2) 수산화 calcium의 생성에 의한 것 3) 기타 5. 시공성을 개선한 cement (예: 유정용 cement, 도장용 cement) 등이 있다. 머지 않아 우리나라에서도 cement 품종의 다양화가 필연적인 문제로 대두될 것을 생각하여 본번역문이 다소나마 도움이 되기를 바란다.
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The resorption of sugars, fat and NaCl were studied in uremic and control animals. A 56.5% decrease in glucose resorption and a 48% decrease in xylose resorption was found; that is, the ratio between the two remained unchanged. There was a 14.1% fall in butylstearate resorption; on the other hand, a 290% rise in physiological saline resorption and a 163% rise in the resorption of 2.5% NaCl solution was found.
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A revision surgery can be a complicated procedure. The prevention of the removal of a well-integrated cement mantle can minimize intraoperative complications. With the cement-in-cement technique, the implant will be fixated with a layer of bone cement onto the remaining cement mantle. In our experimental in vitro study, we investigated the effect of cement aging of a cement-in-cement revision construct and regular cement mantle on the bending strength. Two different types of bone cement were tested at four different stages of aging. The Palacos cement showed no significant difference in bending strength at any aging point, regardless of whether it was used primarily or as a cement-in-cement revision. In contrast, the SmartSet MV cement showed a significant difference between the primary and cement-in-cement applications depending on cement aging time. The comparison of the two cement-in-cement structures investigated showed significant differences between the manufacturers depending on the cement aging.
Bone cement
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