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Endemic goitre
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Endemic goitre
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The prevalence and distribution of both epidemic and endemic goitre in Italy since 1940 are reviewed and the main results of recent research into these two forms of the disease are specified.A number of epidemic outbreaks occurred between 1940 and 1948, all originally in areas of endemic goitre but sometimes spreading to localities from which endemic goitre had practically disappeared. Both persons long resident in these areas and new arrivals were affected, as were domestic animals. Acute goitres showed the same histological features as in the endemic form of the disease. Extrathyroid symptoms were sometimes noted.Studies of endemic goitre have failed to show any clear indication that lack of iodine is responsible for the condition. Epidemiologically, endemic goitre, which remains a predominantly rural disease, seems to be shifting gradually from northern to southern Italy.
Endemic goitre
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The paper describes a study, carried out over 16 years, of the use of iodized salt for the control of endemic goitre in a valley of the Himalayan foothills. From 1956, salt was fortified with either potassium iodide or potassium iodate to provide an estimated daily intake of 200 mug per head. There was a progressive and significant decline in goitre prevalence, together with a return of the pattern of iodine metabolism to within normal limits. It is concluded that endemic goitre can be successfully controlled by iodization of domestic salt.
Endemic goitre
Iodised salt
Potassium iodate
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Endemic goitre
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Endemic goitre
Cretinism
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The problem of endemic goitre in Burma was thought to be confined to hilly regions and therefore goitre control programme has been focussed on these areas only. However, sporadic evidences accrued that there might also be pockets of endemic goitre in low-lying areas of the country. Goitre surveys and indepth study were carried out to determine the magnitude and nature of endemic goitre in lowland Burma. The overall goitre rate was 67% and the male:female ratio was 1:1.2. The findings of the study indicate that the problem of endemic goitre is also of public health significance in the lowland areas of the country. It is recommended that effective and appropriate intervention programmes be extended to these areas.
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case died on the second day, while Meixner's never breathed.In older patients, beyond the interference with deglutition, the voice has been observed to alter in character, either assuming a high pitch with a nasal twang or becoming dull, muffled, and wanting in resonance.Free respiration is interfered with leading to functional troubles, such as I snoring, or to actual dyspnoea of varying degrees.Occa- sionally ulceration of the surface has led to considerable haemorrhages ; this is regarded by Storrs as an important diagnostic characteristic but its occurrence is uncommon.The swelling itself possesses certain definite characters which make its diagnosis fairly easy.It is situated immediately behind and in intimate relation with the foramen cseoum ; its surface is smooth, pale, and usually provided with numerous obvious large ramifying blood-vessels.It is practically median, although, as in the case just related, it may extend to one or the other side backwards.It is firm in consistence and non-fluctuant as a whole, although soft points corresponding to cysts may be present.Certain negative points have been emphasised by Storrs and others as valuable in the diagnosis.Thus a dermoid is
Endemic goitre
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Endemic goitre
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