Contemporary Interpretation of Marx's Cultural Ideal and Social Gender Perspective
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Socialist cultural ideal and core value contain profound value demands of humanism.Marx's awareness of social gender shows profound human awareness,which is important to understand advanced gender culture and socialist core value.From it we can see clearly major changes and development of the world and China.Keywords:
Value (mathematics)
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The collision and fusion of cultures of different nationalities will bring about ideological changes and advancement. The debates over the eastern culture and western culture at the beginning and end of the twentieth century have helped transform the Chinese society in a tremendous way. However, no universal definition and logical premise have been given of culture and the differences in value orientation, ways of thinking, behavioral anticipation and personal psychology which are determined by national culture have resulted in widely different cultural attitudes. To remould the national cultural personality and take a correct attitude towards the fusion of the eastern and western cultures is the theoretical prerequisite of resolving academic debates and answering the realistic problems faced by the Chinese nation.
Anticipation (artificial intelligence)
Value (mathematics)
Cultural Psychology
Chinese culture
Western culture
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The relativity of the value of cultural identity and diversity of object relations become the internal regulation led by the socialist core value system.The cultural identity of contemporary college students reflects the phase characteristics of the Chinese economic and social development and college students' level of cultural awareness,and mainstream and trends have always been progressive,on the whole compatible with the development of contemporary Chinese economy,and the reform and opening up and social development.Meanwhile,the cultural identity of college students also faces the dual challenges of value conflict in social transformation and cultural transformation.We should adhere to the socialist core value system to lead the college students' cultural identity,advance Students profound grasp of the nature of cultural identity,and adhere to abandon the standard,and achieve recognition of cultural values and cultural unity.
Cultural Identity
Value (mathematics)
Mainstream
Identity Formation
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There are some dogmatic or even wrong ideas in using the concept of social gender at present. Concept of social gender and other gender concept, only when integrated into the existence and development of contemporary Chinese women in a creative way, will turn dynamic and vigorous.
Reinterpretation
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In cultural studies,politics is a kind of incident.It is a struggle and a compromise in which many complicated factors such as race,class,gender and nationality interweave;and it is also a certain structural state reflecting the relationship among people as well as between man and society.In cultural studies,people will extract other factors like economy, religion,class culture and aesthetics from politics.As a matter of fact,politics is omnipresent and is the essence of man living in the world.Therefore,cultural studies should focus on the development and change of the relationship between culture and power in the new social and historical context.In this sense, it is highly reflective and transcendental.In this way,it tries to subvert the myth that culture has aesthetic autonomy so as to reveal the close relationship between culture and politics.
Compromise
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Despite the development of cultural policy-making, issues such as the definitions and interpretations of culture, its role in policy-making, and its relationship with other social institutions such as religion are of great significance. Given the centrality of religion in Iranian culture and cultural policies in Iran, an important and fundamental issue is the relationship between religion and culture in social and sociological theories. This important relationship has central significance in cultural policy-making. Classical thinkers in social sciences have all tried to answer this question. The present article tries to consider this issue by analyzing the theories of some sociological thinkers who have carried out extensive studies on religion and culture. The key point is that all these theorists have considered religion in the society and as a social phenomenon; thus religion is a part of culture and society and is positioned under these concepts. Therefore, a deliberate generalization of religion to different cultural areas and policies not only results in fattening up the religion, but also leads to inefficiency of cultural systems.
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Gender is one of the core concepts of feminism.Today it is no longer the pronoun or a simple code of men and women,but a kind of social structure and relationships as well as a type of important method and tool to analyze the social phenomenon.It is the product of the feminist movement developing to a certain stage,with positive meaning and limitations.Feminism theory,being spread widely in China,has caused a strong impact within the modern female intellectuals on their value orientation and role transition,while making them realize the contradiction between family and social responsibilities.Joan¤W¤ Scott historically describes gender as a category of and emphasizes that social gender provides a method to distinguish the different behaviors and social roles of the sexes,with a new analytical perspective and method for analyzing the female role conflicts,contributing to a better understanding and analysis of gender relations.
