[SUPPLEMENTARY STUDIES ON THE BACTERIAL FLORA IN THE FECES OF INFANTS. 2. NUTRITION STATES AND BACTERIAL FLORA IN THE FECES].
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Seven fecal specimens from each of healthy persons, aged 25 to 42 years, during the period of 2 months were analyzed to obtain the knowledge on the day-to-day variation in the same person and the person-to-person variation. Irrespective of individuals, bacteroidaceae, catenabacteria (eubacteria and strict anaerobic lactobacilli), peptostreptococci (anaerobic gram positive cocci) and bifidobacteria constituted the predominant flora. Spirillaceae, megasphaerae and clostridia (except Cl. perfringens) were also found as predominant flora in specific individuals. In all cases, enterobacteria and streptococci constitute the accompanying flora. In addition, veillonallae and lactobacilli were found as predominant flora in most cases. The remaining flora, consisting of Cl. perfringens, staphylococci and yeast, occurred occasionally in low numbers. With regard to the composition of the fecal flora of each person, a great individual variation was recognized and confirmed statistically. Each person had a characteristic fecal flora. In the same person, the numbers of bacteria of the predominating flora were over a 2 months period relatively constant. On the other hand, a great day-to-day variation in the numbers of bacteria of the accompanying flora as well as the remaining flora was demonstrated.
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Seventeen out of 24 human flora-associated (HFA) piglets died after oral administration of whole fecal flora from an apparently healthy human donor. The bacteria isolated from the organs of the infected piglets were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae by bacteriological and biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The identical K. pneumoniae strain was also isolated from the donor's fecal flora. All three neonatal piglets inoculated with K. pneumoniae from the donor's fecal flora developed severe diarrhea, with 2 eventually dying. This strongly suggests that the opportunistic pathogen K. pneumoniae from the human donor caused the fatal infection in the HFA piglets. The results underscore the importance of safety evaluation of the human donor's fecal flora for HFA piglet development.
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Quantitative and qualitative examination of the fecal flora of 20 clinically healthy Japanese-Hawaiian males was carried out by using anaerobic tube culture techniques. Cultural counts were 93% of the microscopic clump counts. Isolated colonies were selected in a randomized manner to give an unbiased sampling of the viable bacterial types. Each isolate was characterized for species identification. From a total of 1,147 isolates, 113 distinct types of organisms were observed. Statistical estimates indicate that these types account for 94% of the viable cells in the feces. The quantitative composition of the flora of this group of people, together with differential characteristics of previously unreported species, is presented for those kinds of bacteria which each represented at least 0.05% of the flora.
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Health adults were administrated with antibiotics in the following way: each antibiotic of Colistin (CL), Aminobenzylpenicillin (AB-PC), Lincomycin (LCM), Cephalexin (CEX), Kanamycin (KM), and Rifampicin (RFP) was given to two persons per os with ordinary dosage for three days, and changes in total amounts of fecal flora, bacterial constituents, and fecal urobilin-bilirubin ratio were studied.Total amounts of aerobes were not changed except two persons: a marked decrease in case who took RFP and a slight increase in another case who took LCM were experienced. On the other hand total amounts of anaerobes were markedly decreased in most of the cases except both of two cases with CL and KM administration, and one case with RFP administration. It was found that changes of total amounts of aerobes were dependent on the number of E coli or Enterococcus, while anaerobes were mostly represented by Bacteroides. Though most of cases showed no remarkable decrease in aerobes, there were noteworthy alternations in the kinds of microorganisms.Fecal urobilin-bilirubin ratio was generally paralleled to the total amounts of anaerobes. Consequently, it was considered that anaerobes played an important role in the reduction of bilirubin to urobilin.
Lincomycin
Colistin
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