Review on Contaminated Water Remediation by Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron
1
Citation
0
Reference
20
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
Advances on research of contaminated water remediation by nanoscale zero-valent iron(NZVI) were presented in detail,which accounted for types of contaminants that may be removed,reactive mechanics,and control factors.The NZVI technique can be used to remove several kinds of pollutants such as organic contaminants,inorganic contaminants,and heavy metals in water.The influence factors on contaminated water remediation included dissolved oxygen,pH,initial concentration,NZVI application intensity,NZVI particle size,NZVI co-operation with ultrasonic,and NZVI modification.In addition,special issues on contaminated groundwater remediation by the NZVI remedial technique were discussed pertaining to its practical applications and future research.Keywords:
Zerovalent iron
Groundwater Remediation
Remedial action
Reactive material
Contaminated groundwater
Permeable reactive barrier
Contaminated water
Cite
Zero valent iron (ZVI) is an electron donor that is used to reduce or indirectly oxidize several contaminants in soil and groundwater (e.g. halogenated species). The development of stable nano-scale ZVI (nZVI) products has gained a growing interest in environmental remediation with numerous applications all over the world. Several studies addressed both treatment efficiency and ecotoxicological effects of nano-based products for site remediation. However only a few information related to nZVI use for the treatment of marine sediments slightly polluted by heavy metals are available. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of nZVI treatment for the decontamination of marine sediments polluted by heavy metals, using the commercial product Nanofer 25s. Two kinds of experiments labelled as (i) sediment at low dosage (2, 3 and 4 g nZVI per kg of SS) and (ii) sediment at high dosage (5, 10 and 20 g nZVI for every kg SS) were performed on sieved sediment with a size < 5 mm. The optimal amount of nZVI to be potentially used for sediment reclamation was identified. According to results, nZVI is more suitable to be used for specific elements removal rather than to be applied for a generalised contamination, meaning that a mix of techniques can be suggested for whole sediment remediation.
Zerovalent iron
Human decontamination
Cite
Citations (23)
Zerovalent iron
Contaminated groundwater
Cite
Citations (0)
Zerovalent iron
Chlorinated solvents
Groundwater Remediation
Cite
Citations (77)
The problems and countermeasures of using the Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron(NZVI) for groundwater contamination remediation were introduced in this paper.NZVI can remove the halogenated hydrocarbons(mainly chlorinated hydrocarbons) from water and Cr,Pb,and As pollutants.The efficiency of contamination remediation can decrease because of the agglomeration,deposition,and inactivation of NZVI in water.The methods of sonication and adding microorganisms combined with the loading of NZVI to the surface of other solids and the change of the surface properties of NZVI are effective means to improve the ability of NZVI for groundwater contamination remediation.The effects of the complex underground environmental factors on using the NZVI in groundwater contamination remediation and the improvement of the NZVI technique in groundwater contamination remediation are important issues in future studies.
Zerovalent iron
Groundwater Remediation
Contaminated groundwater
Cite
Citations (0)
Zerovalent iron
Groundwater Remediation
Biogeochemical Cycle
Permeable reactive barrier
Contaminated groundwater
Cite
Citations (623)
Nano-scale Zero-Valent Iron(NZVI) particle is a kind of iron particle with diameter ranging between 1 to 100 nm.Its specific surface and reactivity are much higher than normal iron fillings and iron power.It can be filled into underground heavy polluted area directly to form a high-efficient in situ reactive zone,and remediate the contaminated groundwater in a versatile,high efficient and low-cost way.NZVI not only can degrade all kinds of halogenated hydrocarbons,but also can degrade some other kinds of organic pollutants,heavy metal irons and some inorganic anions.NZVI groundwater remediation technology has already been applied in developed countries,and is expanded quickly.Effects by in situ factors on the remediation effects of NZVI are significant research highlights,the efficient scattering and transport of NZVI in aquifer are the main point for scientists to breakthrough in the future.
Zerovalent iron
Groundwater Remediation
Particle (ecology)
Cite
Citations (0)
Background: Nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) is one of the most commonly used nanomaterials for soil and groundwater remediation because of its high reactivity and effective contaminant removal rate. Objective: This paper reviews the methods of nZVI syntheses and effect of nZVI application on contaminants removal, environmental conditions, and microbial growth when anaerobic bioremediation is used for polluted site restoration. Application: Dispersants have been applied to minimize the aggregation of nZVI particles and enhance its migration and influence zone. nZVI has also been applied to enhance the in situ site remediation process. Although there are advantages to combine the nZVI with bioremediation systems, the possible influences caused by the nZVI application contain changes of environmental conditions including the adverse effects on microbial species and diversity. The patents related to the designs of combining nZVI and different types of organic substrates for bioremediation enhancement are summarized in this paper. Future Study: Toxicity evaluation and risk assessment are necessities to minimize the impact of nZVI application on environments and ecosystems. Keywords: Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), reductive dechlorination, anaerobic bioremediation, toxicity, contaminated soil, hydrophobic modifiers.
Zerovalent iron
Reductive Dechlorination
Cite
Citations (1)
Zerovalent iron
Contaminated groundwater
Cite
Citations (0)
ABSTRACT: In this paper, the authors present the pilot in situ application of nano zero‐valent iron (nZVI) for effective remediation of groundwater in an industrial area contaminated by chlorinated ethylenes (CEs), which create a significant group of global environmental contaminants. This work covers the entire 1‐year remediation process, including systematic laboratory tests and field application techniques for nZVI. The application was carried out in the area of a metal fabrication industrial facility in the Czech Republic. Contamination of CEs in this area is a consequence of old ecological loads. The entire remediation process contained the following steps: monitoring of the area, selection of the most relevant hot spot, selection of the most appropriate application borehole, systematic laboratory tests, application of nZVI, and postapplication monitoring. Ten kilograms of nZVI were applied as a water suspension into the selected borehole. Significant decreases in concentrations of selected contaminants were observed in the first month after application. The reaction in the borehole was completed within approximately 5 to 6 months after the application and during this period almost 50% elimination of contamination was achieved.
Zerovalent iron
Groundwater Remediation
Contaminated groundwater
Cite
Citations (29)
Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron(n ZVI)particale is a kind of iron particle with diameter between 1 to 100 nm.Due to its biger specific surface area and higher reactivity,it has potential to reduce subsurfacecontaminants such halogenated organic compound and heavy metals.It can be filled into underground polluted area directly and forms a high-efficient in situ reactive zone,and remediate the contaminated groundwater in a versatile,and low-cost way.There were a few field applications of n ZVI for comtaminated subsurface site remediation abroad,the characteristics of n ZVI,factors affecting its reactivity,its stability and mobility and methods for detection and evaluation are still needed to study.
Zerovalent iron
Reactivity
Groundwater Remediation
Contaminated groundwater
Particle (ecology)
Cite
Citations (1)