[Sclerostin expression in periodontal ligaments during movement of orthodontic teeth in rats].
0
Citation
15
Reference
10
Related Paper
Abstract:
This study aims to observe the expression of Sclerostin during movement of orthodontic teeth and determine the effect of this protein on remodeling of periodontal tissues.Twenty-four Wistar rats were chosen. Orthodontic forces were applied between the bilateral incisor and first molar to achieve mesial movement. Rats in each group were executed at different time points (0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 d). Morphology of periodontal tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The number of osteoclasts were observed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Sclerostin expression were observed by immunohistochemical staining.HE staining revealed that the resorption of alveolar bone intensified with prolonged movement. Results of immunohistochemical and TRAP staining revealed that Sclerostin expression and number of osteoclasts were related to duration of movement of orthodontic tooth. After staining for 5 days, the number of osteoclasts and Sclerostin expression reached their peak and then began to decline. The numbers of osteoclasts and the expression level of Sclerostin were higher at the compressive side than those at the tensive side.Sclerostin affected orthodontic tooth movement by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway and by indirectly or directly controlling bone morphogenetic protein.Keywords:
Sclerostin
Periodontal fiber
Bone remodeling
Osteocyte
Cite
Bone remodeling
Monocyte
Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase
Periodontal fiber
Basal (medicine)
Bone cell
Cite
Citations (72)
Periodontal fiber
Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase
Bone remodeling
Cite
Citations (7)
The aim of this study was to test natural teeth stability under various simulated types and degrees of alveolar vertical bone loss, as well as to assess the role that the surrounding bone played for maintaining tooth stability. A three-dimensional finite element model of the human maxillary central incisor with surrounding tissue, including periodontal ligament, enamel, dentin, pulp, and alveolar bone, was established. One side and multiple vertical bone loss were simulated by means of decreasing the surrounding bone level apically from the cemento-enamel junction in 1 mm steps incrementally downward for 10 mm. Natural frequency values of the incisor model with various types and degrees of bone loss were then calculated. The results showed that, with one-sided bone resorption, the model with labial bone loss had the lowest natural frequency decreasing rates (8.2 per cent). On the other hand, in cases of multiple bone loss, vertical bone resorption at the mesial and distal sides had more negative effects on tooth stability compared to vertical bone losses on facial and lingual sides. These findings suggest that the natural frequency method may be a useful, auxiliary clinical tool for diagnosis of vertical periodontal diseases.
Periodontal fiber
Alveolar process
Tooth loss
Cite
Citations (9)
Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells are known to play important roles in tooth eruption and alveolar bone metabolism. We previously reported that PTHrP increases RANKL expression in human PDL cells, suggesting that it promotes odontoclastic root resorption during tooth eruption. While it is known that Notch-related genes play a key role during bone development, the role of the Notch signaling pathway in PDL cells during tooth and bone resorption is less clear. We hypothesized that PTHrP induces a Notch ligand in PDL cells and thereby regulates osteo- and odontoclastogenesis. We found that PTHrP increased Notch1 ligand Jagged1 expression in human PDL cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. PTHrP-induced Jagged1 up-regulation was mediated by PKA activation, but not by PKC. Jagged1 also promoted RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. These results demonstrate that PTHrP induces Jagged1 expression in PDL cells, leading to osteo- and odontoclastogenesis, and thus likely promoting tooth and alveolar bone resorption.
Periodontal fiber
Bone remodeling
Tooth eruption
Cite
Citations (34)
Orthodontic tooth movement is obtained through alveolar bone and periodontal tissue remodeling in response to the presence of orthodontic force. Diabetes can affect the alveolar bone remodeling. Alveolar bone remodeling process includes bone resorption engaged by osteoclasts, and bone formation engaged by osteoblasts. The purpose of this study was to determine osteoclasts ratio and osteoblasts ratio of alveolar bone in diabetic rat models due to orthodontic force application. 24 Wistar rats were divided into three groups of control and three groups of diabetes treatment with different orthodontic force application (10, 20, and 30 gramforce/grf). The results showed that the application of orthodontic force in rat diabetic models caused an increase of osteoclasts and osteoblasts ratio of alveolar bone in the pressure and tension side on the periodontal ligament.