Contradiction
Value (mathematics)
Phenomenon
Confusion
Feminist Theory
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Abstract This paper starts with arguing that the main reason why value pluralism has become conflictual is that it challenges people’s socio-cultural identity. The next section gives a summary of recent sociological research on socio-cultural tensions and conflicts in the Netherlands and Europe. They are closely linked to “globalization issues,” such as cosmopolitism, immigration, and cultural integration. This shows that the prediction of the modernization theory, according to which substantial socio-cultural values would be replaced by a universalist, procedural ethics, has not come true. The third section discusses the philosophical reasons of the potentially conflictual character of today’s value pluralism: the fragility of socio-cultural identity, the spread of the culture of expressive individualism and the ethics of authenticity, and the influence of the (politics of) recognition of socio-cultural differences. The fourth section discusses two philosophical responses to the conflictual character of value pluralism. First, there is Taylor’s plea for a broadening of our socio-cultural horizon and a transformation of our common standards of (value-)judgments, based on his idea of a fusion of cultural horizons. In spite of its obvious merits, Taylor underestimates the degree of cultural distance that characterizes many instances of value pluralism. Second, there is an idea of cultural hospitality, which is an application of Ricoeur’s idea of linguistic hospitality to the cultural sphere. It is more modest than Taylor’s proposal, since it recognizes the unbridgeable gap that separates different cultures and their values. Another even more modest suggestion to diminish the conflictual character of value pluralism is the virtue of tolerance, which combines the idea that I have good reasons for my value attachments with the recognition that my values are not the completion of the ideal of human existence.
Pluralism
Plea
Value (mathematics)
Cultural Identity
Sociology of culture
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The paper discusses the identical national cultural consciousness enhanced in opening to the outside world and economic growth as strategies of cross-border competition in overall strengths in stead of political and military race.It thus advocates that strengthening ethnic cultural awareness as the foundation of value orientation in the context of globalization is vital to dissolving the crisis of national identity to establish socialist value orientation with Chinese characteristics,and dispelling the crisis of individual identity to enhance cultural subjectivity in the personal orientation of value.
National consciousness
Value (mathematics)
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Cultural consciousness is value judgments and choices made by people who live in particular historic condition on production and development of cultural activity. There is internal contact between cultural consciousness and ideological and political education which is an important way to achieve cultural consciousness. Cultural consciousness is important goal and pursue of the ideological and political education,which create a good cultural atmosphere for the ideological and political education. At present,our country is facing an identity crisis of mainstream culture,moral values orientation vague,lack of cultural self- consciousness and other social problems,therefore,we should cultivate cultural consciousness and cultural self- confidence of the whole society by strengthening national education,promoting traditional culture,purifying the cultural ecology,advocating mainstream culture,etc.
Mainstream
Cultural Identity
Political consciousness
Social consciousness
National consciousness
Cultural homogenization
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The main thesis of contemporary sociological theory and liberal-democratic political doctrine of the 'end of history', 'open society', globalization as a world-historical process is also the thesis about finally liberated the individual and autonomous personality 'of our time'. Modernization theorists from Marx argued that economic development brings changes. Actually, economic development is connected with breakthrough from absolute norms and values towards rationality, tolerance, trust, and participation, so transition from traditionalism to modernism according to theory affects forms of value. This paper examines relationship between values and social (political, economic, cultural) transformation as well as the extent to which the validity transformation threatened severe and dramatic social events during last decade. There still remains a dilemma for modern scientific and philosophic thought: is the individual truly free of the pressure of belonging to various types of group compounds like class, ethno-cultural background, family background, gender etc, or have individualization and reflexivity led to an increase in isolation, narcissism, apathy, cynicism, exclusion, marginal position in society, emphasizing materialistic goals and inability to control their own lives.
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