Qualitative data: detail of stakeholder participants
Rebecca A. HarrisElizabeth PerkinsRobin HoltSteve BrownJayne GarnerSarah MosedalePhil MossAlan Farrier
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This paper investigated the validity concerns in the application of Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and One-on-one Qualitative Interviews as forms of qualitative social research methods with the objective of unraveling the validity concerns embedded in their application.In order to reach this objective, theeffectiveness of qualitative social research methods – FGDs and One-on-one Qualitative Interviews– is put on the line by empirically comparing and contrasting data from two FGD sessions and one-on-one interviews to ascertain the consistency in terms of data retrieved from participants using these two data collection methods. The study is guided by the hypothesis that data obtained via FGDs may be influenced by groupthink rather than individual participant’s perspectives. A critical scrutiny of the data that emanated from the two organized FGDs departed quite significantly from the data that was elicited from the one-on-one qualitative interviews. The difference in responses confirms that FGDs are not fully insulated from the shackles of groupthink. It is recommended, among others,that though FGD can stand unilaterally as a research methodology for non-sensitive topics with no direct personal implications forparticipants; researchers should be encouraged to adopt FGD in league with other methods in a form of triangulation or mixed methodological approach for amore quality data, bearing in mind the central role occupied by data in the social scientific research process.Key Words: Focus Group Discussion, One-on-One Qualitative Interview, Social Research Methodology, Qualitative Data, and Groupthink.
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Part I: Introduction to Qualitative Research 1. The Nature of Qualitative Research: Development and Perspectives 2. Initial Steps in the Research Process 3. Ethical Issues in Qualitative Research 4. Supervision in Qualitative Research Part II: Data Collection 5. Interviewing 6. Participant Observation and Documents as Sources of Data 7. Focus Groups 8. Sampling Part III: Approaches to Qualitative Research 9. Ethnography 10. Grounded Theory 11. Phenomenology 12. Action Research 13. Narrative Enquiry 14. Additional Approaches Part IV: Data Analysis and Completion 15. Qualitative Data Analysis 16. Ensuring Trustworthiness and Quality 17. Writing up Qualitative Research
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