Periodontal fiber
Bone remodeling
Alveolar process
Cite
Citations (0)
Porphyromonas gingivalis has been shown to invade osteoblasts and inhibit their differentiation and mineralization in vitro. However, it is unclear if P. gingivalis can invade osteoblasts in vivo and how this would affect alveolar osteoblast/osteoclast dynamics. This study aims to answer these questions using a periodontitis mouse model under repetitive P. gingivalis inoculations. For 3-month-old BALB/cByJ female mice, 109 CFU of P. gingivalis were inoculated onto the gingival margin of maxillary molars 4 times at 2-day intervals. After 2 weeks, another 4 inoculations at 2-day intervals were applied. Calcein was injected 7 and 2 days before sacrificing animals to label the newly formed bone. Four weeks after final inoculation, mice were sacrificed and maxilla collected. Immunohistochemistry, micro-CT, and bone histomorphometry were performed on the specimens. Sham infection with only vehicle was the control. P. gingivalis was found to invade gingival epithelia, periodontal ligament fibroblasts, and alveolar osteoblasts. Micro-CT showed alveolar bone resorption and significant reduction of bone mineral density and content in the infected mice compared to the controls. Bone histomorphometry showed a decrease in osteoblasts, an increase in osteoclasts and bone resorption, and a surprisingly increased osteoblastic bone formation in the infected mice compared to the controls. P. gingivalis invades alveolar osteoblasts in the periodontitis mouse model and cause alveolar bone loss. Although P. gingivalis appears to suppress osteoblast pool and enhance osteoclastic bone resorption, the bone formation capacity is temporarily elevated in the infected mice, possibly via some anti-microbial compensational mechanisms.
Bone remodeling
Cite
Citations (68)
The first experimental investigation of orthodontic tooth movement was published by Sandstedt in 1904-1905 followed by Oppenheim in 1911 and other investigators. It seems appropriate to review the physiologic process in orthodontic tooth movement. Orthodontic tooth movement dependens on resorption and deposition of the socket bone. Pressure and tension of varying magnitudes on the periodontal ligament initiate tooth movement through histologic bone resorption and bone deposition. Initial compression of periodontal ligament is compensated by internal alveolar bone resorption on pressure side while the stretch of periodontal ligament on the tension side is balanced by bone deposition. This process called as bone remodeling. Bone remodeling is regulated by cells of the osteoblast lineage and involves a complex network of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions involving systemic hormones,
locally produced cytokines, growth factors, many of which are sequestrated within the bone matrix, as well as the mechanical environment of the cell.
Keywords: Orthodontic tooth movement, remodeling, pressure and tension;
resoption and deposition.
Periodontal fiber
Bone remodeling
Bone matrix
Matrix (chemical analysis)
Cite
Citations (0)
Periodontal fiber
Bone remodeling
Alveolar process
Cite
Citations (2)
Alveolar bone normally undergoes remodeling on one side of the socket and modeling on the opposite side as the tooth migrates at a rate of 6.7 micrometer per day. Periodontal ligament width, however, remains constant. Because of this very high turnover rate, this bone is a good model to study bone modeling and remodeling activities. This study was undertaken in order to measure the different cellular events occurring during tooth migration along the alveolar bone of the rat. The histomorphometric measurements performed on this model permitted us to calculate the duration of each phase of the remodeling cycle, i.e., resorption lasts about 1.5 days and reversal about 3.5 days. Since the duration of the forming phase is about 1 day (Guyomard and Baron, '74), the total duration of each remodeling cycle is about 6 days. This time is very short compared to 60--120 days in adult human trabecular bone. Additionally, in this model each osteoclast resorbs 2--4 times its own volume of bone per day. Based on this knowledge, it will be possible to measure accurately the effects of experimental conditions on bone cells and bone remodeling in this rat alveolar bone model.
Bone remodeling
Periodontal fiber
Bone remodeling period
Bone histomorphometry
Cite
Citations (255)