[Wet synthesis and characterization of fluoride-substituted hydroxyapatite].
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Pure hydroxyapatite (HAp) and fluoride-containing apatite powders (FHAp) were synthesized using a hydrothermal method. The powders were assessed by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and F-selective electrode. X-ray diffraction results revealed the formation of single phase apatite structure for all the compositions synthesized in this work. However, the addition of a fluoride ion led to a systematic shift in the (3 0 0) peak of the XRD pattern as well as modifications in the FTIR spectra. It was found that the efficiency of fluoride ion incorporation decreased with the increase in the fluoride ion content. Fluorine incorporation efficiency was around 60% for most of the FHAp samples prepared in the current study. Smaller and less agglomerated particles were obtained by fluorine substitution. The bioactivity of the powder samples with different fluoride contents was compared by performing cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin red staining assays. Human osteoblast cells were used to assess the cellular responses to the powder samples in this study. Results demonstrated a strong dependence of different cell activities on the level of fluoridation.
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Abstract In this study, the synthesis of SiO2–CaO–P2O5–MgO-SrO bioactive glass was performed by the sol-gel method. Sol-gel-derived bioactive glass material was produced both in powder and in discs form by uniaxial pressing, followed by sintering at 700°C. The obtained material was evaluated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM). Cytocompatibility of ionic products of the bioactive glass were assessed using MTT assay and direct contact test. The surface reactivity of the resultant bioactive glass specimens was analyzed by immersion studies in simulated body fluid (SBF) for different time intervals while monitoring the concentration of silicon, calcium, phosphorus, strontium, and magnesium in the SBF medium. The SEM, XRD, and FTIR studies were conducted before and after soaking of the material in SBF. At first, an amorphous calcium phosphate was formed; after 7 days this surface consisted of deposited crystalline apatite. In vitro experiments with human osteosarcoma cell lines (MG-63) indicated that bioactive glass incorporating a limited amount of magnesium and strontium in the composition stimulates bone cell production of alkaline phosphatase. Finally, this material proved to be non-toxic and compatible for the proposed work in segmental defects in the goat model in vivo. Keywords: Bioactive glassosteoblast like cellsSBFsol-gel Acknowledgments This study was part of a PhD thesis supported by Tehran University of Medical Sciences (grant No: 91-03-70-19292).
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The Transferred Arc Plasma (TAP) melting method is a single step process which is reported to produce highly bioactive glass ceramics. Thus, the aim of the present work was the investigation of the bioactivity and evaluation of the developed apatite layer thickness of the hydroxyapatite/SiO2-CaO-MgO systems under various compositions. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with associated Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy analysis (SEM-EDS) and X-ray Diffractometry (XRD) were used to characterize all specimens' surfaces before and after their immersion in c-SBF solution. It was concluded that the synthesized HA/glass-ceramic systems formed a well structured apatite layer even after the first 6 days of their immersion whilst pure glass pellets indicated a much slower apatite layer formation. SEM images and online cross sectional EDS analysis of the composite pellets after 18 days in c-SBF proved the development of an apatite layer 5-6 μm thick.
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