[Analysis of familial aggregation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases].
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Data from 206 pairs of nuclear family members were analyzed to study the influence of genetic factors on the occurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its familial aggregation. Results showed that occurrence of COPD appeared in family aggregation. Risk of occurrence of COPD in the relatives (father, mother, brothers and sisters) of the proband with COPD increased by 2.07 times, as compared with relatives of the controls. Significant differences of the risk of COPD in fathers, brothers and sisters between proband and controls were observed, but not in mothers. It suggests relatives of the proband are more susceptible to COPD than those of the controls, and genetic factor may contribute to pathogenesis of COPD.Keywords:
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Family aggregation
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Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of residents with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and related risk factors in the Dongguan Shi long region of Guangdong Province, China.
Method: Random samples of patients more than 40 y of age with high-risk COPD from the region underwent pulmonary function testing and completed a questionnaire survey to determine the prevalence of COPD. Then, single and multiple factor logistic analysis was carried out on the influencing factors.
Results: The overall COPD prevalence in this region was 9.05%; the prevalence for males was higher than females. With aging, the prevalence of COPD increased significantly (P<0.05). COPD was mainly grades I and II. The differences between COPD patients and non-COPD patients pertaining to gender, age, education level, Body Mass Index (BMI), a family history of respiratory disease, and Smoking Index (SI) were significant (P<0.05). Logistic multi-factor regression analysis showed that BMI, age, gender, and SI were risk factors for COPD prevalence (P<0.05 or P≈0.05).
Conclusion: The prevalence of COPD in this region was higher, and BMI (higher), age (elder), gender (male), and SI (higher) were shown to be risk factors. Therefore, active intervention for these risk factors should be offered to reduce the COPD prevalence in this region.
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To investigate the magnitude of the genetic risk of nonsyndromic rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) in a familial aggregation study.Two hundred three consecutive patients with RRD and 461 controls without RRD were ascertained at the Department of Ophthalmology of the University Medical Centre Nijmegen in Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Data on family composition, history of RRD, and presence of other risk factors in siblings and offspring were collected by means of a questionnaire. Diagnosis of RRD was confirmed by evaluation of medical records.One hundred eighty-one patients (89.2% of those eligible) and 408 controls (88.5% of invited controls) with 1090 and 2345 relatives, respectively, were included in the analysis. Thirteen familial RRDs (1.2%) were diagnosed in 10 case probands and 9 RRDs (0.4%) in 8 control probands. Siblings and offspring of cases had a higher incidence of RRD independent of age, sex, and myopia. The cumulative lifetime risk of RRD was 7.7% for relatives of cases and 3.0% for relatives of controls, yielding a risk ratio of 2.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-6.2).Familial occurrence of RRD is a risk factor for RRD. Genetic factors apart from myopia may explain the increased familial risk.
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Objective:To use Logistic regression model to COPD risk factors for significant analysis.Method:Through questionnaire survey on 528 cases of COPD patients,to explore its morbidity by means of single factor and multi-factor cross regression analysis.Result:The male was 59%,female was 41%, smoking rate was 83.8%,and had a family history of COPD patients accounted for 85.8% in 528 cases of patients with COPD.Single factor analysis of the influence of incidence order as:smoking,gender,family history of COPD,age.Multiple factors analysis of the factors influencing the incidence of COPD size order:age, family history of COPD,smoking status,and gender.Conclusion:The pathogenesis of COPD is the outcome of combined action of multiple factors,of which the health care workers should attach great importance to,at the same time they provide some reference basis for clinical prevention and treatment.
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Objective To assess the risk factors correlating to the likelihood for airflow obstruction among first-degree children of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and whether familial aggregation of pulmonary function abnormality exists.Methods Fifty-nine smokers with COPD and 28 smokers without COPD as control and all their children available were recruited into the study. Their history was recorded and a binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to ascertain the effects of their relationship to a proband with COPD, when other potential risk factors were controlled. Results Children with COPD probands showed increased risk of FEV1 below the 70% predicted (OR=1.987) after accounting for the effects of smoking, sex and clinical symptoms. The lower the pulmonary function of the COPD proband, the higher the risk to their children for FEV1 below the 70% predicted. Conclusions Our finding demonstrates the presence of a household aggregation inclination of COPD and pulmonary function impairment. Genetic factors might act as the basis of the familial aggregation.
