Soluble Carbon Nanotubes and Nanotube-Polymer Composites
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For these two decade, tremendous amount of researches and developments dealing with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been carried out. Most of them are focusing on finding the unique and outstanding properties of CNTs and trying to utilizing them as the advanced materials. Whenever we start the research and the development of CNTs, the first difficulty is the dispersion of CNTs into the solvents since the CNTs form strong aggregation. Up to date, large efforts have been carried out for the preparation of CNT dispersion and the typical strategies are summarized. Such a dispersion technique allows us to use CNT as a material. Several applications of the CNT dispersion is also introduced.The polymer/carbon nanotube(CNT) nanocomposites are expected to have the good processability of polymer and the excellent functional properties of carbon nanotubes(CNTs).One of the critical challenges is how to enhance the dispersion of CNTs in polymer matrix.In the review,we summarized the progresses on the dispersion of CNTs in polymer matrix,including optimum physical blending,in-situ polymerization and chemical functionalization.
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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a primary nanomaterial that have outstanding physical and mechanical characteristics, and CNTs can be combined with cement-based materials to alter their heating characteristics. In this study, the types of CNTs used were multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Experiments were performed to determine the altered heating characteristics of the CNT cement mortars. The parameters of the experiment were CNT type, CNT content, curing age, and applied voltage. The results for the different CNT cement mortars indicate that mixing SWCNTs with water to produce CNT cement mortars was more effective for modifying the heating characteristics compared to mixing MWCNTs with water. In addition, field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) images supported the results found in the heating experiments.
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The selective dispersion of single-walled carbon nanotube species (n,m) with conjugated polymers such as poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) in organic solvents depends not only on the type of solvent but also on the molecular weight of the polymer. We find an increasing amount of nanotubes and altered selectivities for dispersions with higher molecular weight polymers. Including the effects of different aromatic solvents, we propose that solution viscosity is one of the factors influencing the apparent selectivity by changing the reaggregation rate of the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT). The type of solvent, polymer molecular weight, concentration, and viscosity should thus be taken into account when screening for new polymers for selective SWNT dispersion.
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An experimental program was designed to synthesize and characterize carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and CNTs reinforced polymeric matrix nanocomposites. PMMA, and PS, matrices were adopted for this investigation using different percents of CNTs loading of 0, 1, 3, and 5 and wt%. Morphological characterization was carried out using SEM, TEM, and TEDM microscopy. Mechanical properties were also measured to evaluate the enhancement effect of the CNTs loading percent. The results revealed a remarkable enhancement of the strength and ductility of the matrix material at 3 wt% of reasonably dispersed CNTs.
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HNBR/short aramid fiber(DCAF)/fibrillar silicate(FS) composites were prepared by mechanical blending of in situ modified FS,DCAF and HNBR.The effects of the addition levels of DCAF and FS,and different lengths of DCAF on the structure and properties of the composites were investigated.The results showed that the moduli of the composites under both tension and compression conditions at small strain were increased by adding DCAF;the tensile properties and anisotropy of the composites could be improved when the length or addition levels of DCAF increased;the stress-strain behavior and compression modulus of the composites were improved significantly by adding FS.
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In this work we have created stable dispersions of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in novel polymers which were prepared by solution processing method toobtain polymer with uniform distribution of carbon nanotubes within.Polymers are noncovalent attached to the surface of MWNTs and affords highly uniform and stable dispersions. This study demonstrates the stable dispersions of MWNTs that can be achieved without substantial defectsby an optimized dispersion process, featuring a strong organic solvent—Tetrahydrofuran (THF), which dissolved the Polymers easily and allowed high quality dispersion of MWCNTs. At concentrations as low as 0.1 wt% of MWCNTs were dispersed uniformly through the 0.3 wt% polymer matrix, which presents a major improvement over prior techniques. Polymer and MWNTs/ Polymer matrix has been characterized with infrared (FT-IR), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy.
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Understanding of the effect of the multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) dispersion process on physical properties of MWCNT film is crucial in process optimization of MWCNT film-based products. In the present work, the electrical conduction property of MWCNT films according to various conditions in MWCNT dispersion is investigated. Spectroscopic analysis of dispersed MWCNTs show that the electrical resistance of the MWCNT conductive film is affected by an increase in the electrical contacts between adjacent CNTs due to CNT debundling and physical damage caused by ultrasonic processing. Based on the two conflicting parameters, dispersion guidelines for highly conductive MWCNT film are presented.
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