[Deep neck infections: a retrospective study].
Tania BagnatiMassimo OlinaChiara GuglielmettiGiovanni BorelloPaolo Aluffi VallettiFrancesco PiaPietro Luigi Garavelli
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Abstract:
A retrospective study was carried out on 79 patients with deep neck infections (DNI) admitted to our Department between 1990 and 2005 in order to review our experience with DNI and verify if diabetic and immunocompromised patients have more aggressive infections and poorer prognosis. Demographics, clinical presentation, etiology, site of infection, associated systemic diseases (26.6%-21/79), microbiology, treatment and complications were considered.Keywords:
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Abstract A retrospective analysis of deep neck abscesses managed at the Los Angeles County‐USC Medical Center was performed. Fifty‐one patients met the criteria and were reviewed as to presentation, etiology, location, and microbiology. Hemolytic streptococci and anaerobic species, especially Bacteroides and peptostreptococci, were the most common organisms isolated. Intravenous drug abuse was the most common etiology, and was an important source of primary carotid space infection. This group was most commonly infected with Streptococcus species (50%).
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Intravenous drug
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Background: Seizures represents the most distinctive signal of the neurological disease in the newborn period. Neonatal seizures are associated with unfavourable short and long term neurodevelopmental outcome. Objective: Our study was aimed at finding incidence, etiological factors, and clinical profile seizures in late preterm and term infants.Subject and Method:A retrospective study was conducted in an intramural tertiary care hospital, IOG, Chennai, India. Detailed antenatal, intrapartum history and baseline characteristics of both mother and infants, clinical details of seizures, investigations and neuroimaging details of 113 late preterm and term neonates with seizures data was collected from January 2018 to December 2018. Results:The incidence of seizures in late preterm and term neonates was 0.76% in our study. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) was the commonest etiology(50.4%) followed by sepsis(24.8%). Majority of HIE neonates presented within 12 hrs of life (89%). Hypoglycemia(21.2%) was the commonest primary metabolic abnormality followed by hypocalcemia(9.7%). Clonic type was the most commonest type (82.3%) of seizure followed by subtle (73.5%) seizure. Conclusion:Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy was the commonest etiology along with clonic seizures most commonest types. Hypoglycemia was the most commonest biochemical abnormality.
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Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
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Background Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a serious and increasingly recognized disorder, but data from observational studies on clinicoradiological differences between etiologies and age groups are limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical and imaging characteristics of PRES in children compared to adults in a large cohort. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the radiological report data bases between January 1999 and August 2012 for patients with PRES (total of 110 patients). Patients fulfilling the criteria for PRES after detailed investigation of clinical charts and imaging studies were separated into children (<18years) and adults (≥18years). Various imaging features at onset of symptoms and on follow-up as well as clinical and paraclinical data were analyzed. Results A total of 19 pediatric and 91 adult patients with PRES were included into the study. In pediatric PRES patients, seizures were significantly more frequent as initial PRES-related symptom (p = 0.01). In addition, in children the superior frontal sulcus topographic lesion pattern occurred as frequent as the parieto-occipital one and was significantly more prevalent than in adults (p = 0.02). In contrast, in adults visual disturbances tended to occur more frequently than in children (p = 0.05). Also, severity of edema tended to be greater in adults than in children (p = 0.07). Conclusion In our PRES cohort, we found relevant clinicoradiological differences between pediatric and adult PRES patients. However, prospective studies are warranted to establish factors that are specifically associated with pediatric PRES.
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Objective: To investigate the etiology and treatment for hyperbilirubinemia through retrospective analysis of clinical data of 162 neonates, and to provide clinical evidence for early prevention and prognosis for hyperbilirubinemia in newborn. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the predisposing factors, high risk factors and therapy for hyperbilirubinemia in 162 newborns. Results: The major etiology of hyperbilirubinemia of newborn was the perinatal period (33.3%), and the next was breast milk jaundice and other causes. All children were recovered or improved by treating with blue light irradiation. Conclusion: Timely and positively dealing with the diseases at the neonatal stage can significantly reduce the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia. Blue light irradiation is the preferred treatment for hyperbilirubinemia of newborn
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Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
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The aetiology of mental retardation is varied and difficult to establish. Reports from India on the spectrum of underlying causative conditions are lacking. This retrospective study was conducted to establish the various aetiologies of mental retardation (MR) and developmental delay (DD) in patients attending a medical genetics centre in north India and to assess the contribution of genetic disorders.This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care centre in north India. All patients attending the centre with MR or DD from January 2007 to December 2009 were included. The aetiology of MR/DD was ascertained after clinical assessment and targeted laboratory evaluation. The spectrum of causative conditions and contribution of genetic disorders was established.A total of 338 patients were included in the study, of whom definite diagnosis was established in 253 (74.8%). The various aetiological categories were: chromosomal disorders in 112 (33.1%), non chromosomal syndromes in 32 (9.5%), neurometabolic disorders in 34 (10.1%), central nervous system structural defects in 25 (7.4%), cerebral palsy in 43 (12.7%) and environmental insults in 7 (2%). Eighty five patients (25.2%) had idiopathic mental retardation. A total of 196 (58%) patients had a genetic disorder as the cause of MR/DD.The aetiology of MR/DD is varied and difficult to establish in a significant proportion of patients. Chromosomal and various monogenic disorders contribute to a large number of MR/DD cases and hence a genetic work up is essential for all such patients.
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Genetic syndromes
Medical genetics
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Lung infection
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