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Little information is available about the familial aggregation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Asian populations. We therefore determined the risk of familial aggregation of IBD among first-degree relatives of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) in an ethnically distinct Korean population.Familial aggregation of IBD was evaluated in terms of family history, prevalence, lifetime risk, and population relative risk in first-degree relatives of 1440 unrelated patients with UC (n = 1043) or CD (n = 397).A positive first-degree family history of IBD was observed in 27 probands (1.88%): 21 of 1043 (2.01%) with UC and 6 of 397 (1.51%) with CD. The crude prevalence of IBD in first-degree relatives of probands with IBD was 0.31%. The lifetime risk of IBD was 0.54% in all first-degree relatives of IBD probands, 0.52% in UC probands, and 0.67% in CD probands, with overall lifetime relative risks of 0.12% in parents, 0.79% in siblings, and 1.43% in offspring. The age- and sex-adjusted population relative risk of IBD was 13.8 in first-degree relatives of probands with IBD.Although a positive family history, prevalence, and lifetime risk of IBD among first-degree relatives of Korean IBD patients are much lower than among relatives of Western patients, the population relative risk in first-degree relatives is about equal in Koreans and Westerners. This finding indicates that a positive family history is an important risk factor for IBD in Koreans and in Westerners.
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To assess the risk factors correlating to the likelihood for airflow obstruction among first-degree children of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and whether familial aggregation of pulmonary function abnormality exists.Fifty-nine smokers with COPD and 28 smokers without COPD as control and all their children available were recruited into the study. Their history was recorded and a binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to ascertain the effects of their relationship to a proband with COPD, when other potential risk factors were controlled.Children with COPD probands showed increased risk of FEV1 below the 70% predicted (OR = 1.987) after accounting for the effects of smoking, sex and clinical symptoms. The lower the pulmonary function of the COPD proband, the higher the risk to their children for FEV1 below the 70% predicted.Our finding demonstrates the presence of a household aggregation inclination of COPD and pulmonary function impairment. Genetic factors might act as the basis of the familial aggregation.
Proband
Family aggregation
Abnormality
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Data from 206 pairs of nuclear family members were analyzed to study the influence of genetic factors on the occurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its familial aggregation. Results showed that occurrence of COPD appeared in family aggregation. Risk of occurrence of COPD in the relatives (father, mother, brothers and sisters) of the proband with COPD increased by 2.07 times, as compared with relatives of the controls. Significant differences of the risk of COPD in fathers, brothers and sisters between proband and controls were observed, but not in mothers. It suggests relatives of the proband are more susceptible to COPD than those of the controls, and genetic factor may contribute to pathogenesis of COPD.
Proband
Family aggregation
Pathogenesis
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Although familial factors in Alzheimer9s disease (AD) are well established, uniform family-history assessment in genetic and epidemiologic studies of AD is needed to reconcile the divergent estimates of the cumulative risk of this illness among relatives of AD probands. To answer the need, the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer9s Disease (CERAD) has developed a standardized Family History Assessment of AD to identify the presence of AD, Parkinson9s disease (PD), and Down9s syndrome (DS) in family members. This paper describes the use of this new assessment instrument in 118 patients with AD (estimated mean age at onset [± SD] = 64.5 ± 7.7 years) and their nondemented spouses who were enrolled in 11 different CERAD sites in the U.S. The first-degree relatives of the probands with AD had a significantly greater cumulative risk (p < 0.005) of AD or primary progressive dementia (24.8%) than did the relatives of spouse controls (15.2%). Furthermore, the cumulative risk for this disorder among female relatives of probands was significantly greater than that among male relatives. There were no differences between the families of probands and controls for the numbers of affected first-degree relatives with PD or DS. This is the first reported multicenter family-history study of AD, and it supports earlier reports of familial factors in AD and indicates a higher risk to female relatives of AD probands. The CERAD Family History Assessment instrument may be useful for further multicenter and epidemiologic studies designed to delineate familial factors associated with AD.
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