Control of thyreopathic endemic dystrophy (endemic goitre) in the Rumanian Peoples Republic.
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The prevalence and distribution of both epidemic and endemic goitre in Italy since 1940 are reviewed and the main results of recent research into these two forms of the disease are specified.A number of epidemic outbreaks occurred between 1940 and 1948, all originally in areas of endemic goitre but sometimes spreading to localities from which endemic goitre had practically disappeared. Both persons long resident in these areas and new arrivals were affected, as were domestic animals. Acute goitres showed the same histological features as in the endemic form of the disease. Extrathyroid symptoms were sometimes noted.Studies of endemic goitre have failed to show any clear indication that lack of iodine is responsible for the condition. Epidemiologically, endemic goitre, which remains a predominantly rural disease, seems to be shifting gradually from northern to southern Italy.
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The paper describes a study, carried out over 16 years, of the use of iodized salt for the control of endemic goitre in a valley of the Himalayan foothills. From 1956, salt was fortified with either potassium iodide or potassium iodate to provide an estimated daily intake of 200 mug per head. There was a progressive and significant decline in goitre prevalence, together with a return of the pattern of iodine metabolism to within normal limits. It is concluded that endemic goitre can be successfully controlled by iodization of domestic salt.
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The problem of endemic goitre in Burma was thought to be confined to hilly regions and therefore goitre control programme has been focussed on these areas only. However, sporadic evidences accrued that there might also be pockets of endemic goitre in low-lying areas of the country. Goitre surveys and indepth study were carried out to determine the magnitude and nature of endemic goitre in lowland Burma. The overall goitre rate was 67% and the male:female ratio was 1:1.2. The findings of the study indicate that the problem of endemic goitre is also of public health significance in the lowland areas of the country. It is recommended that effective and appropriate intervention programmes be extended to these areas.
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Objective To analyze the impact of migrant populations on the prevalence of falciparum malaria.Methods The age distribution of falciparum malaria cases in 2004 and 2005 was analyzed and the prevalence fluctuation of the disease was studied based on the historic data from 1992 to 2005.Results Based on the age distribution analysis of reported cases in 2004 and 2005,the endemic area of falciparurn malaria in China was confined in Yunnan and Hainan Provinces.Falciparum malaria cases reported from other provinces were all imported cases.According to the seasonal distribution and annual fluctuation of imported cases,the imported cases were related closely with the endemic occurred in Yunnan Province,and showed lit- tle relationship with Hainan Province.Most of the imported cases occurred at the adjacent provinces of Yunan, including Sichuan,Guangxi,Guizhou and Hunan.The percentage of imported cases increased from 2% in 1998 to 8% in 2005.Conclusion The increasing number and percentage of imported cases of faleiparum malaria is a result of the increasing migrant populations between Yunnan Province and its adjacent provinces; and the endemic in Yunnan Province is related closely with the endemic in Burma.
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